@c This is part of the Emacs manual. @c Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. @node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top @appendix Emacs 21 Antinews For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about downgrading to Emacs version 21.4. We hope you will enjoy the greater simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs @value{EMACSVER} features. @itemize @bullet @item The buffer position and line number are now displayed at the end of the mode line, where they can be more easily seen. @item The mode line of the selected window is no longer displayed with a special face. All mode lines are created equal. Meanwhile, you can use the variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} to control whether mode lines are highlighted at all---@code{nil} means don't highlight them. @item Clicking on a link with the left mouse button (@kbd{mouse-1}) will always set point at the position clicked, instead of following the link. If you want to follow the link, use the middle mouse button (@kbd{mouse-2}). @item Emacs is tired of X droppings. If you drop a file or a piece of text onto an Emacs window, nothing will happen. @item On an xterm, Emacs provides a more convincing simulation of a text terminal by not responding to mouse-clicks on the mode-line, header-line, or display margin. @item For simplicity, windows always have fringes. We wouldn't want to in-fringe anyone's windows. Likewise, horizontal scrolling always works in the same automatic way. @item The horizontal-bar cursor shape has been removed. @item If command line arguments are given, Emacs will not display a splash screen, so that you can immediately get on with your editing. The command-line option @samp{--no-splash} is therefore obsolete, and has been removed. @item The command line options @samp{--color}, @samp{--fullwidth}, @samp{--fullheight}, @samp{--fullscreen}, @samp{--no-blinking-cursor}, @samp{--no-desktop}, and @samp{-Q} have also been removed. @item The @samp{--geometry} option applies only to the initial frame, and the @samp{-f} option will not read arguments for interactive functions. @item Emacs now looks for @file{.emacs} and @file{.emacs_SHELL} in one standard location---your home directory. Don't put these files in @file{~/.emacs.d}; they won't be found. @item Emacs will not read @file{~/.abbrev_defs} automatically. If you want to load abbrev definitions from a file, you must always do so explicitly. @item When you are logged in as root, all files now give you writable buffers, reflecting the fact that you can write any files. @item The maximum size of buffers and integer variables has been halved. On 32-bit machines, the maximum buffer size is now 128 megabytes. @item An unquoted @samp{$} in a file name is now an error, if the following name is not recognized as an environment variable. Thus, the file name @file{foo$bar} would probably be an error. Meanwhile, the @code{setenv} command does not expand @samp{$} at all. @item Emacs will not query you if a command accumulates too much undo information. If Emacs runs out of memory as a result, it will handle this by crashing. @item Many commands have been removed from the menus or rearranged. @item The @kbd{C-h} (help) subcommands have been rearranged---especially those that display specific files. Type @kbd{C-h C-h} to see a list of these commands; that will show you what is different. @item The @kbd{C-h v} and @kbd{C-h f} commands no longer show a hyperlink to the C source code, even if it is available. If you want to find the source code, grep for it. @item The apropos commands will not accept a list of words to match, in order to encourage users to be more specific. Also, the user option @code{apropos-sort-by-scores} has been removed. @item The minibuffer prompt is now displayed using the default face. The colon is enough to show you what part is the prompt. @item Minibuffer completion commands always complete the entire minibuffer contents, just as if you had typed them at the end of the minibuffer, no matter where point is actually located. @item The command @code{backward-kill-sexp} is now bound to @kbd{C-M-delete} and @kbd{C-M-backspace}. Be careful when using these key sequences! It may shut down your X server, or reboot your operating system. @item Commands to set the mark at a place away from point, including @kbd{M-@@}, @kbd{M-h}, etc., don't do anything special when you repeat them. In most cases, typing these commands multiple times is equivalent to typing them once. @kbd{M-h} ignores numeric arguments. @item If you want to repeat a jump to a previous mark, you should supply the prefix argument explicitly. So, instead of typing @kbd{C-u C-SPC C-SPC C-SPC}, type @kbd{C-u C-SPC C-u C-SPC C-u C-SPC}. @item @kbd{C-@key{SPC} C-@key{SPC}} has no special meaning--it just sets the mark twice. Neither does @kbd{C-u C-x C-x}, which simply exchanges point and mark like @kbd{C-x C-x}. @item The function @code{sentence-end} has been eliminated in favor of a more straightforward approach: directly setting the variable @code{sentence-end}. For example, to end each sentence with a single space, use @lisp (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*") @end lisp @item The variable @code{fill-nobreak-predicate} is no longer customizable, and it can only hold a single function. @item Nobreak spaces and hyphens are displayed just like normal characters, and the user option @code{nobreak-char-display} has been removed. @item @kbd{C-w} in an incremental search always grabs an entire word into the search string. More precisely, it grabs text through the next end of a word. @item Yanking now preserves all text properties that were in the killed text. The variable @code{yank-excluded-properties} has been removed. @item Occur mode, Info mode, and Comint-derived modes now control fontification in their own way, and @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} has nothing to do with it. To control fontification in Info mode, use the variable @code{Info-fontify}. @item The Grep package has been merged with Compilation mode. Many grep-specific commands and user options have thus been eliminated. Also, @kbd{M-x grep} never tries the GNU grep @samp{-H} option, and instead silently appends @file{/dev/null} to the command line. @item In Dired's @kbd{!} command, @samp{*} and @samp{?} now cause substitution of the file names wherever they appear---not only when they are surrounded by whitespace. @item When a file is managed with version control, the command @kbd{C-x C-q} (whose general meaning is to make a buffer read-only or writable) now does so by checking the file in or out. Checking the file out makes the buffer writable; checking it in makes the buffer read-only. You can still use @kbd{C-x v v} to do these operations if you wish; its meaning is unchanged. If you want to control the buffer's read-only flag without performing any version control operation, use @kbd{M-x toggle-read-only}. @item SGML mode does not handle XML syntax, and does not have indentation support. @item Many Info mode commands have been removed. Incremental search in Info searches only the current node. @item Many @code{etags} features for customizing parsing using regexps have been removed. @item The Emacs server now runs a small C program called @file{emacsserver}, rather than trying to handle everything in Emacs Lisp. Now there can only be one Emacs server running at a time. The @code{server-mode} command and @code{server-name} user option have been eliminated. @item The @file{emacsclient} program no longer accepts the @samp{--eval} and @samp{--display} command line options. @item The command @code{quail-show-key}, for showing how to input a character, has been removed. @item The default value of @code{keyboard-coding-system} is always @code{nil}, regardless of your locale settings. If you want some other value, set it yourself. @item Unicode support and unification between Latin-@var{n} character sets have been removed. Cutting and pasting X selections does not support ``extended segments'', so there are certain coding systems it cannot handle. @item The input methods for Emacs are included in a separate distribution called ``Leim''. To use this, you must extract the Leim tar file on top of the Emacs distribution, into the same directory, before you build Emacs. @item The following input methods have been eliminated: belarusian, bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch, georgian, latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix, latvian-keyboard, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard, malayalam-inscript, rfc1345, russian-computer, sgml, slovenian, tamil-inscript ucs, ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh. @item The following language environments have been eliminated: Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian, Latin-6, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian, Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh, and Windows-1255. @item The @code{code-pages} library, which contained various 8-bit coding systems, has been removed. @item The Kmacro package has been replaced with a simple and elegant keyboard macro system. Use @kbd{C-x (} to start a new keyboard macro, @kbd{C-x )} to end the macro, and @kbd{C-x e} to execute the last macro. @item The Calc, CUA, GDB-UI, Ibuffer, Ido, Password, Printing, Reveal, Ruler-mode, SES, Table, Tramp, and URL packages have been removed. The Benchmark, Cfengine, Conf, Dns, Flymake, Python, Thumbs, and Wdired modes have also been removed. @item The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual and the Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp are now distributed separately, not in the Emacs distribution. @item On MS Windows, there is no longer any support for tooltips, images, sound, different mouse pointer shapes, or pointing devices with more than 3 buttons. If you want these features, consider switching to another operating system. But even if you don't want these features, you should still switch---for freedom's sake. @item Emacs will not use Unicode for clipboard operations on MS Windows. @item To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 21.4. @end itemize @ignore arch-tag: 32932bd9-46f5-41b2-8a0e-fb0cc4caeb29 @end ignore