.\" $KAME: setkey.8,v 1.49 2001/05/18 05:49:51 sakane Exp $ .\" $FreeBSD$ .\" .\" Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999 WIDE Project. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .Dd November 20, 2000 .Dt SETKEY 8 .Os .\" .Sh NAME .Nm setkey .Nd "manually manipulate the IPsec SA/SP database" .\" .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl dv .Fl c .Nm .Op Fl dv .Fl f Ar filename .Nm .Op Fl adPlv .Fl D .Nm .Op Fl dPv .Fl F .Nm .Op Fl h .Fl x .\" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility adds, updates, dumps, or flushes Security Association Database (SAD) entries as well as Security Policy Database (SPD) entries in the kernel. .Pp The .Nm utility takes a series of operations from the standard input (if invoked with .Fl c ) or the file named .Ar filename (if invoked with .Fl f Ar filename ) . .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Fl D Dump the SAD entries. If with .Fl P , the SPD entries are dumped. .It Fl F Flush the SAD entries. If with .Fl P , the SPD entries are flushed. .It Fl a Dead SAD entries are usually not displayed with .Fl D . If with .Fl a , the dead SAD entries will be displayed as well. A dead SAD entry means that it has been expired but remains because it is referenced by SPD entries. .It Fl d Enable to print debugging messages for command parser, without talking to kernel. It is not used usually. .It Fl x Loop forever and dump all the messages transmitted to .Dv PF_KEY socket. .Fl xx makes each timestamps unformatted. .It Fl h Add hexadecimal dump on .Fl x mode. .It Fl l Loop forever with short output on .Fl D . .It Fl v Be verbose. The program will dump messages exchanged on .Dv PF_KEY socket, including messages sent from other processes to the kernel. .El .Pp Operations have the following grammar. Note that lines starting with hashmarks ('#') are treated as comment lines. .Bl -tag -width Ds .It Xo .Li add .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Op Ar extensions .Ar algorithm... .Li ; .Xc Add an SAD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li get .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Li ; .Xc Show an SAD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li delete .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol Ar spi .Li ; .Xc Remove an SAD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li deleteall .Ar src Ar dst Ar protocol .Li ; .Xc Remove all SAD entries that match the specification. .\" .It Xo .Li flush .Op Ar protocol .Li ; .Xc Clear all SAD entries matched by the options. .\" .It Xo .Li dump .Op Ar protocol .Li ; .Xc Dumps all SAD entries matched by the options. .\" .It Xo .Li spdadd .Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec Ar policy .Li ; .Xc Add an SPD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li spddelete .Ar src_range Ar dst_range Ar upperspec Fl P Ar direction .Li ; .Xc Delete an SPD entry. .\" .It Xo .Li spdflush .Li ; .Xc Clear all SPD entries. .\" .It Xo .Li spddump .Li ; .Xc Dumps all SPD entries. .El .\" .Pp Meta-arguments are as follows: .Pp .Bl -tag -compact -width Ds .It Ar src .It Ar dst Source/destination of the secure communication is specified as IPv4/v6 address. The .Nm utility does not consult hostname-to-address for arguments .Ar src and .Ar dst . They must be in numeric form. .\" .Pp .It Ar protocol .Ar protocol is one of following: .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .It Li esp ESP based on rfc2405 .It Li esp-old ESP based on rfc1827 .It Li ah AH based on rfc2402 .It Li ah-old AH based on rfc1826 .It Li ipcomp IPCOMP .El .\" .Pp .It Ar spi Security Parameter Index (SPI) for the SAD and the SPD. It must be decimal number or hexadecimal number You cannot use the set of SPI values in the range 0 through 255. (with .Li 0x attached). .\" .Pp .It Ar extensions takes some of the following: .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .\" .It Fl m Ar mode Specify a security protocol mode for use. .Ar mode is one of following: .Li transport , tunnel or .Li any . The default value is .Li any . .\" .It Fl r Ar size Specify window size of bytes for replay prevention. .Ar size must be decimal number in 32-bit word. If .Ar size is zero or not specified, replay check don't take place. .\" .It Fl u Ar id Specify the identifier of the policy entry in SPD. See .Ar policy . .\" .It Fl f Ar pad_option defines the content of the ESP padding. .Ar pad_option is one of following: .Bl -tag -width random-pad -compact .It Li zero-pad All of the padding are zero. .It Li random-pad A series of randomized values are set. .It Li seq-pad A series of sequential increasing numbers started from 1 are set. .El .\" .It Fl f Li nocyclic-seq Don't allow cyclic sequence number. .\" .It Fl lh Ar time .It Fl ls Ar time Specify hard/soft life time duration of the SA. .El .\" .Pp .It Ar algorithm .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact .It Fl E Ar ealgo Ar key Specify an encryption algorithm. .It Fl A Ar aalgo Ar key Specify an authentication algorithm. If .Fl A is used with .Ar protocol Li esp , it will be treated as ESP payload authentication algorithm. .It Fl C Ar calgo Op Fl R Specify compression algorithm. If .Fl R is not specified with .Li ipcomp line, the kernel will use well-known IPComp CPI (compression parameter index) on IPComp CPI field on packets, and .Ar spi field will be ignored. .Ar spi field is only for kernel internal use in this case. .\"Therefore, compression protocol number will appear on IPComp CPI field. If .Fl R is used, the value on .Ar spi field will appear on IPComp CPI field on outgoing packets. .Ar spi field needs to be smaller than .Li 0x10000 in this case. .El .Pp .Ar protocol Li esp accepts .Fl E and .Fl A . .Ar protocol Li esp-old accepts .Fl E only. .Ar protocol Li ah and .Li ah-old accept .Fl A only. .Ar protocol Li ipcomp accepts .Fl C only. .Pp .Ar key must be double-quoted character string or series of hexadecimal digits. .Pp Possible values for .Ar ealgo , .Ar aalgo and .Ar calgo are specified in separate section. .\" .Pp .It Ar src_range .It Ar dst_range These are selections of the secure communication specified as IPv4/v6 address or IPv4/v6 address range, and it may accompany TCP/UDP port specification. This takes the following form: .Bd -literal -offset .Ar address .Ar address/prefixlen .Ar address[port] .Ar address/prefixlen[port] .Ed .Pp .Ar prefixlen and .Ar port must be decimal number. The square bracket around .Ar port is really necessary. They are not manpage metacharacters. .Pp The .Nm utility does not consult hostname-to-address for arguments .Ar src and .Ar dst . They must be in numeric form. .\" .Pp .It Ar upperspec Upper-layer protocol to be used. You can use one of words in .Pa /etc/protocols as .Ar upperspec . Or .Li icmp6 , .Li ip4 , and .Li any can be specified. .Li any stands for .Dq any protocol . Also you can use the protocol number. .Pp NOTE: .Ar upperspec does not work against forwarding case at this moment, as it requires extra reassembly at forwarding node (not implemented at this moment). We have many protocols in .Pa /etc/protocols , but protocols except of TCP, UDP and ICMP may not be suitable to use with IPsec. You have to consider and be careful to use them. .Li icmp .Li tcp .Li udp all protocols .\" .Pp .It Ar policy .Ar policy is the one of following: .Bd -literal -offset .Xo .Fl P Ar direction Li discard .Xc .Xo .Fl P Ar direction Li none .Xc .Xo .Fl P Ar direction Li ipsec Ar protocol/mode/src-dst/level .Xc .Ed .Pp You must specify the direction of its policy as .Ar direction . Either .Li out or .Li in are used. .Li discard means the packet matching indexes will be discarded. .Li none means that IPsec operation will not take place onto the packet. .Li ipsec means that IPsec operation will take place onto the packet. Either .Li ah , .Li esp or .Li ipcomp is to be set as .Ar protocol . .Ar mode is either .Li transport or .Li tunnel . If .Ar mode is .Li tunnel , you must specify the end-points addresses of the SA as .Ar src and .Ar dst with .Sq - between these addresses which is used to specify the SA to use. If .Ar mode is .Li transport , both .Ar src and .Ar dst can be omitted. .Ar level is to be one of the following: .Li default , use , require or .Li unique . If the SA is not available in every level, the kernel will request getting SA to the key exchange daemon. .Li default means the kernel consults to the system wide default against protocol you specified, e.g.\& .Li esp_trans_deflev sysctl variable, when the kernel processes the packet. .Li use means that the kernel use a SA if it's available, otherwise the kernel keeps normal operation. .Li require means SA is required whenever the kernel sends a packet matched with the policy. .Li unique is the same to require. In addition, it allows the policy to bind with the unique out-bound SA. If you use the SA by manual keying, you can put the decimal number as the policy identifier after .Li unique separated by colon .Sq \: like the following; .Li unique:number . .Li number must be between 1 and 32767. It corresponds to .Ar extensions Fl u . .Pp Note that .Dq Li discard and .Dq Li none are not in the syntax described in .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 . There are little differences in the syntax. See .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 for detail. .Pp .El .Pp .\" .Sh ALGORITHMS The following list shows the supported algorithms. .Sy protocol and .Sy algorithm are almost orthogonal. Followings are the list of authentication algorithms that can be used as .Ar aalgo in .Fl A Ar aalgo of .Ar protocol parameter: .Pp .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm keylen (bits) comment hmac-md5 128 ah: rfc2403 128 ah-old: rfc2085 hmac-sha1 160 ah: rfc2404 160 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) keyed-md5 128 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 128 ah-old: rfc1828 keyed-sha1 160 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 160 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) null 0 to 2048 for debugging hmac-sha2-256 256 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 256 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-sha2-384 384 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 384 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-sha2-512 512 ah: 96bit ICV (no document) 512 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) hmac-ripemd160 160 ah: 96bit ICV (RFC2857) ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) aes-xcbc-mac 128 ah: 96bit ICV (RFC3566) 128 ah-old: 128bit ICV (no document) .Ed .Pp Followings are the list of encryption algorithms that can be used as .Ar ealgo in .Fl E Ar ealgo of .Ar protocol parameter: .Pp .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm keylen (bits) comment des-cbc 64 esp-old: rfc1829, esp: rfc2405 3des-cbc 192 rfc2451 simple 0 to 2048 rfc2410 blowfish-cbc 40 to 448 rfc2451 cast128-cbc 40 to 128 rfc2451 des-deriv 64 ipsec-ciph-des-derived-01 (expired) 3des-deriv 192 no document rijndael-cbc 128/192/256 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-aes-cbc-00 .Ed .Pp Followings are the list of compression algorithms that can be used as .Ar calgo in .Fl C Ar calgo of .Ar protocol parameter: .Pp .Bd -literal -offset indent algorithm comment deflate rfc2394 lzs rfc2395 .Ed .\" .Sh EXAMPLES .Bd -literal -offset add 3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 esp 123457 -E des-cbc "ESP SA!!" ; add 3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 ah 123456 -A hmac-sha1 "AH SA configuration!" ; add 10.0.11.41 10.0.11.33 esp 0x10001 -E des-cbc "ESP with" -A hmac-md5 "authentication!!" ; get 3ffe:501:4819::1 3ffe:501:481d::1 ah 123456 ; flush ; dump esp ; spdadd 10.0.11.41/32[21] 10.0.11.33/32[any] any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.0.1-192.168.1.2/require ; .Ed .\" .Sh RETURN VALUES The command exits with 0 on success, and non-zero on errors. .\" .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr ipsec_set_policy 3 , .Xr racoon 8 , .Xr sysctl 8 .\" .Sh HISTORY The .Nm utility first appeared in WIDE Hydrangea IPv6 protocol stack kit. The command was completely re-designed in June 1998. .\" .\" .Sh BUGS