emacs/lisp/dom.el

;;; dom.el --- XML/HTML (etc.) DOM manipulation and searching functions -*- lexical-binding: t -*-

;; Copyright (C) 2014-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@gnus.org>
;; Keywords: xml, html

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

;;; Commentary:

;;; Code:

(require 'cl-lib)
(eval-when-compile (require 'subr-x))

(defsubst dom-tag (node)
  "Return the NODE tag."
  ;; Called on a list of nodes.  Use the first.
  (car (if (consp (car node)) (car node) node)))

(defsubst dom-attributes (node)
  "Return the NODE attributes."
  ;; Called on a list of nodes.  Use the first.
  (cadr (if (consp (car node)) (car node) node)))

(defsubst dom-children (node)
  "Return the NODE children."
  ;; Called on a list of nodes.  Use the first.
  (cddr (if (consp (car node)) (car node) node)))

(defun dom-non-text-children (node)
  "Return all non-text-node children of NODE."
  (cl-loop for child in (dom-children node)
	   unless (stringp child)
	   collect child))

(defun dom-set-attributes (node attributes)
  "Set the attributes of NODE to ATTRIBUTES."
  (setq node (dom-ensure-node node))
  (setcar (cdr node) attributes))

(defun dom-set-attribute (node attribute value)
  "Set ATTRIBUTE in NODE to VALUE."
  (setq node (dom-ensure-node node))
  (let* ((attributes (cadr node))
         (old (assoc attribute attributes)))
    (if old
	(setcdr old value)
      (setcar (cdr node) (cons (cons attribute value) attributes)))))

(defun dom-remove-attribute (node attribute)
  "Remove ATTRIBUTE from NODE."
  (setq node (dom-ensure-node node))
  (when-let* ((old (assoc attribute (cadr node))))
    (setcar (cdr node) (delq old (cadr node)))))

(defmacro dom-attr (node attr)
  "Return the attribute ATTR from NODE.
A typical attribute is `href'."
  `(cdr (assq ,attr (dom-attributes ,node))))

(defun dom-text (node)
  "Return all the text bits in the current node concatenated."
  (mapconcat #'identity (cl-remove-if-not #'stringp (dom-children node)) " "))

(defun dom-texts (node &optional separator)
  "Return all textual data under NODE concatenated with SEPARATOR in-between."
  (if (eq (dom-tag node) 'script)
      ""
    (mapconcat
     (lambda (elem)
       (cond
        ((stringp elem)
         elem)
        ((eq (dom-tag elem) 'script)
         "")
        (t
         (dom-texts elem separator))))
     (dom-children node)
     (or separator " "))))

(defun dom-child-by-tag (dom tag)
  "Return the first child of DOM that is of type TAG."
  (assoc tag (dom-children dom)))

(defun dom-by-tag (dom tag)
  "Return elements in DOM that is of type TAG.
A name is a symbol like `td'."
  (let ((matches (cl-loop for child in (dom-children dom)
			  for matches = (and (not (stringp child))
					     (dom-by-tag child tag))
			  when matches
			  append matches)))
    (if (equal (dom-tag dom) tag)
	(cons dom matches)
      matches)))

(defun dom-search (dom predicate)
  "Return elements in DOM where PREDICATE is non-nil.
PREDICATE is called with the node as its only parameter."
  (let ((matches (cl-loop for child in (dom-children dom)
			  for matches = (and (not (stringp child))
					     (dom-search child predicate))
			  when matches
			  append matches)))
    (if (funcall predicate dom)
	(cons dom matches)
      matches)))

(defun dom-strings (dom)
  "Return elements in DOM that are strings."
  (cl-loop for child in (dom-children dom)
	   if (stringp child)
	   collect child
	   else
	   append (dom-strings child)))

(defun dom-by-class (dom match)
  "Return elements in DOM that have a class name that matches regexp MATCH."
  (dom-elements dom 'class match))

(defun dom-by-style (dom match)
  "Return elements in DOM that have a style that matches regexp MATCH."
  (dom-elements dom 'style match))

(defun dom-by-id (dom match)
  "Return elements in DOM that have an ID that matches regexp MATCH."
  (dom-elements dom 'id match))

(defun dom-elements (dom attribute match)
  "Find elements matching MATCH (a regexp) in ATTRIBUTE.
ATTRIBUTE would typically be `class', `id' or the like."
  (let ((matches (cl-loop for child in (dom-children dom)
			  for matches = (and (not (stringp child))
					     (dom-elements child attribute
							   match))
			  when matches
			  append matches))
	(attr (dom-attr dom attribute)))
    (if (and attr
	     (string-match match attr))
	(cons dom matches)
      matches)))

(defun dom-remove-node (dom node)
  "Remove NODE from DOM."
  ;; If we're removing the top level node, just return nil.
  (dolist (child (dom-children dom))
    (cond
     ((eq node child)
      (delq node dom))
     ((not (stringp child))
      (dom-remove-node child node)))))

(defun dom-parent (dom node)
  "Return the parent of NODE in DOM."
  (if (memq node (dom-children dom))
      dom
    (let ((result nil))
      (dolist (elem (dom-children dom))
	(when (and (not result)
		   (not (stringp elem)))
	  (setq result (dom-parent elem node))))
      result)))

(defun dom-previous-sibling (dom node)
  "Return the previous sibling of NODE in DOM."
  (when-let* ((parent (dom-parent dom node)))
    (let ((siblings (dom-children parent))
	  (previous nil))
      (while siblings
	(when (eq (cadr siblings) node)
	  (setq previous (car siblings)))
	(pop siblings))
      previous)))

(defun dom-node (tag &optional attributes &rest children)
  "Return a DOM node with TAG and ATTRIBUTES."
  `(,tag ,attributes ,@children))

(defun dom-append-child (node child)
  "Append CHILD to the end of NODE's children."
  (setq node (dom-ensure-node node))
  (nconc node (list child)))

(defun dom-add-child-before (node child &optional before)
  "Add CHILD to NODE's children before child BEFORE.
If BEFORE is nil, make CHILD NODE's first child."
  (setq node (dom-ensure-node node))
  (let ((children (dom-children node)))
    (when (and before
	       (not (memq before children)))
      (error "%s does not exist as a child" before))
    (let ((pos (if before
		   (cl-position before children)
		 0)))
      (push child (nthcdr (+ 2 pos) node))))
  node)

(defun dom-ensure-node (node)
  "Ensure that NODE is a proper DOM node."
  ;; Add empty attributes, if none.
  (when (consp (car node))
    (setq node (car node)))
  (when (= (length node) 1)
    (setcdr node (list nil)))
  node)

(defun dom-pp (dom &optional remove-empty)
  "Pretty-print DOM at point.
If REMOVE-EMPTY, ignore textual nodes that contain just
white-space."
  (let ((column (current-column)))
    (insert (format "(%S " (dom-tag dom)))
    (let* ((attr (dom-attributes dom))
	   (times (length attr))
	   (column (1+ (current-column))))
      (if (null attr)
	  (insert "nil")
	(insert "(")
	(dolist (elem attr)
	  (insert (format "(%S . %S)" (car elem) (cdr elem)))
	  (if (zerop (cl-decf times))
	      (insert ")")
	    (insert "\n" (make-string column ?\s))))))
    (let* ((children (if remove-empty
			 (cl-remove-if
			  (lambda (child)
			    (and (stringp child)
				 (string-match "\\`[\n\r\t  ]*\\'" child)))
			  (dom-children dom))
		       (dom-children dom)))
	   (times (length children)))
      (if (null children)
	  (insert ")")
	(insert "\n" (make-string (1+ column) ?\s))
	(dolist (child children)
	  (if (stringp child)
	      (if (not (and remove-empty
		            (string-match "\\`[\n\r\t  ]*\\'" child)))
		  (insert (format "%S" child)))
	    (dom-pp child remove-empty))
	  (if (zerop (cl-decf times))
	      (insert ")")
	    (insert "\n" (make-string (1+ column) ?\s))))))))

(defun dom-print (dom &optional pretty xml)
  "Print DOM at point as HTML/XML.
If PRETTY, indent the HTML/XML logically.
If XML, generate XML instead of HTML."
  (let ((column (current-column)))
    (insert (format "<%s" (dom-tag dom)))
    (let ((attr (dom-attributes dom)))
      (dolist (elem attr)
	;; In HTML, these are boolean attributes that should not have
	;; an = value.
	(insert (if (and (memq (car elem)
			       '(async autofocus autoplay checked
			         contenteditable controls default
			         defer disabled formNoValidate frameborder
			         hidden ismap itemscope loop
			         multiple muted nomodule novalidate open
			         readonly required reversed
			         scoped selected typemustmatch))
			 (cdr elem)
			 (not xml))
		    (format " %s" (car elem))
		  (format " %s=\"%s\"" (car elem)
	                  (url-insert-entities-in-string (cdr elem)))))))
    (let* ((children (dom-children dom))
	   (non-text nil))
      (if (null children)
	  (insert " />")
	(insert ">")
        (dolist (child children)
	  (if (stringp child)
	      (insert (url-insert-entities-in-string child))
	    (setq non-text t)
	    (when pretty
              (insert "\n" (make-string (+ column 2) ?\s)))
	    (dom-print child pretty xml)))
	;; If we inserted non-text child nodes, or a text node that
	;; ends with a newline, then we indent the end tag.
        (when (and pretty
		   (or (bolp)
		       non-text))
	  (unless (bolp)
            (insert "\n"))
	  (insert (make-string column ?\s)))
        (insert (format "</%s>" (dom-tag dom)))))))

(provide 'dom)

;;; dom.el ends here