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etc/survival.tex
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etc/survival.tex
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%&tex
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%
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% Title: GNU Emacs Survival Card
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% Author: Wlodek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl>
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%
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% $Revision: 1.8 $
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% $Date: 2000/05/05 22:00:48 $
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%
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%**start of header
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% User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below
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%
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% \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 21}
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% \section{NAME}
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% optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space
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% \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or
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% \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function
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%
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% \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally
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\def\plainfmtname{plain}
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\ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname
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\else
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\errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly}
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\endinput
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\fi
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% Copyright (c) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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% This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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% GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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% any later version.
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% GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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% GNU General Public License for more details.
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% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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% along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
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% the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
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% Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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\def\versionnumber{1.0}
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\def\year{2000}
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\def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill
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\vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter
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Copyright \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break
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Version \versionnumber{} for GNU Emacs 21, April 2000\break
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Project W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl)
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Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of
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this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.\par}}
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\hsize 3.2in
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\vsize 7.95in
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\font\titlefont=cmss10 scaled 1200
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\font\headingfont=cmss10
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\font\smallfont=cmr6
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\font\smallsy=cmsy6
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\font\eightrm=cmr8
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\font\eightbf=cmbx8
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\font\eightit=cmti8
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\font\eighttt=cmtt8
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\font\eightmi=cmmi8
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\font\eightsy=cmsy8
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\font\eightss=cmss8
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\textfont0=\eightrm
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\textfont1=\eightmi
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\textfont2=\eightsy
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\def\rm{\eightrm} \rm
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\def\bf{\eightbf}
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\def\it{\eightit}
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\def\tt{\eighttt}
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\def\ss{\eightss}
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\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip
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\newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns
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\intercolumnskip=0.5in
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% The TeXbook, p. 257
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\let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn
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\output={\if L\lr
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\global\setbox\leftcolumn\columnbox \global\let\lr=R
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\else
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\doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi}
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\def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
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\leftline{\box\leftcolumn\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
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\makefootline}
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\advancepageno}
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\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
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\def\newcolumn{\vfil\eject}
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\def\bye{\par\vfil\supereject
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\if R\lr \null\vfil\eject\fi
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\end}
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\outer\def\title#1#2{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus 0.5ex
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\centerline{\ss#2}
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\vskip2\baselineskip}
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\outer\def\section#1{\filbreak
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\bskip
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\leftline{\headingfont #1}
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\askip}
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\def\bskip{\vskip 2.5ex plus 0.25ex }
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\def\askip{\vskip 0.75ex plus 0.25ex}
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\newdimen\defwidth \defwidth=0.25\hsize
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\def\hang{\hangindent\defwidth}
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\def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces}
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\def\key{\par\hangafter=0\hang\textindent}
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\def\mtextindent#1{\noindent\hbox{\tt#1\quad}\ignorespaces}
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\def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent}
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\def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= }
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\newdimen\raggedstretch
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\newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=0pt plus 1fil
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\def\nohyphens
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{\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000}
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\def\raggedspaces
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{\spaceskip=0.3333em\relax
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\xspaceskip=0.5em\relax}
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\def\raggedright
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{\raggedstretch=6em
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\nohyphens
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\rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch
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\raggedspaces
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\parfillskip=\raggedparfill
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\relax}
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\def\raggedcenter
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{\raggedstretch=6em
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\nohyphens
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\rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch
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\leftskip=\rightskip
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\raggedspaces
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\parfillskip=0pt
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\relax}
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\chardef\\=`\\
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\raggedright
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\nopagenumbers
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\parindent 0pt
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\interlinepenalty=10000
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\hoffset -0.2in
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%\voffset 0.2in
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%**end of header
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\title{GNU\ \ Emacs\ \ Survival\ \ Card}{for version 21}
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In the following, \kbd{C-z} means hit the `\kbd{z}' key while
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holding down the {\it Ctrl}\ \ key. \kbd{M-z} means hit the
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`\kbd{z}' key while hitting the {\it Meta\/} (labeled {\it Alt\/}
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on some keyboards) or after hitting {\it Esc\/} key.
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\section{Running Emacs}
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To enter GNU Emacs, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}.
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Emacs divides the frame into several areas:
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menu line,
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buffer area with the edited text,
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mode line describing the buffer in the window above it,
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and a minibuffer/echo area in the last line.
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\askip
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\key{C-x C-c} quit Emacs
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\key{C-x C-f} edit file; this command uses the minibuffer to read
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the file name; use this to create new files by entering the name
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of the new file
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\key{C-x C-s} save the file
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\key{C-x k} kill a buffer
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\key{C-g} in most context: cancel, stop, abort partially typed or
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executing command
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\key{C-x u} undo
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\section{Moving About}
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\key{C-l} scroll current line to center of window
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\key{C-x b} switch to another buffer
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\key{M-<} move to beginning of buffer
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\key{M->} move to end of buffer
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\key{M-x goto-line} go to a given line number
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\section{Multiple Windows}
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\key{C-x 0} remove the current window from the display
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\key{C-x 1} make active window the only window
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\key{C-x 2} split window horizontally
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\key{C-x 3} split window vertically
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\key{C-x o} move to other window
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\section{Regions}
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Emacs defines a `region' as the space between the {\it mark\/} and
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the {\it point}. A mark is set with \kbd{C-{\it space}}.
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The point is at the cursor position.
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\askip
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\key{M-h} mark entire paragraph
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\key{C-x h} mark entire buffer
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\section{Killing and Copying}
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\key{C-w} kill region
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\key{M-w} copy region to kill-ring
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\key{C-k} kill from the cursor all the way to the end of the line
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\key{M-DEL} kill word
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\key{C-y} yank back the last kill (\kbd{C-w C-y} combination could be
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used to move text around)
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\key{M-y} replace last yank with previous kill
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\section{Searching}
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\key{C-s} search for a string
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\key{C-r} search for a string backwards
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\key{RET} quit searching
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\key{M-C-s} regular expression search
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\key{M-C-r} reverse regular expression search
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\askip
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Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction.
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\section{Tags}
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Tags tables files record locations of function and
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procedure definitions, global variables, data types and anything
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else convenient. To create a tags table file, type
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`{\tt etags} {\it input\_files}' as a shell command.
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\askip
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\key{M-.} find a definition
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\key{C-u M-.} find next occurrence of definition
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\key{M-*} pop back to where \kbd{M-.} was last invoked
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\mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} run query-replace on all files
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recorded in tags table
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\key{M-,} continue last tags search or query-replace
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\section{Compiling}
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\key{M-x compile} compile code in active window
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\key{C-c C-c} go to the next compiler error, when in
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the compile window or
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\key{C-x `} when in the window with source code
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\section{Dired, the Directory Editor}
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\key{C-x d} invoke Dired
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\key{d} flag this file for deletion
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\key{\~{}} flag all backup files for deletion
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\key{u} remove deletion flag
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\key{x} delete the files flagged for deletion
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\key{C} copy file
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\key{g} update the Dired buffer
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\key{f} visit the file described on the current line
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\key{s} switch between alphabetical date/time order
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\section{Reading and Sending Mail}
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\key{M-x rmail} start reading mail
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\key{q} quit reading mail
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\key{h} show headers
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\key{d} mark the current message for deletion
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\key{x} remove all messages marked for deletion
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\key{C-x m} begin composing a message
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\key{C-c C-c} send the message and switch to another buffer
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\key{C-c C-f C-c} move to the `CC' header field, creating one
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if there is none
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\section{Miscellaneous}
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\key{M-q} fill paragraph
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\key{M-/} expand previous word dynamically
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\key{C-z} iconify (suspend) Emacs when running it under X or
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shell, respectively
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\mkey{M-x revert-buffer} replace the text being edited with the
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text of the file on disk
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\section{Query Replace}
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\key{M-\%} interactively search and replace
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\key{M-C-\%} using regular expressions
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\askip
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Valid responses in query-replace mode are
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\askip
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\key{SPC} replace this one, go on to next
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\key{,} replace this one, don't move
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\key{DEL} skip to next without replacing
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\key{!} replace all remaining matches
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\key{\^{}} back up to the previous match
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\key{RET} exit query-replace
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\key{C-r} enter recursive edit (\kbd{M-C-c} to exit)
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\section{Regular Expressions}
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\key{. {\rm(dot)}} any single character except a newline
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\key{*} zero or more repeats
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\key{+} one or more repeats
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\key{?} zero or one repeat
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\key{[$\ldots$]} denotes a class of character to match
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\key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} negates the class
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\key{\\{\it c}} quote characters otherwise having a special
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meaning in regular expressions
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\key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} matches one of
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the alternatives (``or'')
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\key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} groups a series of pattern elements to
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a single element
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\key{\\{\it n}} same text as {\it n\/}th group
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\key{\^{}} matches at line beginning
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\key{\$} matches at line end
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\key{\\w} matches word-syntax character
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\key{\\W} matches non-word-syntax character
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\key{\\<} matches at word beginning
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\key{\\>} matches at word end
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\key{\\b} matches at word break
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\key{\\B} matches at non-word break
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\section{Registers}
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\key{C-x r s} save region in register
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\key{C-x r i} insert register contents into buffer
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\key{C-x r SPC} save value of point in register
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\key{C-x r j} jump to point saved in register
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\section{Rectangles}
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\key{C-x r r} copy rectangle to register
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\key{C-x r k} kill rectangle
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\key{C-x r y} yank rectangle
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\key{C-x r t} prefix each line with a string
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\key{C-x r o} open rectangle, shifting text right
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\key{C-x r c} blank out rectangle
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\section{Shells}
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\key{M-x shell} start a shell within Emacs
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\key{M-!} execute a shell command
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\key{M-|} run a shell command on the region
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\key{C-u M-|} filter region through a shell command
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\section{Spelling Check}
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\key{M-\$} check spelling of word at the cursor
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\mkey{M-x ispell-region} check spelling of all words in region
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\mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} check spelling of entire buffer
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\section{International Character Sets}
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\key{C-x RET C-\\} select and activate input method for
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the current buffer
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\key{C-\\} enable or disable input method
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\mkey{M-x list-input-methods} show all input methods
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\mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specify principal language
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\key{C-x RET c} set coding system for next command
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\mkey{M-x find-file-literally} visit file with no conversion
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of any kind
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\mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} show all coding systems
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\mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} choose preferred coding system
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\section{Keyboard Macros}
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\key{C-x (} start defining a keyboard macro
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\key{C-x )} end keyboard macro definition
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\key{C-x e} execute last-defined keyboard macro
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\key{C-u C-x (} append to last keyboard macro
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\mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} name last keyboard macro
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\section{Simple Customization}
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\key{M-x customize} customize variables and faces
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\section{Getting Help}
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Emacs does command completion for you. Typing \kbd{M-x}
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{\it tab\/} or {\it space\/} gives a list of Emacs commands.
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\askip
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\key{C-h} Emacs help
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\key{C-h t} run the Emacs tutorial
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\key{C-h i} enter Info, the documentation browser
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\key{C-h a} show commands matching a string (apropos)
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\key{C-h k} display documentation of the function invoked by
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keystroke
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\askip
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Emacs gets into different {\it modes}, each of which customizes
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Emacs for editing text of a particular sort. The mode line
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contains names of the current modes, in parentheses.
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\askip
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\key{C-h m} get mode-specific information
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\copyrightnotice
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\bye
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% Local variables:
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% compile-command: "tex survival"
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% End:
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||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user