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295 lines
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295 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: So you want to use the new Gnus
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Message-ID: <lars-doc1@eyesore.no>
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Actually, since you are reading this, chances are you are already
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using the new Gnus. Congratulations.
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This entire newsgroup you are reading is, in fact, no real newsgroup
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at all, in the traditional sense. It is an example of one of the
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"foreign" select methods that Gnus may use.
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The text you are now reading is stored in the "etc" directory with the
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rest of the Emacs sources. You are using the "nndoc" backend for
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accessing it. Scary, isn't it?
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This isn't the real documentation. `M-x info', `m gnus <RET>' to read
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that. This "newsgroup" is intended as a kinder, gentler way of getting
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people started.
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Gnus is a rewrite of GNUS 4.1, written by Masanobu Umeda. The rewrite
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was done by moi, yours truly, your humble servant, Lars Magne
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Ingebrigtsen. If you have a WWW browser, you can investigate to your
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heart's delight at <URL:http://www.ifi.uio.no/~larsi/larsi.html>.
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;; Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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;; Author: Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@ifi.uio.no>
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;; Keywords: news
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;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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;; any later version.
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;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
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;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
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;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: Starting up
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Message-ID: <lars-doc2@eyesore.no>
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If you are having problems with Gnus not finding your server, you have
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to set `gnus-select-method'. A "method" is a way of specifying *how*
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the news is to be found, and from *where*.
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Say you want to read news from you local, friendly nntp server
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"news.my.local.server".
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(setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.my.local.server"))
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Quite easy, huh?
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From the news spool:
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(setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
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From your mh-e spool:
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(setq gnus-select-method '(nnmh ""))
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There's a whole bunch of other methods for reading mail and news, see
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the "Foreign groups" article for that.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: Where are all the groups, then?
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Message-ID: <lars-doc3@eyesore.no>
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If this is the first time you have used a newsreader, you won't have a
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.newsrc file. This means that Gnus will think that all the newsgroups
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on the server are "new", and kill them all.
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If you have a .newsrc file, the new groups will be processed with the
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function in the `gnus-subscribe-newsgroup-method' variable, which is
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`gnus-subscribe-zombies' by default.
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This means that all the groups have been made into "zombies" - not
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quite dead, but not exactly alive, either.
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Jump back to the *Group* buffer, and type `A z' to list all the zombie
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groups. Look though the list, and subscribe to the groups you want to
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read by pressing `u' on the one you think look interesting.
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If all the groups have been killed, type `A k' to list all the killed
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groups. Subscribe to them the same way.
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When you are satisfied, press `S z' to kill all the zombie groups.
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Now you should have a nice list of all groups you are interested in.
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(If you later want to subscribe to more groups, press `A k' to
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list all the kill groups, and repeat. You can also type `U' and be
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prompted for groups to subscribe to.)
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: I want to read my mail!
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Message-ID: <lars-doc4@eyesore.no>
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Yes, Virginia, you can read mail with Gnus.
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First you have to decide which mail backend you want to use. You have
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nnml, which is a one-file-one-mail backend, which is quite nice, but
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apt to make your systems administrator go crazy and come after you
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with a shotgun.
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nnmbox uses a Unix mail box to store mail. Nice, but slow.
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nnmh uses mh-e folders, which is also a one-file-one-mail thingie, but
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slower than nnml. (It doesn't support NOV files.)
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So if you want to go with nnmbox, you can simply say:
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(setq gnus-secondary-select-methods '((nnmbox "")))
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(The same for the other methods, kind of.)
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You should also set `nnmail-split-methods' to something sensible:
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(setq nnmail-split-methods
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'(("mail.junk" "From:.*Lars")
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("mail.misc "")))
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This will put all mail from me in you junk mail group, and the rest in
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"mail.misc".
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These groups will be subscribe the same way as the normal groups, so
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you will probably find them among the zombie groups after you set
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these variables and re-start Gnus.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: Foreign newsgroups
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Message-ID: <lars-doc5@eyesore.no>
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These are groups that do not come from `gnus-select-method'.
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Say you want to read "alt.furniture.couches" from "news.funet.fi". You
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can then either type `B news.funet.fi <RET>' to browse that server and
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subscribe to that group, or you can type
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`G m alt.furniture.couches<RET>nntp<RET>news.funet.fi<RET>', if you
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like to type a lot.
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If you want to read a directory as a newsgroup, you can create an
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nndir group, much the same way. There's a shorthand for that,
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though. If, for instance, you want to read the (ding) list archives,
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you could type `G d /ftp <RET>'.
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There's lots more to know about foreign groups, but you have to read
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the info pages to find out more.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: Low level changes in GNUS, or, Wrong type argument: stringp, nil
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Message-ID: <lars-doc6@eyesore.no>
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Gnus really isn't GNUS, even though it looks like it. If you scrape
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the surface, you'll find that most things have changed.
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This means that old code that relies on GNUS internals will fail.
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In particular, `gnus-newsrc-hashtb', `gnus-newsrc-assoc',
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`gnus-killed-list', the `nntp-header-' macros and the display formats
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have all changed. If you have some code lying around that depend on
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these, or change these, you'll have to re-write your code.
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Old hilit19 code does not work at all. In fact, you should probably
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remove all hilit code from all the Gnus hooks
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(`gnus-group-prepare-hook', `gnus-summary-prepare-hook' and
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`gnus-summary-article-hook'). (Well, at the very least the first
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two.) Gnus provides various integrated functions for highlighting,
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which are both faster and more accurated.
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There is absolutely no chance, whatsoever, of getting Gnus to work
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with Emacs 18. It won't even work on Emacsen older than Emacs
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19.30/XEmacs 19.13. Upgrade your Emacs or die.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: How do I re-scan my mail groups?
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Message-ID: <lars-doc8@eyesore.no>
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Reading the active file from the nntp server is a drag.
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Just press `M-g' on the mail groups, and they will be re-scanned.
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You can also re-scan all the mail groups by putting them on level 1
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(`S l 1'), and saying `1 g' to re-scan all level 1 groups.
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: How do I set up virtual newsgroups?
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Message-ID: <lars-doc9@eyesore.no>
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Virtual newsgroups are collections of other newsgroups. Why people
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want this is beyond me, but here goes:
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Create the group by saying
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`M-a my.virtual.newsgroup<RET>nnvirtual<RET>^rec\.aquaria\.*<RET>'
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This will create the group "nnvirtual:my.virtual.newsgroup", which
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will collect all articles from all the groups in the "rec.aquaria"
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hierarchy.
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If you want to edit the regular expression, just type `M-e' on the
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group line.
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Note that all the groups that are part of the virtual group have to be
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alive. This means that the cannot, absolutely not, be zombie or
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killed. They can be unsubscribed; that's no problem.
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You can combine groups from different servers in the same virtual
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newsgroup, something that may actually be useful. Say you have the
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group "comp.headers" on the server "news.server.no" and the same group
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on "news.server.edu". If people have posted articles with Distribution
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headers that stop propagation of their articles, combining these two
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newsgroups into one virtual newsgroup should give you a better view of
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what's going on.
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One caveat, though: The virtual group article numbers from the first
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source group (group A) will always be lower than the article numbers
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from the second (group B). This means that Gnus will believe that
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articles from group A are older than articles from group B. Threading
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will lessen these problems, but it might be a good idea to sort the
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threads over the date of the articles to get a correct feel for the
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flow of the groups:
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(setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date))
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If you only want this in virtual groups, you could say something along
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the lines of:
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(setq gnus-select-group-hook
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(lambda ()
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(if (eq 'nnvirtual (car (gnus-find-method-for-group
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gnus-newsgroup-name)))
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(progn
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(make-local-variable 'gnus-thread-sort-functions)
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(setq gnus-thread-sort-functions '(gnus-thread-sort-by-date))))))
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From lars Thu Feb 23 23:20:38 1995
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From: larsi@ifi.uio.no (ding)
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Date: Fri Feb 24 13:40:45 1995
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Subject: Bugs & stuff
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Message-ID: <lars-doc7@eyesore.no>
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If you want to report a bug, please type `M-x gnus-bug'. This will
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give me a precise overview of your Gnus and Emacs version numbers,
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along with a look at all Gnus variables you have changed.
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Du not expect a reply back, but your bug should be fixed in the next
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version. If the bug persists, please re-submit your bug report.
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When a bug occurs, I need a recipe for how to trigger the bug. You
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have to tell me exactly what you do to uncover the bug, and you should
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(setq debug-on-error t) and send me the backtrace along with the bug
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report.
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If I am not able to reproduce the bug, I won't be able to fix it.
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I would, of course, prefer that you locate the bug, fix it, and mail
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me the patches, but one can't have everything.
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If you have any questions on usage, the "ding@ifi.uio.no" mailing list
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is where to post the questions.
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