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979 lines
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979 lines
36 KiB
Plaintext
@c -*-texinfo-*-
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@c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
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@c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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@c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
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@node Calendar, System Interface, Display, Top
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@chapter Customizing the Calendar and Diary
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There are many customizations that you can use to make the calendar and
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diary suit your personal tastes.
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@menu
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* Calendar Customizing:: Defaults you can set.
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* Holiday Customizing:: Defining your own holidays.
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* Date Display Format:: Changing the format.
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* Time Display Format:: Changing the format.
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* Daylight Savings:: Changing the default.
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* Diary Customizing:: Defaults you can set.
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* Hebrew/Islamic Entries:: How to obtain them.
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* Fancy Diary Display:: Enhancing the diary display, sorting entries,
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using included diary files.
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* Sexp Diary Entries:: Fancy things you can do.
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* Appt Customizing:: Customizing appointment reminders.
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@end menu
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@node Calendar Customizing
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@section Customizing the Calendar
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@vindex view-diary-entries-initially
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If you set the variable @code{view-diary-entries-initially} to
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@code{t}, calling up the calendar automatically displays the diary
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entries for the current date as well. The diary dates appear only if
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the current date is visible. If you add both of the following lines to
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your init file:@refill
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@example
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(setq view-diary-entries-initially t)
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(calendar)
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@end example
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@noindent
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this displays both the calendar and diary windows whenever you start Emacs.
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@vindex view-calendar-holidays-initially
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Similarly, if you set the variable
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@code{view-calendar-holidays-initially} to @code{t}, entering the
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calendar automatically displays a list of holidays for the current
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three-month period. The holiday list appears in a separate
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window.
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@vindex mark-diary-entries-in-calendar
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You can set the variable @code{mark-diary-entries-in-calendar} to
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@code{t} in order to mark any dates with diary entries. This takes
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effect whenever the calendar window contents are recomputed. There are
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two ways of marking these dates: by changing the face (@pxref{Faces}),
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if the display supports that, or by placing a plus sign (@samp{+})
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beside the date otherwise.
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@vindex mark-holidays-in-calendar
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Similarly, setting the variable @code{mark-holidays-in-calendar} to
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@code{t} marks holiday dates, either with a change of face or with an
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asterisk (@samp{*}).
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@vindex calendar-holiday-marker
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@vindex diary-entry-marker
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The variable @code{calendar-holiday-marker} specifies how to mark a
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date as being a holiday. Its value may be a character to insert next to
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the date, or a face name to use for displaying the date. Likewise, the
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variable @code{diary-entry-marker} specifies how to mark a date that has
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diary entries. The calendar creates faces named @code{holiday-face} and
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@code{diary-face} for these purposes; those symbols are the default
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values of these variables, when Emacs supports multiple faces on your
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terminal.
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@vindex calendar-load-hook
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The variable @code{calendar-load-hook} is a normal hook run when the
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calendar package is first loaded (before actually starting to display
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the calendar).
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@vindex initial-calendar-window-hook
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Starting the calendar runs the normal hook
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@code{initial-calendar-window-hook}. Recomputation of the calendar
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display does not run this hook. But if you leave the calendar with the
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@kbd{q} command and reenter it, the hook runs again.@refill
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@vindex today-visible-calendar-hook
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The variable @code{today-visible-calendar-hook} is a normal hook run
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after the calendar buffer has been prepared with the calendar when the
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current date is visible in the window. One use of this hook is to
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replace today's date with asterisks; to do that, use the hook function
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@code{calendar-star-date}.
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@findex calendar-star-date
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@example
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(add-hook 'today-visible-calendar-hook 'calendar-star-date)
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@end example
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@noindent
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Another standard hook function marks the current date, either by
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changing its face or by adding an asterisk. Here's how to use it:
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@findex calendar-mark-today
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@example
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(add-hook 'today-visible-calendar-hook 'calendar-mark-today)
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@end example
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@noindent
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@vindex calendar-today-marker
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The variable @code{calendar-today-marker} specifies how to mark today's
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date. Its value should be a character to insert next to the date or a
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face name to use for displaying the date. A face named
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@code{calendar-today-face} is provided for this purpose; that symbol is
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the default for this variable when Emacs supports multiple faces on your
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terminal.
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@vindex today-invisible-calendar-hook
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@noindent
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A similar normal hook, @code{today-invisible-calendar-hook} is run if
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the current date is @emph{not} visible in the window.
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@vindex calendar-move-hook
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Starting in Emacs 21, each of the calendar cursor motion commands
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runs the hook @code{calendar-move-hook} after it moves the cursor.
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@node Holiday Customizing
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@section Customizing the Holidays
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@vindex calendar-holidays
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@vindex christian-holidays
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@vindex hebrew-holidays
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@vindex islamic-holidays
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Emacs knows about holidays defined by entries on one of several lists.
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You can customize these lists of holidays to your own needs, adding or
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deleting holidays. The lists of holidays that Emacs uses are for
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general holidays (@code{general-holidays}), local holidays
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(@code{local-holidays}), Christian holidays (@code{christian-holidays}),
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Hebrew (Jewish) holidays (@code{hebrew-holidays}), Islamic (Moslem)
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holidays (@code{islamic-holidays}), and other holidays
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(@code{other-holidays}).
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@vindex general-holidays
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The general holidays are, by default, holidays common throughout the
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United States. To eliminate these holidays, set @code{general-holidays}
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to @code{nil}.
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@vindex local-holidays
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There are no default local holidays (but sites may supply some). You
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can set the variable @code{local-holidays} to any list of holidays, as
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described below.
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@vindex all-christian-calendar-holidays
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@vindex all-hebrew-calendar-holidays
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@vindex all-islamic-calendar-holidays
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By default, Emacs does not include all the holidays of the religions
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that it knows, only those commonly found in secular calendars. For a
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more extensive collection of religious holidays, you can set any (or
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all) of the variables @code{all-christian-calendar-holidays},
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@code{all-hebrew-calendar-holidays}, or
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@code{all-islamic-calendar-holidays} to @code{t}. If you want to
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eliminate the religious holidays, set any or all of the corresponding
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variables @code{christian-holidays}, @code{hebrew-holidays}, and
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@code{islamic-holidays} to @code{nil}.@refill
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@vindex other-holidays
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You can set the variable @code{other-holidays} to any list of
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holidays. This list, normally empty, is intended for individual use.
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@cindex holiday forms
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Each of the lists (@code{general-holidays}, @code{local-holidays},
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@code{christian-holidays}, @code{hebrew-holidays},
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@code{islamic-holidays}, and @code{other-holidays}) is a list of
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@dfn{holiday forms}, each holiday form describing a holiday (or
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sometimes a list of holidays).
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Here is a table of the possible kinds of holiday form. Day numbers
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and month numbers count starting from 1, but ``dayname'' numbers
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count Sunday as 0. The element @var{string} is always the
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name of the holiday, as a string.
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@table @code
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@item (holiday-fixed @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
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A fixed date on the Gregorian calendar.
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@item (holiday-float @var{month} @var{dayname} @var{k} @var{string})
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The @var{k}th @var{dayname} in @var{month} on the Gregorian calendar
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(@var{dayname}=0 for Sunday, and so on); negative @var{k} means count back
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from the end of the month.
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@item (holiday-hebrew @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
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A fixed date on the Hebrew calendar.
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@item (holiday-islamic @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
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A fixed date on the Islamic calendar.
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@item (holiday-julian @var{month} @var{day} @var{string})
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A fixed date on the Julian calendar.
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@item (holiday-sexp @var{sexp} @var{string})
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A date calculated by the Lisp expression @var{sexp}. The expression
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should use the variable @code{year} to compute and return the date of a
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holiday, or @code{nil} if the holiday doesn't happen this year. The
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value of @var{sexp} must represent the date as a list of the form
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@code{(@var{month} @var{day} @var{year})}.
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@item (if @var{condition} @var{holiday-form})
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A holiday that happens only if @var{condition} is true.
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@item (@var{function} @r{[}@var{args}@r{]})
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A list of dates calculated by the function @var{function}, called with
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arguments @var{args}.
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@end table
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For example, suppose you want to add Bastille Day, celebrated in
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France on July 14. You can do this as follows:
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@smallexample
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(setq other-holidays '((holiday-fixed 7 14 "Bastille Day")))
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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The holiday form @code{(holiday-fixed 7 14 "Bastille Day")} specifies the
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fourteenth day of the seventh month (July).
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Many holidays occur on a specific day of the week, at a specific time
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of month. Here is a holiday form describing Hurricane Supplication Day,
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celebrated in the Virgin Islands on the fourth Monday in August:
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@smallexample
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(holiday-float 8 1 4 "Hurricane Supplication Day")
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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Here the 8 specifies August, the 1 specifies Monday (Sunday is 0,
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Tuesday is 2, and so on), and the 4 specifies the fourth occurrence in
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the month (1 specifies the first occurrence, 2 the second occurrence,
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@minus{}1 the last occurrence, @minus{}2 the second-to-last occurrence, and
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so on).
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You can specify holidays that occur on fixed days of the Hebrew,
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Islamic, and Julian calendars too. For example,
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@smallexample
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(setq other-holidays
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'((holiday-hebrew 10 2 "Last day of Hanukkah")
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(holiday-islamic 3 12 "Mohammed's Birthday")
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(holiday-julian 4 2 "Jefferson's Birthday")))
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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adds the last day of Hanukkah (since the Hebrew months are numbered with
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1 starting from Nisan), the Islamic feast celebrating Mohammed's
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birthday (since the Islamic months are numbered from 1 starting with
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Muharram), and Thomas Jefferson's birthday, which is 2 April 1743 on the
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Julian calendar.
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To include a holiday conditionally, use either Emacs Lisp's @code{if} or the
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@code{holiday-sexp} form. For example, American presidential elections
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occur on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November of years
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divisible by 4:
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@smallexample
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(holiday-sexp (if (= 0 (% year 4))
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(calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
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(1+ (calendar-dayname-on-or-before
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1 (+ 6 (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
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(list 11 1 year))))))
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"US Presidential Election"))
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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or
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@smallexample
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(if (= 0 (% displayed-year 4))
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(fixed 11
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(extract-calendar-day
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(calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
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(1+ (calendar-dayname-on-or-before
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1 (+ 6 (calendar-absolute-from-gregorian
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(list 11 1 displayed-year)))))))
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"US Presidential Election"))
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@end smallexample
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Some holidays just don't fit into any of these forms because special
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calculations are involved in their determination. In such cases you
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must write a Lisp function to do the calculation. To include eclipses,
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for example, add @code{(eclipses)} to @code{other-holidays}
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and write an Emacs Lisp function @code{eclipses} that returns a
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(possibly empty) list of the relevant Gregorian dates among the range
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visible in the calendar window, with descriptive strings, like this:
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@smallexample
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(((6 27 1991) "Lunar Eclipse") ((7 11 1991) "Solar Eclipse") ... )
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@end smallexample
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@node Date Display Format
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@section Date Display Format
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@vindex calendar-date-display-form
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You can customize the manner of displaying dates in the diary, in mode
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lines, and in messages by setting @code{calendar-date-display-form}.
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This variable holds a list of expressions that can involve the variables
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@code{month}, @code{day}, and @code{year}, which are all numbers in
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string form, and @code{monthname} and @code{dayname}, which are both
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alphabetic strings. In the American style, the default value of this
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list is as follows:
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@smallexample
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((if dayname (concat dayname ", ")) monthname " " day ", " year)
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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while in the European style this value is the default:
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@smallexample
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((if dayname (concat dayname ", ")) day " " monthname " " year)
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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The ISO standard date representation is this:
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@smallexample
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(year "-" month "-" day)
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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This specifies a typical American format:
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@smallexample
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(month "/" day "/" (substring year -2))
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@end smallexample
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@node Time Display Format
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@section Time Display Format
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@vindex calendar-time-display-form
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The calendar and diary by default display times of day in the
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conventional American style with the hours from 1 through 12, minutes,
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and either @samp{am} or @samp{pm}. If you prefer the European style,
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also known in the US as military, in which the hours go from 00 to 23,
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you can alter the variable @code{calendar-time-display-form}. This
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variable is a list of expressions that can involve the variables
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@code{12-hours}, @code{24-hours}, and @code{minutes}, which are all
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numbers in string form, and @code{am-pm} and @code{time-zone}, which are
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both alphabetic strings. The default value of
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@code{calendar-time-display-form} is as follows:
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@smallexample
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(12-hours ":" minutes am-pm
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(if time-zone " (") time-zone (if time-zone ")"))
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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Here is a value that provides European style times:
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@smallexample
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(24-hours ":" minutes
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(if time-zone " (") time-zone (if time-zone ")"))
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@end smallexample
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@node Daylight Savings
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@section Daylight Savings Time
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@cindex daylight savings time
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Emacs understands the difference between standard time and daylight
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savings time---the times given for sunrise, sunset, solstices,
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equinoxes, and the phases of the moon take that into account. The rules
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for daylight savings time vary from place to place and have also varied
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historically from year to year. To do the job properly, Emacs needs to
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know which rules to use.
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Some operating systems keep track of the rules that apply to the place
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where you are; on these systems, Emacs gets the information it needs
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from the system automatically. If some or all of this information is
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missing, Emacs fills in the gaps with the rules currently used in
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Cambridge, Massachusetts, which is the center of GNU's world.
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@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts
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@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends
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If the default choice of rules is not appropriate for your location,
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you can tell Emacs the rules to use by setting the variables
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@code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} and
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@code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends}. Their values should be Lisp
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expressions that refer to the variable @code{year}, and evaluate to the
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Gregorian date on which daylight savings time starts or (respectively)
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ends, in the form of a list @code{(@var{month} @var{day} @var{year})}.
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The values should be @code{nil} if your area does not use daylight
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savings time.
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Emacs uses these expressions to determine the start and end dates of
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daylight savings time as holidays and for correcting times of day in the
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solar and lunar calculations.
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The values for Cambridge, Massachusetts are as follows:
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@example
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@group
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(calendar-nth-named-day 1 0 4 year)
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(calendar-nth-named-day -1 0 10 year)
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@end group
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@end example
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@noindent
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i.e., the first 0th day (Sunday) of the fourth month (April) in
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the year specified by @code{year}, and the last Sunday of the tenth month
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(October) of that year. If daylight savings time were
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changed to start on October 1, you would set
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@code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} to this:
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@example
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(list 10 1 year)
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@end example
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For a more complex example, suppose daylight savings time begins on
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the first of Nisan on the Hebrew calendar. You should set
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@code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts} to this value:
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@example
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(calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
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(calendar-absolute-from-hebrew
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(list 1 1 (+ year 3760))))
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@end example
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@noindent
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because Nisan is the first month in the Hebrew calendar and the Hebrew
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year differs from the Gregorian year by 3760 at Nisan.
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If there is no daylight savings time at your location, or if you want
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all times in standard time, set @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts}
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and @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends} to @code{nil}.
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@vindex calendar-daylight-time-offset
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The variable @code{calendar-daylight-time-offset} specifies the
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difference between daylight savings time and standard time, measured in
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minutes. The value for Cambridge is 60.
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@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-starts-time
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@vindex calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time
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The variable @code{calendar-daylight-savings-starts-time} and the
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variable @code{calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time} specify the number
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of minutes after midnight local time when the transition to and from
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daylight savings time should occur. For Cambridge, both variables'
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values are 120.
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@node Diary Customizing
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@section Customizing the Diary
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@vindex holidays-in-diary-buffer
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Ordinarily, the mode line of the diary buffer window indicates any
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holidays that fall on the date of the diary entries. The process of
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checking for holidays can take several seconds, so including holiday
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information delays the display of the diary buffer noticeably. If you'd
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prefer to have a faster display of the diary buffer but without the
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holiday information, set the variable @code{holidays-in-diary-buffer} to
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@code{nil}.@refill
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@vindex number-of-diary-entries
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The variable @code{number-of-diary-entries} controls the number of
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days of diary entries to be displayed at one time. It affects the
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initial display when @code{view-diary-entries-initially} is @code{t}, as
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well as the command @kbd{M-x diary}. For example, the default value is
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1, which says to display only the current day's diary entries. If the
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value is 2, both the current day's and the next day's entries are
|
|
displayed. The value can also be a vector of seven elements: for
|
|
example, if the value is @code{[0 2 2 2 2 4 1]} then no diary entries
|
|
appear on Sunday, the current date's and the next day's diary entries
|
|
appear Monday through Thursday, Friday through Monday's entries appear
|
|
on Friday, while on Saturday only that day's entries appear.
|
|
|
|
@vindex print-diary-entries-hook
|
|
@findex print-diary-entries
|
|
The variable @code{print-diary-entries-hook} is a normal hook run
|
|
after preparation of a temporary buffer containing just the diary
|
|
entries currently visible in the diary buffer. (The other, irrelevant
|
|
diary entries are really absent from the temporary buffer; in the diary
|
|
buffer, they are merely hidden.) The default value of this hook does
|
|
the printing with the command @code{lpr-buffer}. If you want to use a
|
|
different command to do the printing, just change the value of this
|
|
hook. Other uses might include, for example, rearranging the lines into
|
|
order by day and time.
|
|
|
|
@vindex diary-date-forms
|
|
You can customize the form of dates in your diary file, if neither the
|
|
standard American nor European styles suits your needs, by setting the
|
|
variable @code{diary-date-forms}. This variable is a list of patterns
|
|
for recognizing a date. Each date pattern is a list whose elements may
|
|
be regular expressions (@pxref{Regular Expressions}) or the symbols
|
|
@code{month}, @code{day}, @code{year}, @code{monthname}, and
|
|
@code{dayname}. All these elements serve as patterns that match certain
|
|
kinds of text in the diary file. In order for the date pattern, as a
|
|
whole, to match, all of its elements must match consecutively.
|
|
|
|
A regular expression in a date pattern matches in its usual fashion,
|
|
using the standard syntax table altered so that @samp{*} is a word
|
|
constituent.
|
|
|
|
The symbols @code{month}, @code{day}, @code{year}, @code{monthname},
|
|
and @code{dayname} match the month number, day number, year number,
|
|
month name, and day name of the date being considered. The symbols that
|
|
match numbers allow leading zeros; those that match names allow
|
|
three-letter abbreviations and capitalization. All the symbols can
|
|
match @samp{*}; since @samp{*} in a diary entry means ``any day'', ``any
|
|
month'', and so on, it should match regardless of the date being
|
|
considered.
|
|
|
|
The default value of @code{diary-date-forms} in the American style is
|
|
this:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
((month "/" day "[^/0-9]")
|
|
(month "/" day "/" year "[^0-9]")
|
|
(monthname " *" day "[^,0-9]")
|
|
(monthname " *" day ", *" year "[^0-9]")
|
|
(dayname "\\W"))
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The date patterns in the list must be @emph{mutually exclusive} and
|
|
must not match any portion of the diary entry itself, just the date and
|
|
one character of whitespace. If, to be mutually exclusive, the pattern
|
|
must match a portion of the diary entry text---beyond the whitespace
|
|
that ends the date---then the first element of the date pattern
|
|
@emph{must} be @code{backup}. This causes the date recognizer to back
|
|
up to the beginning of the current word of the diary entry, after
|
|
finishing the match. Even if you use @code{backup}, the date pattern
|
|
must absolutely not match more than a portion of the first word of the
|
|
diary entry. The default value of @code{diary-date-forms} in the
|
|
European style is this list:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
((day "/" month "[^/0-9]")
|
|
(day "/" month "/" year "[^0-9]")
|
|
(backup day " *" monthname "\\W+\\<[^*0-9]")
|
|
(day " *" monthname " *" year "[^0-9]")
|
|
(dayname "\\W"))
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Notice the use of @code{backup} in the third pattern, because it needs
|
|
to match part of a word beyond the date itself to distinguish it from
|
|
the fourth pattern.
|
|
|
|
@node Hebrew/Islamic Entries
|
|
@section Hebrew- and Islamic-Date Diary Entries
|
|
|
|
Your diary file can have entries based on Hebrew or Islamic dates, as
|
|
well as entries based on the world-standard Gregorian calendar.
|
|
However, because recognition of such entries is time-consuming and most
|
|
people don't use them, you must explicitly enable their use. If you
|
|
want the diary to recognize Hebrew-date diary entries, for example,
|
|
you must do this:
|
|
|
|
@vindex nongregorian-diary-listing-hook
|
|
@vindex nongregorian-diary-marking-hook
|
|
@findex list-hebrew-diary-entries
|
|
@findex mark-hebrew-diary-entries
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
(add-hook 'nongregorian-diary-listing-hook 'list-hebrew-diary-entries)
|
|
(add-hook 'nongregorian-diary-marking-hook 'mark-hebrew-diary-entries)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
If you want Islamic-date entries, do this:
|
|
|
|
@findex list-islamic-diary-entries
|
|
@findex mark-islamic-diary-entries
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
(add-hook 'nongregorian-diary-listing-hook 'list-islamic-diary-entries)
|
|
(add-hook 'nongregorian-diary-marking-hook 'mark-islamic-diary-entries)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
Hebrew- and Islamic-date diary entries have the same formats as
|
|
Gregorian-date diary entries, except that @samp{H} precedes a Hebrew
|
|
date and @samp{I} precedes an Islamic date. Moreover, because the
|
|
Hebrew and Islamic month names are not uniquely specified by the first
|
|
three letters, you may not abbreviate them. For example, a diary entry
|
|
for the Hebrew date Heshvan 25 could look like this:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
HHeshvan 25 Happy Hebrew birthday!
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
and would appear in the diary for any date that corresponds to Heshvan 25
|
|
on the Hebrew calendar. And here is an Islamic-date diary entry that matches
|
|
Dhu al-Qada 25:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
IDhu al-Qada 25 Happy Islamic birthday!
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
As with Gregorian-date diary entries, Hebrew- and Islamic-date entries
|
|
are nonmarking if they are preceded with an ampersand (@samp{&}).
|
|
|
|
Here is a table of commands used in the calendar to create diary entries
|
|
that match the selected date and other dates that are similar in the Hebrew
|
|
or Islamic calendar:
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item i h d
|
|
Add a diary entry for the Hebrew date corresponding to the selected date
|
|
(@code{insert-hebrew-diary-entry}).
|
|
@item i h m
|
|
Add a diary entry for the day of the Hebrew month corresponding to the
|
|
selected date (@code{insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry}). This diary
|
|
entry matches any date that has the same Hebrew day-within-month as the
|
|
selected date.
|
|
@item i h y
|
|
Add a diary entry for the day of the Hebrew year corresponding to the
|
|
selected date (@code{insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry}). This diary
|
|
entry matches any date which has the same Hebrew month and day-within-month
|
|
as the selected date.
|
|
@item i i d
|
|
Add a diary entry for the Islamic date corresponding to the selected date
|
|
(@code{insert-islamic-diary-entry}).
|
|
@item i i m
|
|
Add a diary entry for the day of the Islamic month corresponding to the
|
|
selected date (@code{insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry}).
|
|
@item i i y
|
|
Add a diary entry for the day of the Islamic year corresponding to the
|
|
selected date (@code{insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@findex insert-hebrew-diary-entry
|
|
@findex insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry
|
|
@findex insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry
|
|
@findex insert-islamic-diary-entry
|
|
@findex insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry
|
|
@findex insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry
|
|
These commands work much like the corresponding commands for ordinary
|
|
diary entries: they apply to the date that point is on in the calendar
|
|
window, and what they do is insert just the date portion of a diary entry
|
|
at the end of your diary file. You must then insert the rest of the
|
|
diary entry.
|
|
|
|
@node Fancy Diary Display
|
|
@section Fancy Diary Display
|
|
@vindex diary-display-hook
|
|
@findex simple-diary-display
|
|
|
|
Diary display works by preparing the diary buffer and then running the
|
|
hook @code{diary-display-hook}. The default value of this hook
|
|
(@code{simple-diary-display}) hides the irrelevant diary entries and
|
|
then displays the buffer. However, if you specify the hook as follows,
|
|
|
|
@cindex diary buffer
|
|
@findex fancy-diary-display
|
|
@example
|
|
(add-hook 'diary-display-hook 'fancy-diary-display)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
this enables fancy diary display. It displays diary entries and
|
|
holidays by copying them into a special buffer that exists only for the
|
|
sake of display. Copying to a separate buffer provides an opportunity
|
|
to change the displayed text to make it prettier---for example, to sort
|
|
the entries by the dates they apply to.
|
|
|
|
As with simple diary display, you can print a hard copy of the buffer
|
|
with @code{print-diary-entries}. To print a hard copy of a day-by-day
|
|
diary for a week, position point on Sunday of that week, type
|
|
@kbd{7 d}, and then do @kbd{M-x print-diary-entries}. As usual, the
|
|
inclusion of the holidays slows down the display slightly; you can speed
|
|
things up by setting the variable @code{holidays-in-diary-buffer} to
|
|
@code{nil}.
|
|
|
|
@vindex diary-list-include-blanks
|
|
Ordinarily, the fancy diary buffer does not show days for which there are
|
|
no diary entries, even if that day is a holiday. If you want such days to be
|
|
shown in the fancy diary buffer, set the variable
|
|
@code{diary-list-include-blanks} to @code{t}.@refill
|
|
|
|
@cindex sorting diary entries
|
|
If you use the fancy diary display, you can use the normal hook
|
|
@code{list-diary-entries-hook} to sort each day's diary entries by their
|
|
time of day. Here's how:
|
|
|
|
@findex sort-diary-entries
|
|
@example
|
|
(add-hook 'list-diary-entries-hook 'sort-diary-entries t)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
For each day, this sorts diary entries that begin with a recognizable
|
|
time of day according to their times. Diary entries without times come
|
|
first within each day.
|
|
|
|
Fancy diary display also has the ability to process included diary
|
|
files. This permits a group of people to share a diary file for events
|
|
that apply to all of them. Lines in the diary file of this form:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
#include "@var{filename}"
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
includes the diary entries from the file @var{filename} in the fancy
|
|
diary buffer. The include mechanism is recursive, so that included files
|
|
can include other files, and so on; you must be careful not to have a
|
|
cycle of inclusions, of course. Here is how to enable the include
|
|
facility:
|
|
|
|
@vindex list-diary-entries-hook
|
|
@vindex mark-diary-entries-hook
|
|
@findex include-other-diary-files
|
|
@findex mark-included-diary-files
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
(add-hook 'list-diary-entries-hook 'include-other-diary-files)
|
|
(add-hook 'mark-diary-entries-hook 'mark-included-diary-files)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
The include mechanism works only with the fancy diary display, because
|
|
ordinary diary display shows the entries directly from your diary file.
|
|
|
|
@node Sexp Diary Entries
|
|
@section Sexp Entries and the Fancy Diary Display
|
|
@cindex sexp diary entries
|
|
|
|
Sexp diary entries allow you to do more than just have complicated
|
|
conditions under which a diary entry applies. If you use the fancy
|
|
diary display, sexp entries can generate the text of the entry depending
|
|
on the date itself. For example, an anniversary diary entry can insert
|
|
the number of years since the anniversary date into the text of the
|
|
diary entry. Thus the @samp{%d} in this dairy entry:
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-anniversary
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-anniversary 10 31 1948) Arthur's birthday (%d years old)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
gets replaced by the age, so on October 31, 1990 the entry appears in
|
|
the fancy diary buffer like this:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Arthur's birthday (42 years old)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
If the diary file instead contains this entry:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-anniversary 10 31 1948) Arthur's %d%s birthday
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
the entry in the fancy diary buffer for October 31, 1990 appears like this:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Arthur's 42nd birthday
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
Similarly, cyclic diary entries can interpolate the number of repetitions
|
|
that have occurred:
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-cyclic
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-cyclic 50 1 1 1990) Renew medication (%d%s time)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
looks like this:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Renew medication (5th time)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
in the fancy diary display on September 8, 1990.
|
|
|
|
There is an early reminder diary sexp that includes its entry in the
|
|
diary not only on the date of occurrence, but also on earlier dates.
|
|
For example, if you want a reminder a week before your anniversary, you
|
|
can use
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-remind
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-remind '(diary-anniversary 12 22 1968) 7) Ed's anniversary
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
and the fancy diary will show
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Ed's anniversary
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
@noindent
|
|
both on December 15 and on December 22.
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-date
|
|
The function @code{diary-date} applies to dates described by a month,
|
|
day, year combination, each of which can be an integer, a list of
|
|
integers, or @code{t}. The value @code{t} means all values. For
|
|
example,
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-date '(10 11 12) 22 t) Rake leaves
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
causes the fancy diary to show
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Rake leaves
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
on October 22, November 22, and December 22 of every year.
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-float
|
|
The function @code{diary-float} allows you to describe diary entries
|
|
that apply to dates like the third Friday of November, or the last
|
|
Tuesday in April. The parameters are the @var{month}, @var{dayname},
|
|
and an index @var{n}. The entry appears on the @var{n}th @var{dayname}
|
|
of @var{month}, where @var{dayname}=0 means Sunday, 1 means Monday, and
|
|
so on. If @var{n} is negative it counts backward from the end of
|
|
@var{month}. The value of @var{month} can be a list of months, a single
|
|
month, or @code{t} to specify all months. You can also use an optional
|
|
parameter @var{day} to specify the @var{n}th @var{dayname} of
|
|
@var{month} on or after/before @var{day}; the value of @var{day} defaults
|
|
to 1 if @var{n} is positive and to the last day of @var{month} if
|
|
@var{n} is negative. For example,
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
%%(diary-float t 1 -1) Pay rent
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
causes the fancy diary to show
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Pay rent
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
on the last Monday of every month.
|
|
|
|
The generality of sexp diary entries lets you specify any diary entry
|
|
that you can describe algorithmically. A sexp diary entry contains an
|
|
expression that computes whether the entry applies to any given date.
|
|
If its value is non-@code{nil}, the entry applies to that date;
|
|
otherwise, it does not. The expression can use the variable @code{date}
|
|
to find the date being considered; its value is a list (@var{month}
|
|
@var{day} @var{year}) that refers to the Gregorian calendar.
|
|
|
|
Suppose you get paid on the 21st of the month if it is a weekday, and
|
|
on the Friday before if the 21st is on a weekend. Here is how to write
|
|
a sexp diary entry that matches those dates:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
&%%(let ((dayname (calendar-day-of-week date))
|
|
(day (car (cdr date))))
|
|
(or (and (= day 21) (memq dayname '(1 2 3 4 5)))
|
|
(and (memq day '(19 20)) (= dayname 5)))
|
|
) Pay check deposited
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
The following sexp diary entries take advantage of the ability (in the fancy
|
|
diary display) to concoct diary entries whose text varies based on the date:
|
|
|
|
@findex diary-sunrise-sunset
|
|
@findex diary-phases-of-moon
|
|
@findex diary-day-of-year
|
|
@findex diary-iso-date
|
|
@findex diary-julian-date
|
|
@findex diary-astro-day-number
|
|
@findex diary-hebrew-date
|
|
@findex diary-islamic-date
|
|
@findex diary-french-date
|
|
@findex diary-mayan-date
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item %%(diary-sunrise-sunset)
|
|
Make a diary entry for the local times of today's sunrise and sunset.
|
|
@item %%(diary-phases-of-moon)
|
|
Make a diary entry for the phases (quarters) of the moon.
|
|
@item %%(diary-day-of-year)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's day number in the current year and the number
|
|
of days remaining in the current year.
|
|
@item %%(diary-iso-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent ISO commercial date.
|
|
@item %%(diary-julian-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Julian calendar.
|
|
@item %%(diary-astro-day-number)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent astronomical (Julian) day number.
|
|
@item %%(diary-hebrew-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Hebrew calendar.
|
|
@item %%(diary-islamic-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Islamic calendar.
|
|
@item %%(diary-french-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the French Revolutionary
|
|
calendar.
|
|
@item %%(diary-mayan-date)
|
|
Make a diary entry with today's equivalent date on the Mayan calendar.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Thus including the diary entry
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
&%%(diary-hebrew-date)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
causes every day's diary display to contain the equivalent date on the
|
|
Hebrew calendar, if you are using the fancy diary display. (With simple
|
|
diary display, the line @samp{&%%(diary-hebrew-date)} appears in the
|
|
diary for any date, but does nothing particularly useful.)
|
|
|
|
These functions can be used to construct sexp diary entries based on
|
|
the Hebrew calendar in certain standard ways:
|
|
|
|
@cindex rosh hodesh
|
|
@findex diary-rosh-hodesh
|
|
@cindex parasha, weekly
|
|
@findex diary-parasha
|
|
@cindex candle lighting times
|
|
@findex diary-sabbath-candles
|
|
@cindex omer count
|
|
@findex diary-omer
|
|
@cindex yahrzeits
|
|
@findex diary-yahrzeit
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item %%(diary-rosh-hodesh)
|
|
Make a diary entry that tells the occurrence and ritual announcement of each
|
|
new Hebrew month.
|
|
@item %%(diary-parasha)
|
|
Make a Saturday diary entry that tells the weekly synagogue scripture reading.
|
|
@item %%(diary-sabbath-candles)
|
|
Make a Friday diary entry that tells the @emph{local time} of Sabbath
|
|
candle lighting.
|
|
@item %%(diary-omer)
|
|
Make a diary entry that gives the omer count, when appropriate.
|
|
@item %%(diary-yahrzeit @var{month} @var{day} @var{year}) @var{name}
|
|
Make a diary entry marking the anniversary of a date of death. The date
|
|
is the @emph{Gregorian} (civil) date of death. The diary entry appears
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on the proper Hebrew calendar anniversary and on the day before. (In
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the European style, the order of the parameters is changed to @var{day},
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@var{month}, @var{year}.)
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@end table
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@node Appt Customizing
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@section Customizing Appointment Reminders
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You can specify exactly how Emacs reminds you of an appointment, and
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how far in advance it begins doing so, by setting these variables:
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@vindex appt-message-warning-time
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@vindex appt-audible
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|
@vindex appt-visible
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|
@vindex appt-display-mode-line
|
|
@vindex appt-msg-window
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|
@vindex appt-display-duration
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|
@vindex appt-disp-window-function
|
|
@vindex appt-delete-window-function
|
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@table @code
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@item appt-message-warning-time
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|
The time in minutes before an appointment that the reminder begins. The
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|
default is 10 minutes.
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@item appt-audible
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|
If this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs rings the
|
|
terminal bell for appointment reminders. The default is @code{t}.
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|
@item appt-visible
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|
If this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays the appointment
|
|
message in the echo area. The default is @code{t}.
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|
@item appt-display-mode-line
|
|
If this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays the number of minutes
|
|
to the appointment on the mode line. The default is @code{t}.
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|
@item appt-msg-window
|
|
If this is non-@code{nil}, Emacs displays the appointment
|
|
message in another window. The default is @code{t}.
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|
@item appt-disp-window-function
|
|
This variable holds a function to use to create the other window
|
|
for the appointment message.
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|
@item appt-delete-window-function
|
|
This variable holds a function to use to get rid of the appointment
|
|
message window, when its time is up.
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|
@item appt-display-duration
|
|
The number of seconds to display an appointment message. The default
|
|
is 5 seconds.
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|
@end table
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