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Add basic installation procedure which assumes `configure' does its job.

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Elaborate on image support libraries.  Add a pointer to Xaw3d library.
Add advice about solving configure-time problems by looking in
config.log and setting variables in the envoronment.
This commit is contained in:
Eli Zaretskii 2000-12-27 16:14:51 +00:00
parent 14ec09d77e
commit 071fcb2ceb
1 changed files with 174 additions and 34 deletions
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208
INSTALL
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
GNU Emacs Installation Guide
Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2000 Free software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
@ -14,16 +14,105 @@ Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc.
and that any new or changed statements about the activities
of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation.
BASIC INSTALLATION
The simplest way to build Emacs is to use the `configure' shell script
which attempts to guess correct values for various system-dependent
variables and features and find the directories where various system
headers and libraries are kept. It then creates a `Makefile' in each
subdirectory and a `config.h' file containing system-dependent
definitions. Running the Make utility then builds the package for
your system.
Here's the procedure to build Emacs using `configure' on systems which
are supported by it. If this simplified procedure fails, or if you
are using a platform such as MS-Windows where `configure' script
doesn't work, you might need to use various non-default options, and
maybe perform some of the steps manually. The more detailed
description in the rest of the sections of this guide will help you do
that, so please refer to them if the simple procedure does not work.
1. If you want to be able to input international characters which
your keyboard doesn't support directly (i.e., you cannot type
them at the shell prompt), download the leim-M.N.tar.gz
distribution and unpack it into the same directory where you have
unpacked the main Emacs distribution. See ADDITIONAL
DISTRIBUTION FILES, below, for more about this.
2. Make sure your system has at least 120 MB of free disk space.
3a. `cd' to the directory where you unpacked Emacs and invoke the
`configure' script:
./configure
3b. Alternatively, create a separate directory, outside the source
directory, where you want to build Emacs, and invoke `configure'
from there:
SOURCE-DIR/configure
where SOURCE-DIR is the top-level Emacs source directory.
4. When `configure' finishes, it prints several lines of details
about the system configuration. Read those details carefully
looking for anything suspicious, such as wrong CPU and operating
system names, wrong places for headers or libraries, missing
libraries that you know are installed on your system, etc.
If you find anything wrong, you will have to pass to `configure'
explicit machine configuration name, and one or more options
which tell it where to find various headers and libraries; refer
to DETAILED BUILDING AND INSTALLATION section below.
If `configure' didn't find some image support libraries, such as
Xpm, jpeg, etc., refer to the subsection "Image support
libraries", below.
If the details printed by `configure' don't make any sense to
you, assume that `configure' did its job and proceed.
5. If you need to run the `configure' script more than once (e.g.,
with some non-default options), always clean the source
directories before running `configure' again:
make distclean
./configure
6. Invoke the Make program:
make
7. If Make succeeds, it will build an executable program `emacs' in
the `src' directory. You can try this program, to make sure it
works:
src/emacs -q
8. Assuming that the program `src/emacs' starts and displays its
opening screen, you can install the program and its auxiliary
files into their installation directories:
make install
You are now ready to use Emacs. If you wish to conserve disk space,
you may remove the program binaries and object files from the
directory where you built Emacs:
make clean
ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION FILES
* leim-M.N.tar.gz
The Emacs Lisp code for input methods for various international
character scripts is distributed in a separate tar file because it
amounts to a significant fraction of the size of the distribution.
This tar file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz, with the same version number
as Emacs, and it unpacks into the directory emacs-M.N/leim.
character scripts allows you to input characters in scripts which are
not directly supported by your keyboard. It is distributed in a
separate tar file because it amounts to a significant fraction of the
size of the distribution. This tar file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz,
with the same version number as Emacs, and it unpacks into the
directory emacs-M.N/leim.
You should unpack leim-M.N.tar.gz into the same directory where you
have previously unpacked the main Emacs distribution. It fills in the
@ -40,13 +129,14 @@ first, just unpack Leim, build Emacs again, and install it again.
The intlfonts distribution contains X11 fonts that Emacs needs in
order to display international characters. If you see a non-ASCII
character appear as a hollow box, that means you don't have a font for
it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If some
characters don't look right, or appear improperly aligned, a font
from the intlfonts distribution might look better.
it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If you do
have a font for a non-ASCII character, but some characters don't look
right, or appear improperly aligned, a font from the intlfonts
distribution might look better.
The fonts in the intlfonts distribution are also used by the ps-print
package for printing international characters. The file
lisp/ps-mule.el defines the .bdf font files required for printing
lisp/ps-mule.el defines the *.bdf font files required for printing
each character set.
The intlfonts distribution contains its own installation instructions,
@ -55,12 +145,16 @@ in the intlfonts/README file.
* elisp-manual-M.N.tar.gz
This distribution contains the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual which
complements the Emacs Lisp Manual. It is a good idea to install the
Emacs Lisp Reference Manual after installing Emacs, to complete the
on-line documentation of Emacs in Info.
complements the Emacs Manual. (The Emacs Manual is accessible from
within the editor by typing "C-h i", then selecting the "Emacs" item
from the menu, or by clicking "Help" in the menu bar and selecting
"Read Emacs Manual".) It is a good idea to install the Emacs Lisp
Reference Manual after installing Emacs, to complete the on-line
documentation of Emacs in Info.
If you have installed Texinfo, you can install the Emacs Lisp
Reference Manual this way:
Reference Manual this way (after unpacking the elisp-manual-M.N.tar.gz
file):
cd elisp-manual-M.N
./configure --prefix=PREFIXDIR
@ -76,16 +170,19 @@ that file `dir' in this directory contains an entry like this:
* Image support libraries
Emacs needs optional libraries to be able to display images (with the
exception of PBM and XBM images whose support is built-in). On some
systems these may already be present or available as additional
packages, particularly on GNU/Linux. (In some cases older versions
won't work because some routines are missing, and configure should
avoid such old versions.)
exception of PBM and XBM images whose support is built-in).
If necessary, you can build them from source. None are vital for
running Emacs. Here's the list of these optional libraries, and the
URLs where they can be found:
On some systems, particularly on GNU/Linux, these libraries may
already be present or available as additional packages. If not, you
can download and build them from sources. None of them are vital for
running Emacs; however, note that Emacs will not be able to use color
icons in the toolbar if the XPM support is not available.
Here's the list of these optional libraries, and the URLs where they
can be found:
. libXaw3d for fancy 3D-style
scroll bars: ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/widgets/Xaw3d/
. libxpm for XPM: ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/libraries/
. libpng for PNG: ftp://www.libpng.org/pub/png/
. libz (for PNG): http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/
@ -94,19 +191,20 @@ URLs where they can be found:
. libungif for GIF:
http://prtr-13.ucsc.edu/~badger/software/libungif/index.shtml
[libungif-4.1.0 can crash Emacs with uncompressed GIFs -- use
libungif-4.1.0b1.]
Emacs will configure itself to build with these libraries if configure
finds them on your system unless you supply the appropriate
--without-LIB option. See below for more details.
Emacs will configure itself to build with these libraries if the
`configure' script finds them on your system, unless you supply the
appropriate --without-LIB option. In some cases, older versions of
these libraries won't work because some routines are missing, and
configure should avoid such old versions. If that happens, use the
--without-LIB options to `configure'. See below for more details.
BUILDING AND INSTALLATION:
DETAILED BUILDING AND INSTALLATION:
(This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search
for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.
For the Mac, see the file mac/INSTALL.)
(This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MS-DOS and Windows 3.X,
see below; search for MSDOG. For Windows 9X, Windows ME, Windows NT,
and Windows 2000, see the file nt/INSTALL. For the Mac, see the file
mac/INSTALL.)
1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle
a program whose pure code is 1.5 MB and whose data area is at
@ -121,11 +219,14 @@ about 60 MB (70 MB with Leim) in the file system where it is
installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp libraries,
miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If the building
and installation take place in different directories, then the
installation procedure momentarily requires 95+60 MB (130+170 MB).
installation procedure momentarily requires 95+60 MB (130+70 MB).
2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should
give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for
getting around some possible installation problems.
getting around some possible installation problems. The file lists
many different configurations, but only the part for your machine and
operating system is relevant. (The list is arranged in alphabetical
order by the vendor name.)
3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory
or in a separate directory.
@ -159,7 +260,10 @@ configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where
TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for
`athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with
shared libraries. A free implementation of Motif, called LessTif, is
available ftom <http://www.lesstif.org>.
available ftom <http://www.lesstif.org>. You can get fancy 3D-style
scroll bars, even without LessTif/Motif, if you have the Xaw3d library
installed (see "Image support libraries" above for Xaw3d
availability).
The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should
compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify
@ -188,6 +292,11 @@ or more of these options:
--without-gif for GIF image support
--without-png for PNG image support
Use --without-toolkit-scroll-bars to disable LessTif/Motif or Xaw3d
scroll bars. --without-xim disables the use of X Input Methods, and
--disable-largefile omits support for files larger than 2GB on systems
which support that.
The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process
should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'.
- Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin
@ -232,6 +341,37 @@ output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give
tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to
disable caching, for debugging `configure'.
If the description of the system configuration printed by `configure'
is not right, or if it claims some of the fatures or libraries are not
available when you know they are, look at the `config.log' file for
the trace of the failed tests performed by `configure' to check
whether these features are supported. Typically, some test fails
because the compiler cannot find some function in the system
libraries, or some macro-processor definition in the system headers.
Some tests might fail because the compiler should look in special
directories for some header files, or link against optional
directories, or use special compilation options. You can force
`configure' and the build process which follows it to do that by
setting the variables CPPFLAGS, CFLAGS, LDFLAGS, LIBS, and CC before
running `configure'. CPPFLAGS lists the options passed to the
preprocessor, CFLAGS are compilation options, LDFLAGS are options used
when linking, LIBS are libraries to link against, and CC is the
command which invokes the compiler.
Here's an example of a `configure' invocation which uses these
variables:
CPPFLAGS='-I/foo/myinclude' LDFLAGS='-L/bar/mylib' \
CFLAGS='-O3' LIBS='-lfoo -lbar' ./configure
(this is all one long line). This tells `configure' to instruct the
preprocessor to look in the `/foo/myinclude' directory for header
files (in addition to the standard directories), instruct the linker
to look in `/bar/mylib' for libraries, pass the -O3 optimization
switch to the compiler, and link against libfoo.a and libbar.a
libraries in addition to the standard ones.
The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the
distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called
"CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration