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Update MS Windows FAQ for MinGW64-w64/MSYS2

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* doc/misc/efaq-w32.texi (Compiling, Debugging): Mention
MinGW64-w64/MSYS2 as the preferred way for building Emacs on
capable systems.
(Attachments with Gnus): Catch up with emacs-mime.texi in the
example given.
(Spell check): Add the availability of GNU Aspell and Hunspell
in MSYS2 distribution.
(Other useful ports): Add an entry for MinGW64-w64/MSYS2.
Fix link for MinGW homepage.
Remove entry for defunct UWIN project.  (Bug#55930)
This commit is contained in:
Arash Esbati 2022-06-15 21:35:47 +02:00 committed by Eli Zaretskii
parent 4d7a936ac2
commit b0c5accb99
1 changed files with 63 additions and 48 deletions
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doc/misc/efaq-w32.texi
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@ -130,10 +130,8 @@ from Windows 98 onward, and all versions of the NT family starting
from NT 4.0; this includes all the modern versions from Windows XP and
on. The Windows port is built using the Win32 API and supports most
features of the X version, including variable width fonts, images and
tooltips.
Emacs on Windows can be compiled as either a 32-bit or a 64-bit
executable, using the MinGW GCC compiler and development tools.
tooltips. Emacs on Windows can be compiled as either a 64-bit or a
32-bit executable.
@node Other versions of Emacs
@section What other versions of Emacs run on Windows?
@ -177,8 +175,8 @@ best-effort basis in the @file{windows} subdirectory of the above ftp
site (as zip files digitally signed by the person who built them).
See the @file{README} file in that directory for more information.
Building Emacs from source yourself should be straightforward,
following the instructions in @file{nt/INSTALL}, so we encourage you
to give it a try. @xref{Compiling}.
following the instructions in the @file{nt} directory, so we
encourage you to give it a try. @xref{Compiling}.
@cindex latest development version of Emacs
@cindex Emacs Development
@ -190,21 +188,27 @@ development site.
@section How can I compile Emacs myself?
@cindex compiling Emacs
To compile Emacs on Windows, you will need the MinGW port of GCC and
Binutils, the MinGW runtime and development environment, and the MSYS
suite of tools. For the details, see the file @file{nt/INSTALL} in
the Emacs source distribution.
To compile Emacs on a 64-bit version of Windows 7 or newer, we
recommend to use the MinGW-w64 port of GCC and Binutils with the MSYS2
suite of tools. For the details, see the file @file{nt/INSTALL.W64}
in the Emacs source distribution.
If you need to build or run Emacs on MS Windows before Windows 7, you
have to use the MinGW port of GCC and the MSYS suite of tools. The
file @file{nt/INSTALL} in Emacs source distribution contains the
details.
Support for displaying images, as well as XML/HTML rendering and TLS
networking requires external libraries, the headers and import
libraries for which will need to be installed where your compiler can
find them. Again, the details, including URLs of sites where you can
download these libraries are in @file{nt/INSTALL}. @xref{Other useful
ports}, for auxiliary tools you may wish to install and use in
conjunction with Emacs.
download these libraries are in @file{nt/INSTALL.W64} or
@file{nt/INSTALL}. @xref{Other useful ports}, for auxiliary tools you
may wish to install and use in conjunction with Emacs.
After unpacking the source, or checking out of the repository, be sure
to read the instructions in @file{nt/README} and @file{nt/INSTALL}.
to read the instructions in @file{nt/README} and the respective
install file.
@node Debugging
@section How do I use a debugger on Emacs?
@ -222,18 +226,18 @@ specific notes about debugging Emacs.
@cindex debugging Emacs with GDB
GDB is the GNU debugger, which can be used to debug Emacs when it has
been compiled with MinGW GCC@. The best results will be obtained if
you start gdb from the @file{src} directory as @kbd{gdb ./emacs.exe}.
been compiled with GCC@. The best results will be obtained if you
start gdb from the @file{src} directory as @kbd{gdb ./emacs.exe}.
This will load the init file @file{.gdbinit}@footnote{
Latest versions of GDB might refuse to load the init file for security
reasons, unless you customize GDB; alternatively, use an explicit
@kbd{source ./gdbinit} command after entering GDB.
} in that directory, to define some extra commands for working with
lisp while debugging, and set up breakpoints to catch abnormal
aborts.
lisp while debugging, and set up breakpoints to catch abnormal aborts.
A Windows port of GDB can be found on MinGW download sites and on some
others.
A Windows port of GDB is installed with MinGW64-w64 and MSYS2
(@samp{mingw-w64-<arch>-toolchain} group) or can be found on MinGW
download sites and on some others.
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
@node Installing Emacs
@ -307,8 +311,8 @@ bsdtar -xf emacs-@value{EMACSVER}.tar.xz
Expect @command{bsdtar} to unpack the whole distribution without any
complaints.
Once you unpack the source distribution, look in @file{nt/INSTALL}
file for build instructions.
Once you unpack the source distribution, look in the @file{nt}
directory for build instructions.
@node Installing binaries
@section How do I install Emacs after unpacking the binary zip?
@ -1645,8 +1649,8 @@ obtained the packages from if you want to use them.
In your @env{HOME} directory create a file called @file{.mailcap},
with contents like the following:
@example
application/zip "C:/Program Files/7-Zip/7zFM.exe"
video/* "C:/Program Files/VideoLAN/VLC/vlc.exe"
application/zip; "C:/Program Files/7-Zip/7zFM.exe"
video/*; "C:/Program Files/VideoLAN/VLC/vlc.exe"
@end example
@strong{Warning:} Associating MIME types with @command{start} or other
@ -1754,11 +1758,13 @@ A number of implementations are listed on the
Emacs has support for spell checking on demand (@code{ispell}) and as
your type (@code{flyspell}). Both packages depend on a copy of
@command{ispell} 3.2 or a compatible spell-checking program.
GNU Aspell is a popular choice these days, Windows installers are
available from the @uref{http://aspell.net/win32/, official site}.
GNU Aspell is a popular choice these days, outdated Windows installers
are available from the @uref{http://aspell.net/win32/, official site}.
Another possibility is Hunspell, which is available from
@uref{https://sourceforge.net/projects/ezwinports/files/?source=navbar,
the ezwinports site}.
the ezwinports site}. If you're using the MSYS2 distribution, you can
install a recent version of either GNU Aspell or Hunspell through the
package manager Pacman. @xref{Other useful ports}.
Once installed, you will need to configure @code{ispell-program-name}
to tell ispell and flyspell to use @command{aspell} or
@ -2098,7 +2104,7 @@ suggestions} for improving the interaction of perldb and Emacs.
* Cygwin::
* MinGW::
* EZWinPorts::
* UWIN::
* MinGW-w64::
* GnuWin32::
* GTK::
* Read man pages::
@ -2133,22 +2139,25 @@ Cygwin on your system @env{PATH} for this reason. Instead you can
make the Cygwin tools available within Emacs by setting @code{exec-path}
in your init file.
@node MinGW
@section MinGW and MSYS
@cindex mingw tools
@cindex msys environment
@cindex subprocesses, mingw and msys
@node MinGW-w64
@section MinGW-w64 and MSYS2
@cindex mingw-w64 tools
@cindex msys2 environment
@cindex subprocesses, mingw-w64 and msys2
@uref{http://www.mingw.org/}
@uref{https://www.msys2.org/}
MinGW is a set of development tools that produce native Windows
MinGW-w64 is a set of development tools that produce native Windows
executables, not dependent on Cygwin's POSIX emulation DLLs.
MinGW-w64 has forked the original MinGW in 2007 in order to provide
support for 64 bits and new APIs.
MSYS is a POSIX shell and minimal set of tools that are commonly used in
configure scripts. Like Cygwin, this environment uses a non-native
filesystem mapping to appear more POSIX like to the scripts that it
runs. This is intended to complement the MinGW tools to make it easier
to port software to Windows.
MSYS2 is software distribution and a building platform for Windows.
MSYS2 is an independent rewrite of MSYS, based on modern Cygwin and
MinGW-w64 with the aim of better interoperability with native Windows
software. It plays the same role MSYS does in MinGW. Being a
distribution, MSYS2 provides tools to build software as well as more
than 2.600 precompiled packages ready for use.
@node EZWinPorts
@section EZWinPorts
@ -2161,16 +2170,22 @@ software. This includes all the optional libraries used by Emacs
@command{man} command, Grep, xz, bzip2, bsdtar, ID Utils, Findutils,
Hunspell, Gawk, GNU Make, Groff, GDB.
@node UWIN
@section UWIN
@cindex uwin environment
@cindex subprocesses, uwin
@node MinGW
@section MinGW and MSYS
@cindex mingw tools
@cindex msys environment
@cindex subprocesses, mingw and msys
@uref{http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/uwin/}
@uref{https://osdn.net/projects/mingw/}
UWIN is another POSIX emulation environment, like Cygwin and MSYS,
that provides a large number of ported tools. The shell used by UWIN
is @command{ksh}, the Korn shell.
MinGW is another set of development tools that produce native Windows
executables, not dependent on Cygwin's POSIX emulation DLLs.
MSYS is a POSIX shell and minimal set of tools that are commonly used in
configure scripts. Like Cygwin, this environment uses a non-native
filesystem mapping to appear more POSIX like to the scripts that it
runs. This is intended to complement the MinGW tools to make it easier
to port software to Windows.
@node GnuWin32
@section GnuWin32