mirror of
https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/emacs.git
synced 2024-11-24 07:20:37 +00:00
2305 lines
84 KiB
Plaintext
2305 lines
84 KiB
Plaintext
\input texinfo @c -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
|
|
@setfilename ../../info/efaq-w32.info
|
|
@settitle GNU Emacs FAQ For MS Windows
|
|
@include docstyle.texi
|
|
@setchapternewpage odd
|
|
@syncodeindex pg cp
|
|
@syncodeindex ky cp
|
|
@syncodeindex tp cp
|
|
@syncodeindex vr fn
|
|
|
|
@documentdescription
|
|
Answers to Frequently asked Questions about using Emacs on Microsoft Windows.
|
|
@end documentdescription
|
|
|
|
@include emacsver.texi
|
|
|
|
@copying
|
|
Copyright @copyright{} 2008, 2010-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
@quotation
|
|
This list of frequently asked questions about GNU Emacs on MS Windows
|
|
with answers (``FAQ'') may be translated into other languages,
|
|
transformed into other formats (e.g., Texinfo, Info, WWW), and updated
|
|
with new information.
|
|
|
|
The same conditions apply to any derivative of the FAQ as apply to the FAQ
|
|
itself. Every copy of the FAQ must include this notice or an approved
|
|
translation, information on who is currently maintaining the FAQ and how to
|
|
contact them (including their e-mail address), and information on where the
|
|
latest version of the FAQ is archived (including FTP information).
|
|
|
|
The FAQ may be copied and redistributed under these conditions, except that
|
|
the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
|
|
itself allows free copying and redistribution.
|
|
@end quotation
|
|
@end copying
|
|
|
|
@dircategory Emacs
|
|
@direntry
|
|
* Emacs W32 FAQ: (efaq-w32). FAQs about Emacs on MS Windows.
|
|
@end direntry
|
|
|
|
@c The @titlepage stuff only appears in the printed version
|
|
@titlepage
|
|
@sp 10
|
|
@center @titlefont{GNU Emacs FAQ for MS Windows}
|
|
|
|
@c The following two commands start the copyright page.
|
|
@page
|
|
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
|
|
@insertcopying
|
|
@end titlepage
|
|
|
|
@footnotestyle end
|
|
|
|
@node Top
|
|
@top GNU Emacs FAQ for MS Windows
|
|
|
|
This is the FAQ for using GNU Emacs on MS Windows, as distributed with
|
|
Emacs @value{EMACSVER}.
|
|
|
|
This FAQ is maintained by the developers and users of Emacs on MS Windows.
|
|
If you find any errors, or have any suggestions, please send them to
|
|
the @url{http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/help-emacs-windows,
|
|
help-emacs-windows} mailing list.
|
|
|
|
At time of writing, the latest version of GNU Emacs is version @value{EMACSVER}.
|
|
|
|
@c Links to ftp.gnu.org are given as http links, since Windows ftp clients
|
|
@c are notoriously bad at handling firewalls etc.
|
|
|
|
@ifnottex
|
|
@insertcopying
|
|
@end ifnottex
|
|
|
|
@contents
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Introduction::
|
|
* Getting Emacs::
|
|
* Installing Emacs::
|
|
* Display Settings::
|
|
* Fonts and text translation::
|
|
* Printing::
|
|
* Sub-processes::
|
|
* Network access::
|
|
* Text and Utility modes::
|
|
* Developing with Emacs::
|
|
* Other useful ports::
|
|
* Further information::
|
|
* Indexes::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Introduction
|
|
@chapter Introduction
|
|
@cindex scope of FAQ
|
|
|
|
This FAQ covers questions that are specific to running GNU Emacs on Windows.
|
|
For more general information, see the other Emacs manuals.
|
|
@xref{Further information}.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Why Emacs on Windows::
|
|
* Which versions of Windows::
|
|
* Other versions of Emacs::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Why Emacs on Windows
|
|
@section Why support GNU Emacs on Windows?
|
|
@cindex Why Windows
|
|
|
|
It is not our goal to ``help Windows users'' by making text editing
|
|
on Windows more convenient. We aim to replace proprietary software,
|
|
not to enhance it. So why support GNU Emacs on Windows?
|
|
|
|
We hope that the experience of using GNU Emacs on Windows will give
|
|
programmers a taste of freedom, and that this will later inspire them
|
|
to move to a free operating system such as GNU/Linux. That is the
|
|
main valid reason to support free applications on nonfree operating
|
|
systems.
|
|
|
|
@node Which versions of Windows
|
|
@section Which versions of Windows are supported?
|
|
@cindex Windows, versions
|
|
@cindex supported versions of Windows
|
|
|
|
Emacs @value{EMACSVER} is known to run on all versions of Windows from
|
|
Windows 98 and Windows NT 4.0 through to Windows 8.1. The Windows
|
|
port is built using the Win32 API and supports most features of the X
|
|
version, including variable width fonts, images and tooltips.
|
|
|
|
Emacs on Windows can be compiled as either a 32-bit or a 64-bit
|
|
executable, using the MinGW GCC compiler and development tools.
|
|
|
|
@node Other versions of Emacs
|
|
@section What other versions of Emacs run on Windows?
|
|
@cindex other ports of Emacs
|
|
|
|
@xref{Cygwin}.
|
|
|
|
@cindex DOS port
|
|
@cindex Windows 3.11 port
|
|
Emacs can also be compiled for MSDOS. When run on recent MS Windows,
|
|
it supports long file names, and uses the Windows clipboard.
|
|
See the @file{msdos} directory in the Emacs sources for building
|
|
instructions (requires DJGPP).
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Getting Emacs
|
|
@chapter Getting Emacs
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Downloading::
|
|
* Compiling::
|
|
* Debugging::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Downloading
|
|
@section Where can I download Emacs?
|
|
|
|
@cindex getting Emacs
|
|
@cindex where to get sources
|
|
@cindex Emacs source code
|
|
@cindex source for Emacs
|
|
You can download Emacs releases from
|
|
@uref{http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/emacs/, ftp.gnu.org mirrors}. They
|
|
are distributed as compressed tar files, digitally signed by the
|
|
maintainer who made the release.
|
|
|
|
@cindex precompiled binaries
|
|
@cindex where to get Emacs binaries
|
|
Pre-compiled binaries for MS Windows may be made available on a
|
|
best-effort basis in the @file{windows} subdirectory of the above ftp
|
|
site (as zip files digitally signed by the person who built them).
|
|
See the @file{README} file in that directory for more information.
|
|
Building Emacs from source yourself should be straightforward,
|
|
following the instructions in @file{nt/INSTALL}, so we encourage you
|
|
to give it a try. @xref{Compiling}.
|
|
|
|
@cindex latest development version of Emacs
|
|
@cindex Emacs Development
|
|
The development version of Emacs is available from
|
|
@uref{http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs, Savannah}, the GNU
|
|
development site.
|
|
|
|
@node Compiling
|
|
@section How can I compile Emacs myself?
|
|
@cindex compiling Emacs
|
|
|
|
To compile Emacs on Windows, you will need the MinGW port of GCC and
|
|
Binutils, the MinGW runtime and development environment, and the MSYS
|
|
suite of tools. For the details, see the file @file{nt/INSTALL} in
|
|
the Emacs source distribution.
|
|
|
|
Support for displaying images, as well as XML/HTML rendering and TLS
|
|
networking requires external libraries, the headers and import
|
|
libraries for which will need to be installed where your compiler can
|
|
find them. Again, the details, including URLs of sites where you can
|
|
download these libraries are in @file{nt/INSTALL}. @xref{Other useful
|
|
ports}, for auxiliary tools you may wish to install and use in
|
|
conjunction with Emacs.
|
|
|
|
After unpacking the source, or checking out of the repository, be sure
|
|
to read the instructions in @file{nt/README} and @file{nt/INSTALL}.
|
|
|
|
@node Debugging
|
|
@section How do I use a debugger on Emacs?
|
|
@cindex debugging Emacs
|
|
@cindex bugs in Emacs, how to debug
|
|
@cindex Emacs debugging
|
|
|
|
By default, Emacs is compiled with debugging on, and optimizations enabled.
|
|
The optimizations may interfere with some types of debugging; the debugger
|
|
may not show clearly where it is, or may not be able to inspect certain
|
|
variables. If this is the case, reconfigure with @kbd{CFLAGS='-O0 -g3'}
|
|
|
|
The file @file{etc/DEBUG} contains general debugging hints, as well as
|
|
specific notes about debugging Emacs.
|
|
|
|
@cindex debugging Emacs with GDB
|
|
GDB is the GNU debugger, which can be used to debug Emacs when it has
|
|
been compiled with MinGW GCC. The best results will be obtained if
|
|
you start gdb from the @file{src} directory as @kbd{gdb ./emacs.exe}.
|
|
This will load the init file @file{.gdbinit}@footnote{
|
|
Latest versions of GDB might refuse to load the init file for security
|
|
reasons, unless you customize GDB; alternatively, use an explicit
|
|
@kbd{source ./gdbinit} command after entering GDB.
|
|
} in that directory, to define some extra commands for working with
|
|
lisp while debugging, and set up breakpoints to catch abnormal
|
|
aborts.
|
|
|
|
A Windows port of GDB can be found on MinGW download sites and on some
|
|
others.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Installing Emacs
|
|
@chapter Installing Emacs
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Unpacking::
|
|
* Installing binaries::
|
|
* Image support::
|
|
* Init file::
|
|
* Location of init file::
|
|
* Troubleshooting init file::
|
|
* Associate files with Emacs::
|
|
* Find-file and the Desktop::
|
|
* Make Windows more like X::
|
|
* Make Emacs like a Windows app::
|
|
* Window operations::
|
|
* Uninstall::
|
|
* Does not run::
|
|
* Virus::
|
|
* Anti-virus::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Unpacking
|
|
@section How do I unpack the distributions?
|
|
@cindex unpacking Emacs distribution
|
|
@cindex extracting Emacs distribution
|
|
@cindex unzipping Emacs distribution
|
|
@cindex untarring Emacs distribution
|
|
@cindex zip files, how to unpack Emacs binaries
|
|
@cindex tar.gz files, how to unpack Emacs sources
|
|
|
|
The binary distributions are distributed as zip files, which are handled
|
|
natively by Windows XP and later. For earlier versions, there are many
|
|
tools that can handle the zip format, from InfoZip's command line unzip
|
|
tool, to 7zip's multi-format graphical archive explorer. (Although
|
|
popular, WinZip has caused problems with line-ends in the past, and is not
|
|
Free software, so we do not recommend it.)
|
|
|
|
Source distributions are distributed as @file{.tar.gz} or
|
|
@file{.tar.xz} files. 7zip and similar multi-format graphical tools
|
|
can handle these, or you can get Windows ports of the command line
|
|
gzip and tar tools from multiple sources, or use @command{bsdtar}.
|
|
@xref{Other useful ports}.
|
|
|
|
The command to unpack a source distribution from the command line is:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
tar xzf emacs-@value{EMACSVER}.tar.gz
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
If this does not work with the versions of tar and gzip that you have,
|
|
you may need to try a two step process:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
gzip -dc emacs-@value{EMACSVER}.tar.gz | tar xf -
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
You may see many messages from tar complaining about being unable to change
|
|
the modification time on directories, and from gzip complaining about a
|
|
broken pipe. These messages are usually harmless, caused by incomplete ports
|
|
that are not fully aware of the limitations of Windows.
|
|
|
|
And here's an example of using @command{bsdtar} (from the
|
|
@samp{libarchive} package) to unpack a @file{.tar.xz} archive:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
bsdtar -xf emacs-@value{EMACSVER}.tar.xz
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Expect @command{bsdtar} to unpack the whole distribution without any
|
|
complaints.
|
|
|
|
Once you unpack the source distribution, look in @file{nt/INSTALL}
|
|
file for build instructions.
|
|
|
|
@node Installing binaries
|
|
@section How do I install Emacs after unpacking the binary zip?
|
|
@cindex installing Emacs
|
|
@pindex addpm
|
|
@cindex Start Menu, creating icons for Emacs
|
|
|
|
You can run Emacs without any extra steps, but if you want icons in your
|
|
Start Menu, or for Emacs to detect the image libraries that are already
|
|
installed on your system as part of GTK, then you should run the program
|
|
@file{addpm.exe}, which is usually installed into the same @file{bin}
|
|
directory with @file{emacs.exe}.
|
|
|
|
@node Image support
|
|
@section How do I get image support?
|
|
@cindex images, installing libraries for
|
|
@cindex jpeg, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex png, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex gif, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex tiff, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex xpm, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex rsvg, installing image support in Emacs
|
|
@cindex toolbar, installing color icons in
|
|
@cindex color images, installing support for images in Emacs
|
|
@cindex monochrome images, getting color images in Emacs
|
|
@cindex black and white images, getting color images in Emacs
|
|
|
|
Emacs has built in support for XBM and PBM/PGM/PPM images. This is
|
|
sufficient to see the monochrome splash screen and tool-bar icons.
|
|
Since v22.2, the official precompiled binaries for Windows have bundled
|
|
libXpm, which is required to display the color versions of those images.
|
|
|
|
Emacs is compiled to recognize JPEG, PNG, GIF, TIFF, and RSVG images
|
|
also, but displaying these image types require external DLLs which are
|
|
not bundled with Emacs. @xref{Other useful ports}.
|
|
|
|
@node Init file
|
|
@section What is my init file?
|
|
@cindex .emacs
|
|
@cindex init file
|
|
|
|
When Emacs starts up, it attempts to load and execute the contents of
|
|
a file commonly called @file{.emacs} (though it may have other names,
|
|
@pxref{Location of init file,,Where do I put my init file?}) which
|
|
contains any customizations you have made. You can manually add lisp
|
|
code to your .emacs, or you can use the Customization interface
|
|
accessible from the @emph{Options} menu. If the file does not exist,
|
|
Emacs will start with the default settings.
|
|
|
|
@node Location of init file
|
|
@section Where do I put my init file?
|
|
@cindex HOME directory
|
|
@cindex .emacs.d
|
|
@cindex _emacs
|
|
@cindex init.el
|
|
@cindex registry, setting the HOME directory in
|
|
|
|
On Windows, the @file{.emacs} file may be called @file{_emacs} for
|
|
backward compatibility with DOS and FAT filesystems where filenames
|
|
could not start with a dot. Some users prefer to continue using such
|
|
a name due to historical problems various Windows tools had in the
|
|
past with file names that begin with a dot. In Emacs 22 and later,
|
|
the init file may also be called @file{.emacs.d/init.el}. Many of the
|
|
other files that are created by lisp packages are now stored in the
|
|
@file{.emacs.d} directory too, so this keeps all your Emacs related
|
|
files in one place.
|
|
|
|
All the files mentioned above should go in your @env{HOME} directory.
|
|
The @env{HOME} directory is determined by following the steps below:
|
|
|
|
@enumerate
|
|
@item
|
|
If the environment variable @env{HOME} is set, use the directory it indicates.
|
|
@item
|
|
If the registry entry @code{HKCU\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs\HOME} is set, use the
|
|
directory it indicates.
|
|
@item
|
|
If the registry entry @code{HKLM\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs\HOME} is set, use the
|
|
directory it indicates. Not recommended, as it results in users sharing
|
|
the same HOME directory.
|
|
@item
|
|
If @file{C:\.emacs} exists, then use @file{C:/}. This is for
|
|
backward compatibility, as previous versions defaulted to @file{C:/}
|
|
if @env{HOME} was not set.
|
|
@item
|
|
Use the user's AppData directory, usually a directory called
|
|
@file{AppData} under the user's profile directory, the location
|
|
of which varies according to Windows version and whether the computer is
|
|
part of a domain.
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
Within Emacs, @key{~} at the beginning of a file name is expanded to your
|
|
@env{HOME} directory, so you can always find your @file{.emacs} file
|
|
by typing the command @kbd{C-x C-f ~/.emacs}.
|
|
|
|
@node Troubleshooting init file
|
|
@section Troubleshooting init file problems
|
|
@cindex troubleshooting init problems
|
|
@cindex debugging init problems
|
|
@cindex checking that HOME is set correctly
|
|
|
|
If you've set @env{HOME} to a directory using one of the above
|
|
methods, and Emacs still doesn't load your init file, the first
|
|
thing you should do is check to see what Emacs thinks @env{HOME} is set
|
|
to. You can do this by evaluating the following expression in the
|
|
@file{*scratch*} buffer using @kbd{C-x C-e}:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(getenv "HOME")
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Look carefully at what is printed in the echo area, and make sure the
|
|
value is valid. For example, if the value has trailing whitespace,
|
|
Emacs won't be able to find the directory. Also, be sure that the
|
|
value isn't a relative drive letter (e.g., @file{d:} without a
|
|
backslash or a forward slash after the colon); if it is, then
|
|
@env{HOME} is going to be whatever the current directory on that drive
|
|
is, which is likely not what you want to happen.
|
|
|
|
@node Associate files with Emacs
|
|
@section How do I associate files with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex Explorer, associating Emacs with files in
|
|
@cindex emacsclient, associating files with
|
|
@cindex file associations
|
|
@cindex associating files with Emacs
|
|
@cindex ALTERNATE_EDITOR
|
|
@findex server-start
|
|
|
|
The recommended way to associate files is to associate them with
|
|
@command{emacsclientw.exe}. In order for this to work when Emacs is
|
|
not yet started, you will also need to set the environment variable
|
|
@env{ALTERNATE_EDITOR} to @command{runemacs.exe}. To open files
|
|
in a running instance of Emacs, you will need to add the following
|
|
to your init file:
|
|
@example
|
|
(server-start)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Using with Explorer::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Using with Explorer
|
|
@subsection For use with Internet Explorer
|
|
@cindex Internet Explorer, view source in Emacs
|
|
@cindex mailto urls, associating with Emacs
|
|
@cindex news urls, associating with Emacs
|
|
@cindex URLs, associating mail and news URLs with Emacs
|
|
|
|
You can use Emacs as the editor for composing mail for
|
|
@indicateurl{mailto:} links, reading usenet for @indicateurl{news:}
|
|
links, and viewing source. The following registry entries control
|
|
this:
|
|
|
|
@itemize @w{}
|
|
@item
|
|
Mail
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @strong{Key:} HKCR\mailto\shell\open\command\(Default)
|
|
@item @strong{Value:} emacsclientw -e "(message-mail (substring \"%1\" 7))"
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
News
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @strong{Key:} HKCR\news\shell\open\command\(Default)
|
|
@item @strong{Value:} emacsclientw -e "(gnus-fetch-group (substring \"%1\" 5)"
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
View Source
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @strong{Key:} HKCR\htmlfile\shell\edit\command\(Default)
|
|
@item @strong{Value:} emacsclientw "%1"
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
Thanks to Jason Rumney and Sigbjorn Finne for these tips.
|
|
|
|
@node Find-file and the Desktop
|
|
@section How do I use find-file to open files that are on the Desktop?
|
|
@cindex Desktop, finding where it is
|
|
@cindex finding the Desktop
|
|
@cindex locating files on the Desktop
|
|
|
|
The location of the Desktop varies between different versions of
|
|
Windows, and in a corporate environment can be moved around by the
|
|
network administrator. On latest Windows versions, you can use the
|
|
value of the @env{USERPROFILE} environment variable to find where the
|
|
desktop might be:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@kbd{C-x C-f $USERPROFILE/Desktop}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
If this doesn't work, then you probably have to forgo the keyboard
|
|
just this once, and either drag a file onto the Emacs frame from the
|
|
desktop, or use the file dialog (displayed when you use the toolbar or
|
|
menu by default). Once you have a file from the Desktop inside Emacs,
|
|
@kbd{C-x C-f} will quickly reveal where your desktop is kept.
|
|
|
|
@node Make Windows more like X
|
|
@section How can I modify Windows to act more like X?
|
|
@cindex X, making Windows behave like
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Focus follows mouse::
|
|
* Swap CapsLock and Control::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Focus follows mouse
|
|
@subsection How do I make the active window follow the mouse?
|
|
@vindex focus-follows-mouse
|
|
@cindex point to focus
|
|
@cindex mouse over to focus
|
|
|
|
Customize the variables @code{focus-follows-mouse} and
|
|
@code{mouse-autoselect-window}. The former can be used to mislead
|
|
Emacs into giving focus to other frames when the mouse is over them,
|
|
even though Windows has a click to focus policy by default (there is
|
|
software available to change that though). The latter can be used to
|
|
make Emacs use a focus-follow-mouse policy within its own frames.
|
|
|
|
You can also change the Windows click-to-focus policy by changing
|
|
settings in the Registry. The details vary according to your Windows
|
|
version; look on the Internet for instructions to enable ``active
|
|
window tracking'' for your version of Windows.
|
|
|
|
@node Swap CapsLock and Control
|
|
@subsection How do I swap CapsLock and Control?
|
|
@cindex scan codes, modifying
|
|
@cindex key layout, customizing
|
|
@cindex caps-lock, swapping with control key
|
|
@cindex control key, swapping with caps-lock
|
|
@cindex windows key, use as alt
|
|
@cindex alt key, using windows keys as additional
|
|
|
|
This cannot be done within Emacs, but you can modify the scan code
|
|
mappings in the registry or define a new keyboard layout to swap the
|
|
keys on a system wide basis.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Swap Caps NT::
|
|
* Swap Caps 98::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Swap Caps NT
|
|
@subsubsection Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista?
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item
|
|
From Chris McMahon. To make CapsLock a Control key (leaving your
|
|
original control keys as they were), use this registry file:
|
|
@example
|
|
REGEDIT4
|
|
|
|
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout]
|
|
"Scancode Map"=hex:00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,02,00,00,00,1d,00,3a,00,00,00,00,00
|
|
@end example
|
|
To swap CapsLock and the left Control key, use:
|
|
@example
|
|
REGEDIT4
|
|
|
|
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout]
|
|
"Scancode Map"=hex:00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,03,00,00,00,1d,00,3a,00,3a,00,1d,00,00,00,00,00
|
|
@end example
|
|
Save these as files with a @file{.reg} extension, and double-click on
|
|
them in Explorer, or ``run'' them from a command prompt to have them
|
|
update your registry (you may need to reboot).
|
|
@item
|
|
Shane Holder gives some background on how "Scancode Map" is used
|
|
by the system:
|
|
@ignore
|
|
http://ftp.gnu.org/old-gnu/emacs/windows/docs/ntemacs/contrib/caps-ctrl-registry.txt
|
|
From: Shane Holder <holder@@mordor.rsn.hp.com>
|
|
To: ntemacs-users@@cs.washington.edu
|
|
Date: 04 Dec 1996 14:36:21 -0600
|
|
Message-ID: <fawg21mm4hm.fsf@@mordor.rsn.hp.com>
|
|
Subject: Re: Re[2]: problem with caps/ctrl swap on NT 4.0
|
|
@end ignore
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
It's a binary value that lets you map keystrokes in the low-level keyboard
|
|
drivers in NT. As a result you don't have to worry about applications
|
|
bypassing mappings that you've done at a higher level (i.e., it just works).
|
|
|
|
Here's the format of the value:
|
|
|
|
DWORD: 0x00000000 header
|
|
DWORD: 0x00000000 header
|
|
DWORD: length (in DWORDs) of remaining data, including terminating DWORD
|
|
DWORD: mapping 1
|
|
...
|
|
DWORD: mapping n
|
|
DWORD: 0x00000000 terminating null DWORD
|
|
|
|
Each mapping DWORD has two parts: the input scancode, and an output
|
|
scancode. To map scancode 0x1d (left control) to scancode 0x3a (caps
|
|
lock), you want a value of 0x003a001d. Note that this does not swap the
|
|
keys. Using just this mapping value, both the left control and the caps
|
|
lock key will behave as caps-lock. To swap, you also need to map 0x3a to
|
|
0x1d, using 0x001d003a.
|
|
|
|
This registry value is system wide, and can't be made user-specific. It
|
|
also only takes affect on reboot.
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
@item
|
|
Ulfar Erlingsson has provided a registry file that sets the CapsLock key
|
|
to be a Control key and the Windows key to be an Alt key:
|
|
@example
|
|
REGEDIT4
|
|
|
|
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout]
|
|
"Scancode Map"=hex:00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,03,00,00,00,1d,00,3a,00,38,00,5b,e0,00,00,00,00
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node Swap Caps 98
|
|
@subsubsection Windows 95/98/ME
|
|
|
|
Microsoft has a tool called keyremap that is part of their Kernel Toys add ons
|
|
for Windows 95. The tool has also been confirmed to work on Windows 98.
|
|
|
|
@node Make Emacs like a Windows app
|
|
@section How can I modify Emacs to act more like a Windows app?
|
|
@cindex Windows, making Emacs act more like
|
|
@cindex UI, making Emacs more like other Windows apps
|
|
|
|
Many beginning users find Emacs difficult to use because its user
|
|
interface is different in many ways. Emacs predates most UI
|
|
standards, and experienced Emacs users are used to the way things are,
|
|
so changing the defaults is difficult. Most of the ``standard''
|
|
behavior can be approximated in Emacs after some configuring though.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Highlight selection::
|
|
* CUA::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Highlight selection
|
|
@subsection Highlighting the selection
|
|
@cindex transient-mark-mode
|
|
@cindex selection, highlighting
|
|
@cindex region, highlighting
|
|
@cindex highlighting the selected region
|
|
@cindex marked region, highlighting
|
|
@cindex point and mark, highlighting the region between
|
|
@cindex delete-selection-mode
|
|
@cindex overwriting the selected region
|
|
|
|
Emacs has a concept of a mark and point that is similar to selections
|
|
in other programs. But the mark in Emacs is used for more than just
|
|
defining the selected region, it lives on while you continue to edit
|
|
and move around the buffer so it can also be a kind of bookmark. The
|
|
history of marks is saved so you can pop previous marks back to the
|
|
top of the stack to go back to somewhere you were some time ago.
|
|
Because of this dual purpose, the region between mark and point is not
|
|
highlighted by default unless you select a region by clicking and
|
|
dragging the mouse.
|
|
|
|
The minor mode @code{transient-mark-mode} changes the behavior of
|
|
the mark in two ways. First, it distinguishes between an active mark
|
|
that has just been defined or reactivated, and an inactive mark. When
|
|
the mark is active, some commands that normally act on lines, words,
|
|
buffers, etc., will instead act on the region. An inactive mark needs
|
|
to be reactivated to operate on it, unless @code{mark-even-if-inactive}
|
|
is set. Secondly, @code{transient-mark-mode} also highlights the
|
|
region when it is active, providing the same visual clue that you get
|
|
in other programs. This mode is turned on by default in latest
|
|
versions of Emacs.
|
|
|
|
In addition to seeing the highlighting, new Emacs users often expect
|
|
editing commands to replace the region when it is active. This behavior
|
|
can be obtained with @code{delete-selection-mode}, but see the following
|
|
question also.
|
|
|
|
@node CUA
|
|
@subsection Standard Windows key bindings
|
|
@findex cua-mode
|
|
@cindex CUA keybindings
|
|
@cindex shift key, selecting with
|
|
@cindex standard Windows keybindings
|
|
@cindex paste with C-v
|
|
@cindex cut with C-x
|
|
@cindex copy with C-c
|
|
@cindex C-c to copy
|
|
@cindex C-x to cut
|
|
@cindex C-v to paste
|
|
|
|
The keybindings of Emacs predate modern GUIs, and the keys that were
|
|
chosen by later GUIs for cut and copy were given important functions
|
|
as extended keymaps in Emacs. CUA mode attempts to let both bindings
|
|
co-exist by defining C-x and C-c as @code{kill-region} and
|
|
@code{copy-region-as-kill} when the region is active, and letting
|
|
them have their normal Emacs bindings when the region is not active.
|
|
Many people find this to be an acceptable compromise. CUA mode also
|
|
defines a number of other keys (C-v, Shift selection), and can be turned
|
|
on from the @emph{Options} menu.
|
|
|
|
@node Window operations
|
|
@section Window operations
|
|
@cindex maximize frames from lisp
|
|
@cindex minimize frames from lisp
|
|
@cindex WM_SYSCOMMAND, sending system commands from lisp
|
|
@cindex system menu, simulating from lisp
|
|
|
|
The function @code{w32-send-sys-command} can be used to simulate
|
|
choosing commands from the system menu (in the top left corner of the
|
|
Window) and a few other system wide functions. It takes an integer
|
|
argument, the value of which should be a valid @code{WM_SYSCOMMAND}
|
|
message as documented in Microsoft's API documentation.
|
|
|
|
@node Uninstall
|
|
@section How do I uninstall Emacs?
|
|
@cindex uninstall Emacs
|
|
@cindex remove Emacs
|
|
@cindex clean Emacs registry settings
|
|
@cindex registry, cleaning the Emacs settings
|
|
@cindex Start Menu, removing Emacs from
|
|
@cindex upgrading Emacs
|
|
@cindex delete Emacs directory
|
|
|
|
Emacs does not come with an uninstall program. No files are installed
|
|
outside of the directories you find in the binary zip archive, so
|
|
deleting those directories is sufficient to clean away the files. If
|
|
you ran @command{addpm}, you'll need to delete the Start Menu group
|
|
too. The registry entries inserted by @command{addpm} will not cause
|
|
any problems if you leave them there, but for the sake of
|
|
completeness, you can use @command{regedit} to remove the keys under
|
|
@code{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE} or @code{HKEY_CURRENT_USER}:
|
|
@code{SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}, and the key
|
|
@code{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App
|
|
Paths\emacs.exe} if it exists.
|
|
|
|
@node Does not run
|
|
@section When I run Emacs nothing happens
|
|
@cindex troubleshooting installation problems
|
|
@cindex window not appearing, Emacs
|
|
@cindex failure to run, Emacs
|
|
@cindex 8.3 filenames, problems caused
|
|
|
|
Emacs could have failed to run for a number of reasons. The most
|
|
common symptom is that, when Emacs is started, the cursor changes for
|
|
a second but nothing happens. If this happens to you, it is quite
|
|
likely that the distribution was unpacked incorrectly.
|
|
|
|
Check for the following to see if there was a problem during unpacking:
|
|
@enumerate
|
|
@item
|
|
Be sure to disable the CR/LF translation or the executables will be
|
|
unusable. Older versions of WinZipNT would enable this translation by
|
|
default. If you are using WinZipNT, disable it.
|
|
@item
|
|
Check that filenames were not truncated to 8.3. For example, there
|
|
should be a file CONTRIBUTE in the top level directory; if this has
|
|
been truncated to CONTRIBU or CONTRI~1, your distribution has been
|
|
corrupted while unpacking and Emacs will not start.
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
If it is still not working, send mail to the
|
|
@email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} mailing list, describing what you've
|
|
done, and what you are seeing. (The more information you send the more
|
|
likely it is that you'll receive a helpful response.)
|
|
|
|
@node Virus
|
|
@section Does Emacs contain a virus?
|
|
@cindex virus reported in Emacs
|
|
@cindex anti-virus software reporting a virus in Emacs
|
|
|
|
There have been reports in the past that some virus scanners claim
|
|
that the Emacs distribution has a virus. This is extremely unlikely if
|
|
you have downloaded Emacs from the GNU FTP site or one of its mirrors
|
|
and the GPG signature for it is valid and listed in the GNU keyring,
|
|
unless perhaps it is a new release made in the last few days, in which
|
|
case you should exercise more caution and report the problem. Past
|
|
problems seem to have been caused by virus checkers running into a
|
|
buffer size limit when unpacking large tar.gz files for scanning, and
|
|
reporting the failure as an ``unknown virus''.
|
|
|
|
@node Anti-virus
|
|
@section What known problems are there with anti-virus software?
|
|
@cindex anti-virus software, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex virus software, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex firewall, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex scan all files, anti-virus option causing problems
|
|
@cindex auto protect, anti-virus option causing problems
|
|
@cindex shell, interacting badly with anti-virus
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, interacting badly with anti-virus
|
|
|
|
Anti-virus and firewall software can block Emacs from starting subprocesses
|
|
and opening network connections. Most such products have an Advanced
|
|
mode where they will prompt you rather than silently blocking. In some cases
|
|
the ``scan all files'' or ``auto protect'' option of anti-virus programs
|
|
has caused failures running shell related commands within Emacs.
|
|
@xref{Sub-processes,,Why is nothing happening when I enter shell commands?}.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Display Settings
|
|
@chapter Display Settings
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Console window size::
|
|
* Mouse trouble::
|
|
* Cut and paste NUL::
|
|
* Garbled clipboard::
|
|
* Beep sound::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Console window size
|
|
@section Emacs in console mode goes beyond the window size
|
|
@cindex console, window size
|
|
@cindex telnet, display size problems running emacs over
|
|
@cindex -nw, window size
|
|
@vindex w32-use-full-screen-buffer
|
|
|
|
The variable @code{w32-use-full-screen-buffer} controls whether Emacs uses
|
|
the window size or buffer size to determine the number of lines on screen.
|
|
Normally the window size is correct, but when running Emacs over some
|
|
telnet servers, the buffer size needs to be used. Emacs tries to guess
|
|
the correct value at startup, but if it guesses wrong, you can customize
|
|
that variable yourself.
|
|
|
|
@node Mouse trouble
|
|
@section What do I do if I have problems with my mouse buttons?
|
|
@cindex mouse buttons, problems with
|
|
@cindex 2 button mouse
|
|
@cindex two button mouse
|
|
@cindex third mouse button, simulating
|
|
@cindex middle mouse button, simulating
|
|
@cindex simulating three button mouse with two buttons
|
|
@cindex swap right and middle mouse buttons
|
|
@cindex exchange mouse-2 and mouse-3 buttons
|
|
@vindex w32-mouse-button-tolerance
|
|
@vindex w32-num-mouse-buttons
|
|
@vindex w32-swap-mouse-buttons
|
|
|
|
Emacs assigns bindings assuming a three button mouse. On Windows, if
|
|
a two button mouse is detected, a hack is enabled which lets you
|
|
simulate the third button by pressing both mouse buttons
|
|
simultaneously. @code{w32-mouse-button-tolerance} defines the timeout
|
|
for what is considered ``simultaneous''. You can check how many
|
|
buttons Emacs thinks your mouse has with @kbd{C-h v}
|
|
@code{w32-num-mouse-buttons}.
|
|
|
|
If you find yourself needing the mouse-3 bindings more often than mouse-2,
|
|
you can swap the buttons with the following code in your init file:
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq w32-swap-mouse-buttons t)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Cut and paste NUL
|
|
@section How do I cut and paste text with NUL characters?
|
|
@cindex clipboard, NUL characters
|
|
|
|
If you attempt to cut and paste text with NUL characters embedded in it,
|
|
then the text will be truncated at the first NUL character. This is a
|
|
limitation of the Windows clipboard, and does not affect killing and yanking
|
|
from the kill-ring within Emacs.
|
|
|
|
@node Garbled clipboard
|
|
@section How can I fix garbled text yanked from the clipboard?
|
|
@cindex clipboard, corruption of
|
|
@cindex garbage on the clipboard
|
|
@cindex clipboard encoding
|
|
@cindex encoding, clipboard
|
|
@findex set-selection-coding-system
|
|
|
|
You can try @code{set-selection-coding-system}, but generally such
|
|
corruption is a thing of the past, as Emacs uses Unicode for the clipboard
|
|
by default now.
|
|
|
|
@node Beep sound
|
|
@section How do I change the sound of the Emacs beep?
|
|
@cindex beep, changing the sound
|
|
@cindex sound, changing the beep
|
|
@findex set-message-beep
|
|
|
|
You can use the function @code{set-message-beep} to change the sound
|
|
that Emacs uses for its beep. This affects both console and GUI frames.
|
|
The doc string contains a list of the system sounds you can use.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Fonts and text translation
|
|
@chapter Fonts and text translation
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Font names::
|
|
* Bold and italic::
|
|
* Multilingual fonts::
|
|
* Font menu::
|
|
* Line ends::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Font names
|
|
@section Font names
|
|
@cindex XLFD font names
|
|
@cindex font XLFD name format
|
|
@cindex fontconfig font names in Emacs 23
|
|
@cindex font dialog, using to find font names
|
|
@findex w32-select-font
|
|
@findex x-list-fonts
|
|
|
|
Fonts in Emacs 22 and earlier are named using the X Logical Font
|
|
Description (XLFD) format. Emacs on Windows ignores many of the
|
|
fields, and populates them with * when listing fonts. Former
|
|
maintainer Andrew Innes wrote
|
|
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs/discuss/x-font-details,
|
|
this explanation} of what each field in the font string means and how
|
|
Emacs treated them back in 19.34. Since then, multilingual support and
|
|
a redisplay overhaul to support variable width fonts have changed things
|
|
slightly; more character sets are recognized (and the old pseudo character
|
|
sets are deprecated), and the resolution fields are used to calculate the
|
|
difference between point and pixel sizes, but normally you should leave
|
|
these at the system default. The foundry field is also populated with
|
|
an indication of whether the font is outline (.TTF, .ATM) or raster (.FON)
|
|
based when fonts are listed, which may let you differentiate between two
|
|
fonts with the same name and different technologies.
|
|
|
|
Starting with Emacs 23, the preferred font name format will be moving
|
|
to the simpler and more flexible fontconfig format. XLFD names will
|
|
continue to be supported for backward compatibility.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
XLFD: -*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-13-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-1
|
|
Fontconfig: Courier New-13
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To find the XFLD name for a font, you can execute the following in the
|
|
@file{*scratch*} buffer by pressing C-j at the end of the line:
|
|
@example
|
|
(w32-select-font nil t)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
To see a complete list of fonts, execute the following in the
|
|
@file{*scratch*} buffer by pressing C-x C-e at the end of the line:
|
|
@example
|
|
(insert (prin1-to-string (x-list-fonts "*")))
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The command line options and frame-parameters for changing the default font
|
|
in Emacs are documented in the manual. Fonts can also be used when defining
|
|
faces, though family and size are generally specified individually there.
|
|
In addition, Emacs on Windows reads the registry to find X Resources. This
|
|
is also documented in the manual.
|
|
|
|
@node Bold and italic
|
|
@section How can I get bold and italic fonts to work?
|
|
@cindex italic fonts
|
|
@cindex synthesized italic and bold fonts
|
|
@cindex bold fonts, synthesized
|
|
@findex set-face-font
|
|
@vindex w32-enable-synthesized-fonts
|
|
|
|
Emacs will only use the italic (and bold) versions of a font automatically
|
|
if it has the same width as the normal version. Many fonts have italic
|
|
and bold versions that are slightly wider. It will also only use real
|
|
bold and italic fonts by default, where other applications may use
|
|
synthesized variations that are derived from the normal font. To enable
|
|
more italic and bold fonts to be displayed, you can enable synthesized fonts
|
|
and manually set the font for italic, bold and bold-italic as follows:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq w32-enable-synthesized-fonts t)
|
|
(set-face-font 'italic "-*-Courier New-normal-i-*-*-11-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-1")
|
|
(set-face-font 'bold-italic "-*-Courier New-bold-i-*-*-11-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-1")
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The @code{w32-enable-synthesized-fonts} variable is obsolete starting
|
|
from Emacs 24.4, as Emacs no longer has this limitation.
|
|
|
|
@node Multilingual fonts
|
|
@section Multilingual font support
|
|
@cindex multilingual display, fonts
|
|
@cindex MULE, fonts
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Language display::
|
|
* Non-latin display::
|
|
* International fonts::
|
|
* Third-party multibyte::
|
|
* Localized fonts::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Language display
|
|
@subsection Is it possible to display all the supported languages?
|
|
@cindex HELLO file, displaying all
|
|
@cindex language support, fonts
|
|
@cindex GNU intlfonts, for displaying all languages
|
|
@cindex intlfonts, for displaying all languages
|
|
|
|
To display all the languages that Emacs is capable of displaying, you will
|
|
require the BDF fonts from the GNU intlfonts package.
|
|
@xref{Fonts and text translation,,How do I use bdf fonts with Emacs?}.
|
|
|
|
For many languages, native truetype fonts are sufficient, and in Emacs
|
|
23 the need for BDF fonts will disappear for almost all languages. At
|
|
the time of writing, all supported characters are able to be displayed
|
|
with appropriate truetype or opentype fonts.
|
|
|
|
@node Non-latin display
|
|
@subsection How do I get Emacs to display non-latin characters?
|
|
@cindex fontsets, defining
|
|
@cindex language support, forcing Emacs to use specific fonts
|
|
@cindex MULE, fontsets
|
|
@cindex multilingual display, fontsets
|
|
@findex create-fontset-from-ascii-font
|
|
@findex create-fontset-from-fontset-spec
|
|
|
|
Recent versions of Emacs display a large range of characters out of
|
|
the box, but if you are having problems with a particular character
|
|
set which you know you have fonts for, you can try defining a
|
|
new fontset with @code{create-fontset-from-ascii-font} or
|
|
@code{create-fontset-from-fontset-spec}.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(create-fontset-from-fontset-spec
|
|
"-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-fontset-most,
|
|
latin-iso8859-2:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-2,
|
|
latin-iso8859-3:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-3,
|
|
latin-iso8859-4:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-4,
|
|
cyrillic-iso8859-5:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-5,
|
|
greek-iso8859-7:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-7,
|
|
latin-iso8859-9:-*-Courier New-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-iso8859-9,
|
|
japanese-jisx0208:-*-MS Gothic-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208-sjis,
|
|
katakana-jisx0201:-*-MS Gothic-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208-sjis,
|
|
latin-jisx0201:-*-MS Gothic-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208-sjis,
|
|
japanese-jisx0208-1978:-*-MS Gothic-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-jisx0208-sjis,
|
|
korean-ksc5601:-*-Gulim-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-ksc5601-*,
|
|
chinese-gb2312:-*-MS Song-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-gb2312-*,
|
|
chinese-big5-1:-*-MingLiU-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-big5-*,
|
|
chinese-big5-2:-*-MingLiU-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-*-big5-*" t)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, you can augment the default fontset with information of
|
|
which fonts to use for certain ranges of characters or for specific
|
|
scripts/character sets. @xref{Modifying Fontsets,, Modifying
|
|
Fontsets, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for details and some useful
|
|
examples.
|
|
|
|
@node International fonts
|
|
@subsection Where can I find fonts for other languages?
|
|
@cindex language support, finding fonts
|
|
@cindex fonts, where to find
|
|
@cindex MULE, finding fonts
|
|
@cindex multilingual display, finding fonts
|
|
@cindex GNU intlfonts, where to get
|
|
@cindex intlfonts, where to get
|
|
|
|
In addition to the wide range of fonts that come with the language
|
|
support packages of various components of Windows itself, GNU/Linux
|
|
distributions these days come with a number of Free truetype fonts
|
|
that cover a wide range of languages. The GNU Unifont project
|
|
contains glyphs for most of the Unicode codespace, and can be
|
|
downloaded from @uref{http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/unifont, ftp.gnu.org
|
|
mirrors}.
|
|
|
|
@node Third-party multibyte
|
|
@subsection How do I use third party programs to display multibyte characters?
|
|
@cindex multilingual display, third party programs on Windows 9x/ME
|
|
@cindex language support, third party programs on Windows 9x/ME
|
|
@vindex w32-enable-unicode-output
|
|
|
|
You probably only need to do this on the non-Unicode versions of Windows
|
|
(95, 98 and ME), and even then, various Windows and Internet Explorer
|
|
updates have made third party software unnecessary in most cases.
|
|
If you are having trouble displaying text, try defining a fontset
|
|
with the font for the languages that the third party software handles
|
|
set to what that software expects (which may not be an appropriate font
|
|
for that language, but the third party software is intercepting it
|
|
and using a different font behind the scenes).
|
|
@xref{Non-latin display}.
|
|
|
|
@node Localized fonts
|
|
@subsection Can I use a font with a name in my language?
|
|
@cindex fonts, localized font names
|
|
@vindex locale-coding-system
|
|
|
|
Normally Emacs should initialize @code{locale-coding-system} appropriately
|
|
based on your locale, which will let Emacs use font names in your local
|
|
language successfully.
|
|
|
|
@c This feature disappeared in Emacs 23, and was resurrected in 25.1.
|
|
@node Font menu
|
|
@section How can I have Emacs use a font menu like on X?
|
|
@cindex fonts, displaying a menu
|
|
@cindex fontsets, displaying a menu
|
|
@cindex font dialog, using a menu instead
|
|
@vindex w32-use-w32-font-dialog
|
|
|
|
Place the following in your init file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq w32-use-w32-font-dialog nil)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Add fonts to menu::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c This variable had no effect between v23 and v25.1, where
|
|
@c w32-use-w32-font-dialog support was resurrected, see above.
|
|
@node Add fonts to menu
|
|
@subsection How can I add my font to the font menu?
|
|
@cindex font menu, adding fonts
|
|
@vindex w32-fixed-font-alist
|
|
|
|
If you have set w32-use-w32-font-dialog to @code{nil}, you can add fonts to
|
|
the font menu by changing @code{w32-fixed-font-alist}. For example:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq w32-fixed-font-alist
|
|
(append w32-fixed-font-alist
|
|
'(("Monotype.com"
|
|
("8" "-*-Monotype.com-normal-r-*-*-11-*-*-*-c-iso8859-1")
|
|
("9" "-*-Monotype.com-normal-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-c-iso8859-1")
|
|
("10" "-*-Monotype.com-normal-r-*-*-13-*-*-*-c-iso8859-1")
|
|
("11" "-*-Monotype.com-normal-r-*-*-15-*-*-*-c-iso8859-1")))))
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Line ends
|
|
@section How can I control CR/LF translation?
|
|
@cindex DOS line ends
|
|
@cindex Unix line ends
|
|
@cindex Mac line ends
|
|
|
|
There are a number of methods by which you can control automatic CR/LF
|
|
translation in Emacs, a situation that reflects the fact that the
|
|
default support was not very robust in the past. For a discussion of
|
|
this issue, take a look at
|
|
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs/todo/translate,
|
|
this collection of email messages} on the topic.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Automatic line ends::
|
|
* Line ends by file system::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Automatic line ends
|
|
@subsection Automatic CR/LF translation
|
|
@cindex line ends, automatic detection
|
|
|
|
For existing files, Emacs scans the file to determine the line ending
|
|
convention as part of the same scan it does to determine the file
|
|
encoding. Embedded Ctrl-M (ASCII 13) characters and inconsistent line
|
|
ends can confuse the automatic scanning, and Emacs will present the
|
|
file in Unix (LF) mode with the Ctrl-M characters displayed as @samp{^M}.
|
|
It does this to be safe, as no data loss will occur if the file is really
|
|
binary and the Ctrl-M characters are significant.
|
|
|
|
@node Line ends by file system
|
|
@subsection CR/LF translation by file system
|
|
@cindex line ends, determining by filesystem
|
|
@cindex binary files, determining by filesystem
|
|
@vindex untranslated-filesystem-list
|
|
@findex add-untranslated-filesystem
|
|
@findex remove-untranslated-filesystem
|
|
|
|
The variable @code{untranslated-filesystem-list} defines whole
|
|
directory trees that should not have CR/LF autodetection performed on
|
|
them. The list can be manipulated with the functions
|
|
@code{add-untranslated-filesystem} and
|
|
@code{remove-untranslated-filesystem}. With auto-detection in
|
|
recent versions of Emacs, this is seldom useful for existing files,
|
|
but can still be used to influence the choice of line ends for newly
|
|
created files.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Printing
|
|
@chapter Printing
|
|
@cindex printing
|
|
|
|
A lot of effort has gone into making it easier to print from Emacs on
|
|
MS Windows, but this has still been insufficient to keep up with
|
|
changes in printing technology from text and postscript based printers
|
|
connected via ports that can be accessed directly, to graphical
|
|
printers that are only accessible via USB. For details, see
|
|
@uref{http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/PrintingFromEmacs, Emacs
|
|
Wiki}, @uref{http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/PrintWithWebBrowser}, and
|
|
@uref{http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/PrintFromWindowsExplorer}.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Sub-processes
|
|
@chapter Subprocesses
|
|
@cindex subprocesses
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Quoting issues::
|
|
* Subprocess hang::
|
|
* Subprocess buffering::
|
|
* Subprocesses and floppy drive::
|
|
* Killing subprocesses::
|
|
* Subprocess EOF::
|
|
* Using shell::
|
|
* Cygwin paths::
|
|
* Dired ls::
|
|
* Shell echo::
|
|
* Shell completion forward slash::
|
|
* Incorrect DOS version::
|
|
* Shell commands do nothing::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Quoting issues
|
|
@section Quoting issues
|
|
@cindex quoting arguments to subprocesses
|
|
@cindex sub-processes, quoting arguments to
|
|
@cindex cygwin, quoting arguments
|
|
|
|
The quoting rules for native Windows shells and Cygwin shells have
|
|
some subtle differences. When Emacs spawns subprocesses, it tries to
|
|
determine whether the process is a Cygwin program and changes its
|
|
quoting mechanism appropriately.
|
|
|
|
@node Subprocess hang
|
|
@section Programs reading input hang
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, hanging when reading input
|
|
@cindex full-screen console programs, as subprocesses
|
|
@cindex ftp, client hanging
|
|
@findex ftp
|
|
|
|
Programs that explicitly use a handle to the console (@file{CON} or
|
|
@file{CON:}) instead of stdin and stdout cannot be used as
|
|
subprocesses to Emacs, and they will also not work in shell-mode. The
|
|
default ftp client on Windows is an example of such a program - this
|
|
ftp program is mostly fine for use with @code{ange-ftp} or
|
|
@code{tramp}, but not for @kbd{M-x ftp} (@pxref{Network access,,How do
|
|
I use FTP within Emacs}). There is no convenient way for either Emacs
|
|
or any shell used in @code{shell-mode} to redirect the input and
|
|
output of such processes from the console to input and output pipes.
|
|
The only workaround is to use a different implementation of the
|
|
program that does not use the console directly. Microsoft's new
|
|
PowerShell appears to be another such program, so that cannot be used
|
|
as a replacement shell for Emacs.
|
|
|
|
@node Subprocess buffering
|
|
@section Buffering in shells and subprocesses
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, buffering output
|
|
@cindex output not displaying, subprocesses
|
|
@cindex SQL subprocess hanging
|
|
@cindex cvs hanging when login needed
|
|
@cindex ssh, password prompt not appearing when using with cvs
|
|
@findex sql-mode
|
|
@findex shell-mode
|
|
@cindex setbuf, using in subprocesses to prevent buffering
|
|
@cindex setvbuf, using in subprocesses to prevent buffering
|
|
|
|
You may notice that some programs, when run in a shell in
|
|
@code{shell-mode},
|
|
have their output buffered (e.g., people have found this happening to
|
|
them with @code{sql-mode}). When the program has a lot of output, it
|
|
overflows the buffering and gets printed to the shell buffer; however,
|
|
if the program only outputs a small amount of text, it will remain
|
|
buffered and won't appear in the shell buffer. The same can happen
|
|
in other subprocesses that themselves run other programs as
|
|
subprocesses, for example when using @command{cvs} from Emacs, which
|
|
is itself configured to use @command{ssh}, password prompts fail to
|
|
appear when expected, and @command{cvs} appears to hang.
|
|
|
|
Although it may at first seem like the shell is buffering the output
|
|
from the program, it is actually the program that is buffering
|
|
output. The C runtime typically decides how to buffer output based
|
|
upon whether stdout is bound to a handle to a console window or
|
|
not. If bound to a console window, output is buffered line by line; if
|
|
bound to a block device, such as a file, output is buffered block by
|
|
block.
|
|
|
|
In a shell buffer, stdout is a pipe handle and so is buffered in
|
|
blocks. If you would like the buffering behavior of your program to
|
|
behave differently, the program itself is going to have to be changed;
|
|
you can use @code{setbuf} and @code{setvbuf} to manipulate
|
|
the buffering semantics.
|
|
|
|
Some programs handle this by having an explicit flag to control their
|
|
buffering behavior, typically @option{-i} for interactive, or by a
|
|
special environment variable. Other programs manage to detect that
|
|
they are running under Emacs, by using @samp{getenv("emacs")}
|
|
internally. Look in the program's documentation for the way around
|
|
this issue.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Perl script buffering::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Perl script buffering
|
|
@subsection Perl script buffering
|
|
@cindex perl, avoiding buffering when used as a subprocess of Emacs
|
|
|
|
A handy solution for Perl scripts to the above problem is to use:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
# Turn all buffering off.
|
|
select((select(STDOUT), $| = 1)[0]);
|
|
select((select(STDERR), $| = 1)[0]);
|
|
select((select(STDIN), $| = 1)[0]);
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Subprocesses and floppy drive
|
|
@section 16-bit subprocesses accessing the floppy drive
|
|
@cindex floppy drive, access when subprocesses started
|
|
@cindex subprocess starting causes floppy drive access
|
|
|
|
If you are finding the 16 bit DOS subprocesses cause your A: drive to
|
|
be accessed, hanging Emacs until the read times out if there is no
|
|
floppy in the drive, check to see if your virus software is causing
|
|
the problem.
|
|
|
|
@node Killing subprocesses
|
|
@section Killing subprocesses on Windows 95/98/Me
|
|
@cindex subprocess, killing on Windows 95/98/ME
|
|
@cindex killing subprocesses, Windows 95/98/ME
|
|
@cindex shutdown, complaints about cmdproxy.exe running
|
|
|
|
Emacs cannot guarantee that a subprocess gets killed on Windows 95 and
|
|
its descendants, and it is a difficult limitation to work around. To
|
|
avoid problems on these systems, you should let subprocesses run to
|
|
completion including explicitly exiting shells before killing the
|
|
associated buffer.
|
|
|
|
If you find that while shutting down, Windows complains that there is
|
|
a running @command{cmdproxy.exe} even though you carefully exited all
|
|
shells and none were showing in Task Manager before the shutdown, this
|
|
could be due to buggy interaction with your virus scanner.
|
|
|
|
@node Subprocess EOF
|
|
@section Sending EOF to subprocesses
|
|
@cindex EOF, sending to subprocesses
|
|
@cindex shell terminates when EOF sent to subprocess
|
|
@findex process-send-eof
|
|
|
|
When an EOF is sent to a subprocess running in an interactive shell
|
|
with @code{process-send-eof}, the shell terminates unexpectedly as
|
|
if its input was closed. This affects the use of @kbd{C-c C-d} in
|
|
shell buffers. See
|
|
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs/todo/shell-ctrl-d,
|
|
this discussion} for more details.
|
|
|
|
@node Using shell
|
|
@section How do I use a shell in Emacs?
|
|
@cindex interactive shell, using
|
|
@cindex shell within emacs, using
|
|
@findex shell
|
|
@findex shell-command
|
|
@vindex shell-file-name
|
|
@vindex explicit-shell-file-name
|
|
|
|
You can start an interactive shell in Emacs by typing @kbd{M-x shell}.
|
|
By default, this will start the standard Windows shell @file{cmd.exe}.
|
|
Emacs uses the @env{SHELL} environment variable to determine which
|
|
program to use as the shell. To instruct Emacs to use a non-default
|
|
shell, you can either set this environment variable, or customize
|
|
@code{explicit-shell-file-name}. You can also customize
|
|
@code{shell-file-name} to change the shell that will be used by
|
|
subprocesses that are started with @code{shell-command} and
|
|
related non-interactive shell commands.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Bash::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Bash
|
|
@subsection bash
|
|
@cindex cygwin bash as shell within Emacs
|
|
@cindex shell, using cygwin bash within Emacs
|
|
@cindex bash, using cygwin shell within Emacs
|
|
@vindex comint-scroll-show-maximum-output
|
|
@vindex comint-completion-addsuffix
|
|
@vindex comint-eol-on-send
|
|
@vindex w32-quote-process-args
|
|
@vindex shell-mode-hook
|
|
|
|
Cygwin bash is a popular shell for use with Emacs. To use bash as the
|
|
default shell in Emacs, you can place the following in your init file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(defun my-shell-setup ()
|
|
"For Cygwin bash under Emacs 20"
|
|
(setq comint-scroll-show-maximum-output 'this)
|
|
(make-variable-buffer-local 'comint-completion-addsuffix))
|
|
(setq comint-completion-addsuffix t)
|
|
;; (setq comint-process-echoes t) ;; reported that this is no longer needed
|
|
(setq comint-eol-on-send t)
|
|
(setq w32-quote-process-args ?\")
|
|
|
|
(add-hook 'shell-mode-hook 'my-shell-setup)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
WARNING: Some versions of bash set and use the environment variable
|
|
PID. For some as yet unknown reason, if @env{PID} is set and Emacs
|
|
passes it on to bash subshells, bash dies (Emacs can inherit the
|
|
@env{PID} variable if it's started from a bash shell). If you clear
|
|
the @env{PID} variable in your init file, you should be able to
|
|
continue to use bash as your subshell:
|
|
@example
|
|
(setenv "PID" nil)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Cygwin paths
|
|
@section How do I use Cygwin style paths in Emacs?
|
|
@cindex cygwin paths, using within Emacs
|
|
@cindex mount points, cygwin
|
|
@cindex cygwin mount points, using within Emacs
|
|
|
|
The package
|
|
@uref{http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/cygwin-mount.el,
|
|
cygwin-mount.el} teaches Emacs about Cygwin mount points.
|
|
|
|
@node Dired ls
|
|
@section How do I make dired use my ls program?
|
|
@cindex dired, using an external ls program
|
|
@cindex dired, interpreting symlinks the same way as cygwin
|
|
@cindex symlinks in dired, interpreting the same way as cygwin
|
|
@cindex cygwin symlinks in dired
|
|
@vindex ls-lisp-use-insert-directory-program
|
|
@vindex insert-directory-program
|
|
|
|
Dired uses an internal lisp implementation of @command{ls} by default
|
|
on Windows. For consistent display of symbolic links and other
|
|
information with other programs (eg Cygwin) and performance reasons,
|
|
you may want to use a Windows port of @command{ls} instead.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq ls-lisp-use-insert-directory-program t) ;; use external ls
|
|
(setq insert-directory-program "c:/cygwin/bin/ls") ;; ls program name
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Shell echo
|
|
@section How do I prevent shell commands from being echoed?
|
|
@cindex echo, suppressing for shell input
|
|
@cindex shell commands, suppressing echo
|
|
@vindex comint-process-echoes
|
|
@vindex comint-mode-hook
|
|
@vindex explicit-cmd.exe-args
|
|
@vindex explicit-cmdproxy.exe-args
|
|
@vindex explicit-bash.exe-args
|
|
@vindex explicit-bash-args
|
|
@cindex shell specific arguments
|
|
|
|
Some shells echo the commands that you send to them, and the echoed
|
|
commands appear in the output buffer. In particular, the default
|
|
shells, @command{command.com} and @command{cmd.exe}, have this behavior.
|
|
|
|
To prevent echoed commands from being printed, you can place the
|
|
following in your init file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(defun my-comint-init ()
|
|
(setq comint-process-echoes t))
|
|
(add-hook 'comint-mode-hook 'my-comint-init)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
If @code{shell-mode} still is not stripping echoed commands, then
|
|
you'll have to explicitly tell the shell to not echo commands. You can
|
|
do this by setting the @code{explicit-@var{SHELL}-args} variable
|
|
appropriately; where @var{SHELL} is the value of your @env{SHELL}
|
|
environment variable (do a @kbd{M-: (getenv "SHELL")} to see what it
|
|
is currently set to). Assuming that you are on NT and that your
|
|
@env{SHELL} environment variable is set to @command{cmd.exe},
|
|
then placing the following in your init file will tell
|
|
@command{cmd.exe} to not echo commands:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq explicit-cmd.exe-args '("/q"))
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The comint package will use the value of this variable as an argument
|
|
to @command{cmd.exe} every time it starts up a new shell; the
|
|
@option{/q} is the argument to @command{cmd.exe} that stops the
|
|
echoing (invoking @samp{cmd /?} in a shell will show you all of the
|
|
command line arguments to @command{cmd.exe}).
|
|
|
|
Note that this variable is case sensitive; if the value of your
|
|
@env{SHELL} environment variable is @command{CMD.EXE} instead, then
|
|
this variable needs to be named @code{explicit-CMD.EXE-args} instead.
|
|
|
|
@node Shell completion forward slash
|
|
@section How can I make shell completion use forward slashes?
|
|
@cindex completion, using forward slashes in shell buffers
|
|
@cindex forward slashes for completion in shell buffers
|
|
@vindex comint-completion-addsuffix
|
|
|
|
The character appended to directory names when completing in a shell
|
|
buffer is controlled by the variable @code{comint-completion-addsuffix}.
|
|
See its documentation (with @kbd{C-h v}) for details.
|
|
|
|
@node Incorrect DOS version
|
|
@section Why do I get incorrect DOS version messages?
|
|
@cindex nmake, Incorrect DOS version messages
|
|
@cindex shell, Incorrect DOS version messages
|
|
@cindex COMSPEC, effect on subprocesses of subprocesses
|
|
|
|
This might happen if, for example, you invoke @command{nmake} in a
|
|
shell and it tries to create sub-shells. The problem happens because
|
|
when the shell is initially created, the first argument to the shell
|
|
is not the directory in which the shell program resides. When this
|
|
happens, @command{command.com} fabricates a value for its
|
|
@env{COMSPEC} environment variable that is incorrect. Then, when
|
|
other programs go to use @env{COMSPEC} to find the shell, they are
|
|
given the wrong value.
|
|
|
|
The fix for this is to either prevent any arguments from being sent to
|
|
the shell when it starts up (in which case @command{command.com} will
|
|
use a default, and correct, value for @env{COMSPEC}), or to have the
|
|
first argument be the directory in which the shell executable resides.
|
|
|
|
@node Shell commands do nothing
|
|
@section Why is nothing happening when I enter shell commands?
|
|
@cindex shell commands not working
|
|
@cindex anti-virus software, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex virus software, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex firewall, bad interaction with
|
|
@cindex scan all files, anti-virus option causing problems
|
|
@cindex auto protect, anti-virus option causing problems
|
|
@cindex shell, interacting badly with anti-virus
|
|
|
|
Some anti-virus software has been reported to cause problems with
|
|
shells in the past. Try turning off options such as ``Scan all
|
|
files''. @xref{Installing Emacs,,What known problems are there with anti-virus software?}.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Network access
|
|
@chapter Network access
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Mail::
|
|
* Attachments with Gnus::
|
|
* Using FTP::
|
|
* Tramp ssh::
|
|
* telnet::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Mail
|
|
@section How do I use mail in Emacs?
|
|
|
|
Emacs comes with several options for reading and writing mail. These
|
|
are documented in the manual, and the choice of which method to use
|
|
depends on personal taste. There are some issues specific to Windows
|
|
however, related to the fact that Windows machines do not have the
|
|
mail infrastructure that is commonly installed on other platforms, so
|
|
mail will not work without some configuration.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Outgoing mail::
|
|
* Incoming mail with Rmail::
|
|
* Incoming mail with Gnus::
|
|
* Incoming mail other::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Outgoing mail
|
|
@subsection Outgoing mail
|
|
@cindex mail, outgoing
|
|
@cindex smtp server
|
|
@vindex user-full-name
|
|
@vindex user-mail-address
|
|
@vindex smtpmail-default-smtp-server
|
|
@vindex smtpmail-smtp-server
|
|
@vindex send-mail-command
|
|
@vindex message-send-mail-function
|
|
@findex smtpmail-send-it
|
|
@vindex smtpmail-debug-info
|
|
|
|
For outgoing mail, you will need to use @file{smtpmail.el} which
|
|
allows Emacs to talk directly to SMTP mail servers. This is included
|
|
with Emacs, and can be set up as follows:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setq user-full-name "@var{Your full name}")
|
|
(setq user-mail-address "@var{Your@@email.address}")
|
|
(setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "@var{domain.name.of.your.smtp.server}")
|
|
|
|
(setq send-mail-command 'smtpmail-send-it) ; For mail-mode (Rmail)
|
|
(setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) ; For message-mode (Gnus)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that if you want to change the name of the SMTP server after
|
|
smtpmail is loaded, then you'll need to change
|
|
@code{smtpmail-smtp-server}.
|
|
|
|
If you are experiencing problems with sending large messages, check
|
|
the value of the variable @code{smtpmail-debug-info}. If it is
|
|
non-@code{nil}, you should set it to @code{nil}:
|
|
|
|
@node Incoming mail with Rmail
|
|
@subsection Incoming mail with Rmail and POP3
|
|
@cindex mail, incoming with rmail
|
|
@cindex pop3, using rmail
|
|
@cindex rmail, mail client
|
|
@cindex movemail, using pop3
|
|
@cindex MAILHOST
|
|
@vindex rmail-primary-inbox-list
|
|
@vindex rmail-pop-password-required
|
|
|
|
For incoming mail using the Rmail package and a POP3 server, you will
|
|
need the following configuration:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
(setenv "MAILHOST" "@var{domain.name.of.your.pop3.server}")
|
|
(setq rmail-primary-inbox-list '("po:@var{your logon id}"))
|
|
(setq rmail-pop-password-required t)
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Incoming mail with Gnus
|
|
@subsection Incoming mail with Gnus
|
|
@cindex mail, incoming with Gnus
|
|
@cindex pop3, using Gnus
|
|
@cindex imap, using Gnus
|
|
@cindex gnus, mail and news client
|
|
|
|
Although Gnus started life as a Usenet news reader, it also makes a
|
|
good mail reader, particularly if you subscribe to a lot of mailing
|
|
lists, or you want to use IMAP rather than POP3, which is not
|
|
supported by Rmail. @xref{Top,The Gnus manual,,gnus, The Gnus manual}.
|
|
|
|
@node Incoming mail other
|
|
@subsection Other incoming mail options
|
|
@cindex mail, other options
|
|
@cindex wanderlust, mail and news client
|
|
@cindex vm, mail client
|
|
@cindex mh-e, mail client
|
|
|
|
Other options for reading mail in Emacs include VM, MH-E and Wanderlust.
|
|
MH-E is included with Emacs. The others require lisp or executable code
|
|
that does not come with Emacs, so you should seek help where you
|
|
obtained the packages from if you want to use them.
|
|
|
|
@node Attachments with Gnus
|
|
@section How do I open attachments in Gnus?
|
|
@cindex gnus, attachments
|
|
@cindex attachments, in gnus
|
|
@cindex mail, attachments in gnus
|
|
@cindex .mailcap
|
|
@cindex MIME, configuration for Gnus
|
|
|
|
In your @env{HOME} directory create a file called @file{.mailcap},
|
|
with contents like the following:
|
|
@example
|
|
application/zip "C:/Program Files/7-Zip/7zFM.exe"
|
|
video/* "C:/Program Files/VideoLAN/VLC/vlc.exe"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@strong{Warning:} Associating MIME types with @command{start} or other
|
|
generic Windows commands to open arbitrary files might seem like a
|
|
good idea, but it leaves your system as open to attack as Outlook
|
|
Express was at its worst. Especially dangerous is associating
|
|
application/* or */* in this way.
|
|
|
|
@node Using FTP
|
|
@section How do I use FTP within Emacs?
|
|
@cindex ftp, using within Emacs
|
|
@cindex ange-ftp
|
|
@cindex tramp, ftp
|
|
@cindex remote hosts via ftp
|
|
@vindex ange-ftp-ftp-program-name
|
|
|
|
Windows built in FTP client can be used with ange-ftp. Ange-ftp is
|
|
the Emacs package that provides FTP connectivity to tramp, a
|
|
multi-protocol remote file access package for Emacs that is enabled by
|
|
default.
|
|
|
|
The Windows FTP client does have problems with some firewalls, due to
|
|
lack of passive mode support, so you may want to try an alternative
|
|
ftp client instead. Make sure that the client you are trying is in
|
|
your @env{PATH} before the default Windows client, or rename the
|
|
default Windows client to avoid it getting in the way. Alternatively
|
|
you can customize @code{ange-ftp-ftp-program-name} to the full path to
|
|
the version you are trying. @xref{Other useful ports}.
|
|
|
|
@node Tramp ssh
|
|
@section How do I use Tramp to work in Emacs via SSH?
|
|
@cindex tramp, ssh
|
|
@cindex ssh, accessing remote hosts within Emacs
|
|
@cindex remote hosts via ssh
|
|
@cindex openssh
|
|
@cindex PuTTY
|
|
@cindex plink
|
|
@vindex tramp-default-method
|
|
@vindex tramp-default-method-alist
|
|
|
|
Tramp can use a number of protocols to connect to remote machines to
|
|
read files and even run commands on those files remotely. A popular
|
|
one is ssh. As well as Cygwin versions of openssh, you can use
|
|
PuTTY's command line plink program as the ssh client. The relevant
|
|
methods to use in @code{tramp-default-method} or
|
|
@code{tramp-default-method-alist} for these options are:
|
|
@itemize @w{}
|
|
@item
|
|
openssh
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @code{scp} Uses scp for copying, ssh for shell operations.
|
|
@item @code{ssh} Uses ssh with encoding on stdin/stdout for file transfer.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
PuTTY
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @code{pscp} Uses pscp for copying, plink for shell operations.
|
|
@item @code{plink} Uses plink with encoding on stdin/stdout for file transfer.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node telnet
|
|
@section How do I use telnet with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex telnet, in Emacs
|
|
@findex telnet
|
|
@cindex telnet client, that works with Emacs
|
|
|
|
To use telnet-mode on Windows, you need a telnet client that uses
|
|
stdin and stdout for input and output. The default Windows client is
|
|
a Windows application, and will not work as a subprocess. Several
|
|
options exist, but information that was formerly in this FAQ is out of
|
|
date now, so no concrete pointers are available.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Text and Utility modes
|
|
@chapter Text and Utility modes
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* TeX::
|
|
* Spell check::
|
|
* Encryption::
|
|
* Mouse wheel::
|
|
* Grep::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node TeX
|
|
@section How do I use TeX with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex tex
|
|
@cindex typesetting
|
|
|
|
You will need an implementation of TeX for Windows.
|
|
A number of implementations are listed on the
|
|
@uref{http://www.tug.org/interest.html#free, TeX Users Group} website.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* AUCTeX::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node AUCTeX
|
|
@subsection AUCTeX
|
|
@cindex auctex, precompiled for Windows
|
|
@cindex latex
|
|
@cindex preview-latex
|
|
|
|
AUCTeX is an Emacs package for writing LaTeX files, which also
|
|
includes preview-latex, an Emacs mode for previewing the formatted
|
|
contents of LaTeX documents. Pre-compiled versions for Windows are
|
|
available from
|
|
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/download-for-windows.html, the
|
|
AUCTeX site}.
|
|
|
|
@node Spell check
|
|
@section How do I perform spell checks?
|
|
@cindex spell checking
|
|
@cindex ispell
|
|
@cindex aspell
|
|
@cindex flyspell
|
|
@vindex ispell-program-name
|
|
@findex flyspell-mode
|
|
|
|
Emacs has support for spell checking on demand (@code{ispell}) and as
|
|
your type (@code{flyspell}). Both packages depend on a copy of
|
|
@command{ispell} 3.2 or a compatible spell-checking program.
|
|
GNU Aspell is a popular choice these days, Windows installers are
|
|
available from the @uref{http://aspell.net/win32/, official site}.
|
|
Another possibility is Hunspell, which is available from
|
|
@uref{https://sourceforge.net/projects/ezwinports/files/?source=navbar,
|
|
the ezwinports site}.
|
|
|
|
Once installed, you will need to configure @code{ispell-program-name}
|
|
to tell ispell and flyspell to use @command{aspell} or
|
|
@command{hunspell} as a replacement for ispell. You can include the
|
|
full path to the @file{aspell}/@file{hunspell} binary, which means you
|
|
do not need to add its installation directory to the @env{PATH}.
|
|
|
|
@node Encryption
|
|
@section Emacs and encryption
|
|
@cindex encryption
|
|
@cindex gpg, Windows binaries
|
|
@cindex pgp encryption, with GNU Privacy Guard
|
|
@cindex signatures on Emacs distribution, checking
|
|
@cindex Emacs distribution, checking digital signatures
|
|
|
|
GNU Privacy Guard is a Free replacement for PGP, with Windows binaries
|
|
available. See @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/}.
|
|
|
|
@node Mouse wheel
|
|
@section Why doesn't my wheel mouse work in Emacs?
|
|
@cindex mouse wheel
|
|
@cindex wheel mouse
|
|
@cindex middle button, on wheel mouse
|
|
@cindex scrolling, with mouse wheel
|
|
|
|
Some wheel mice ship with default settings that do not send the
|
|
standard wheel events to programs, but instead try to simulate scroll
|
|
bar events. Usually this is configurable from the hardware specific
|
|
pages on the mouse control panel. The middle button is often mapped
|
|
in the same settings to have some functionality other than sending
|
|
middle mouse button events. In some cases, uninstalling the
|
|
manufacturer's drivers and telling Windows to use the generic USB or
|
|
PS/2 drivers is the only way to make the mouse work properly.
|
|
|
|
@node Grep
|
|
@section How do I use grep with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex searching through files with grep
|
|
@cindex grep
|
|
@cindex findstr
|
|
@findex grep
|
|
|
|
The best way to use @kbd{M-x grep} with Emacs is to download a port of
|
|
GNU @command{grep}. @xref{Other useful ports}.
|
|
|
|
If you want a quick solution without installing extra tools, a poor
|
|
substitute that works for simple text searches is to specify the built
|
|
in Windows command @command{findstr} as the command to run at the
|
|
@kbd{M-x grep} prompt. Normally you will want to use the @option{/n}
|
|
argument to @command{findstr}.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Recursive grep::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Recursive grep
|
|
@subsection How do I do a recursive grep?
|
|
@cindex recursive searching with grep
|
|
@cindex grep, recursive through subdirectories
|
|
@cindex findstr, recursive
|
|
@cindex find, using with grep
|
|
@cindex find, the POSIX command
|
|
@findex rgrep
|
|
@findex grep-find
|
|
@findex find-grep-dired
|
|
@vindex find-program
|
|
@vindex grep-find-command
|
|
|
|
The Emacs commands @code{rgrep}, @code{grep-find}
|
|
and @code{find-grep-dired} are all different interfaces for
|
|
grepping recursively into subdirectories. By default, they use the
|
|
command @command{find} to determine which files to work on, and either
|
|
run @command{grep} directly from find, or use @command{xargs} to batch
|
|
up files and reduce the number of invocations of @command{grep}.
|
|
|
|
Windows also comes with a @command{find} command, but it is not in any
|
|
way compatible with the POSIX @command{find} that Emacs tries to use.
|
|
Emacs expects a @command{find} compatible with GNU findutils.
|
|
@xref{Other useful ports}. After you have installed it, you will need
|
|
to make sure that Emacs finds this version, not the standard Windows
|
|
@command{find} command. You can do this by either renaming the
|
|
Windows command, changing your @env{PATH} to ensure that the directory
|
|
containing the findutils @file{bin} directory comes before the Windows
|
|
system directory, or set the variable @code{find-program} to the full
|
|
path to the findutils @command{find} command.
|
|
|
|
An alternative if you have a recent version of grep is to customize
|
|
@code{grep-find-command} to use @samp{grep -r} instead of both find
|
|
and grep. Another alternative if you don't need the full capabilities
|
|
of grep is to use @samp{findstr /n /r}.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Developing with Emacs
|
|
@chapter Developing with Emacs
|
|
|
|
We recommend using the GNU Compiler Collection for developing C/C++
|
|
code from Emacs. The MinGW development toolchain provides Windows
|
|
ports of GCC and other compilers.
|
|
|
|
The rest of this chapter describes other alternatives which you may
|
|
need to use.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* MSVC::
|
|
* Borland C++ Builder::
|
|
* Version control::
|
|
* Perldb::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node MSVC
|
|
@section How do I use Emacs with Microsoft Visual C++
|
|
|
|
There are two ways you can use Emacs in conjunction with MSVC. You
|
|
can use Emacs as the editor, and do everything else in the DevStudio
|
|
IDE. Or you can use Emacs as an IDE, calling the MSVC command line
|
|
tools to build your project.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* DevStudio::
|
|
* MSVC command line::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node DevStudio
|
|
@subsection Emacs as the text editor for DevStudio
|
|
@cindex DevStudio, using Emacs as editor in
|
|
@cindex MSVC++, using Emacs as editor with
|
|
@cindex Visual Studio, using Emacs as editor in
|
|
@cindex VisEmacs, add in for MS Developer Studio
|
|
|
|
Christopher Payne wrote a Visual Studio add-in that makes Emacs the
|
|
default text editor, this has now been taken over by Jeff Paquette.
|
|
See the following two URLs for details:
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/visemacs/} for the latest version.
|
|
@item @uref{http://www.smathers.net/VisEmacs.htm} for notes on usage.
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node MSVC command line
|
|
@subsection Using MSVC command line tools from Emacs
|
|
@cindex MSVC++, compiling within Emacs
|
|
@findex compile
|
|
|
|
This is an app note on how to use Microsoft Visual C++ with Emacs. The
|
|
experiments done below were done with Emacs 19.34.1 on Windows 95,
|
|
using Visual C++ 4.0 Standard Edition. Your mileage may vary.
|
|
|
|
This writeup assumes minimal knowledge of Emacs hacking on the part of
|
|
the reader.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* VC++ environment::
|
|
* Default compile command::
|
|
* Reverting buffers::
|
|
* Edit MSVC::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node VC++ environment
|
|
@subsubsection VC++ Environment Variables
|
|
@cindex vcvars32.bat
|
|
@cindex MSVC++, environment variables
|
|
|
|
There is a batch file in your VC++ installation's bin directory called
|
|
@file{vcvars32.bat}, which sets up the environment variables needed to
|
|
run the VC++ command line tools. Arrange for those same environment
|
|
variables to be set in your Emacs session. You can do this on Windows
|
|
9x by calling the @file{vcvars32.bat} script from @file{autoexec.bat}.
|
|
On other versions of Windows you can set the environment variables
|
|
globally using the System control panel.
|
|
|
|
For all versions of Windows you can alternatively set the variables
|
|
just inside Emacs by using @code{setenv} calls in your init file.
|
|
@xref{Installing Emacs,,Where do I put my init file?}.
|
|
|
|
You should now be able to compile from Emacs. Load a source file from
|
|
a VC++ project. Type @kbd{M-x compile}. Replace the proposed command line
|
|
with:
|
|
@example
|
|
nmake -f @var{ProjectName}.mak
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
You will find that this defaults to a debug build. You can change it
|
|
to a release build with:
|
|
@example
|
|
nmake -f @var{ProjectName}.mak CFG="@var{ProjectName} - Win32 Release"
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Default compile command
|
|
@subsubsection Setting the default compile command
|
|
@cindex compile, setting default command
|
|
@cindex nmake, as default compile command
|
|
@vindex compile-command
|
|
|
|
Now set the default value for the compile command line. Add the
|
|
following to your init file:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
;; Set up for Visual C++ compiling
|
|
(setq compile-command "nmake -f ")
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
If you work on the same project long term, you can add the project
|
|
makefile to the string.
|
|
|
|
David Biesack suggests that perhaps it's
|
|
easy to write a @file{Makefile} in the project directory which does
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
PROJECT=MyProject
|
|
all: debug
|
|
debug: FORCE
|
|
nmake /f $(PROJECT).mak CFG="$(PROJECT) - Win32 Debug"
|
|
release: FORCE
|
|
nmake /f $(PROJECT).mak CFG="$(PROJECT) - Win32 Release"
|
|
FORCE:
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
and then you can simply change compile-command to @command{nmake}.
|
|
|
|
Caleb T. Deupree reports that on VC++
|
|
5.0 and up, "You can also set an option in Options/Build to export a
|
|
makefile every time the project is saved, which you can then use to
|
|
compile with @samp{nmake -f project.mak}." VC++ 4.0 builds the make file
|
|
every time, and there is no option.
|
|
|
|
@node Reverting buffers
|
|
@subsubsection Reverting Buffers
|
|
@cindex DevStudio, keeping source in sync
|
|
@cindex Visual Studio, keeping source in sync
|
|
@cindex MSVC++, keeping source in sync
|
|
@findex auto-revert-mode
|
|
@findex global-auto-revert-mode
|
|
|
|
It is recommended that you use @code{auto-revert-mode} in buffers
|
|
that you have open in both Emacs and MSVC++ at the same time. Then if
|
|
you mistakenly edit the file in MSVC++, Emacs will pick up your
|
|
changes immediately, rather than after you have written lots more code
|
|
and attempt to save.
|
|
|
|
@node Edit MSVC
|
|
@subsubsection Edit with Emacs function for MSVC
|
|
@cindex DevStudio, load in Emacs command
|
|
@cindex Visual Studio, load in Emacs command
|
|
@cindex MSVC++, load in Emacs command
|
|
@cindex emacsclient, calling from Visual Studio
|
|
|
|
You can also set up VC++ to import a file into Emacs for you, all
|
|
ready for editing. In VC++, go to the @code{Tools} pull-down menu, and
|
|
click on @code{Customize...}. In the @code{Tools} tab, click on
|
|
@code{Add}. Use @code{Browse} to locate the
|
|
@file{emacsclientw.exe} file in your Emacs bin directory, and
|
|
select it. For arguments, use @option{+$(CurLine)}
|
|
@option{"$(FilePath)"} and for the directory use the @code{$(WkspDir)}
|
|
(the quotes around FilePath handle paths with spaces in them). Set the
|
|
Menu Text to say "Em&acs". The @option{+$(CurLine)} will set point in
|
|
Emacs to the same line as the cursor position in VC++. The ampersand
|
|
in the word @code{Em&acs} allows you to select emacs from the keyboard.
|
|
(E is already used for the OLE control test container.)
|
|
|
|
You should now be able to go to any source file in your project. Then,
|
|
use the pull-down menu @code{Tools->Emacs}. The active file in your
|
|
VC++ IDE should now be front and center in Emacs, all ready to edit as
|
|
you wish. If you use keystrokes to work the menus, try @kbd{Alt-T A} to
|
|
move the file into Emacs. Binding this tool to a keystroke will be
|
|
left as an exercise for the student.
|
|
|
|
If you have the option of saving files before running tools, make sure
|
|
this option is set. (I don't see it on VC++ 4.0.)
|
|
|
|
@node Borland C++ Builder
|
|
@section Emacs and Borland C++ Builder
|
|
@cindex Borland C++, integration with Emacs
|
|
|
|
Jonathan Arnold has written an
|
|
@uref{http://www.buddydog.org/C++Builder/c++builder.html, EmacsEdit
|
|
``expert''} for interfacing C++ Builder and Emacs.
|
|
|
|
@node Version control
|
|
@section Is there a version of my VC software I can use with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex version control, integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex revision control, integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex source control, integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex cvs, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex rcs, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex svn, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex git, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex bzr, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex arch, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex mercurial, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex hg, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
@cindex monotone, version control integration with Emacs
|
|
|
|
If you are using a graphical revision control tool already, check if
|
|
it comes with command-line tools. Many such GUI tools are just
|
|
wrappers for the same command line tools that Emacs requires for its
|
|
VC integration. Most of the supported VC systems have well supported
|
|
Free native Windows binaries. For those that don't Cygwin may be an option.
|
|
@xref{Other useful ports}.
|
|
|
|
@node Perldb
|
|
@section How do I use the Perl debugger with Emacs?
|
|
@cindex perl, debugging within Emacs
|
|
@cindex perldb, using with Emacs
|
|
|
|
From Jay Rogers:
|
|
|
|
Some versions of the perl debugger itself need to be patched to work
|
|
with emacs. They are perl versions 5.001 and less, and version
|
|
5.004_01. To fix, locate and change the code similar to the following
|
|
code in lib/perl5db.pl
|
|
@example
|
|
if (-e "/dev/tty") @{
|
|
$console = "/dev/tty";
|
|
$rcfile=".perldb";
|
|
@}
|
|
elsif (-e "con") @{
|
|
$console = ""; <---- change "con" to ""
|
|
$rcfile="perldb.ini";
|
|
@}
|
|
else @{
|
|
$console = "sys\$command";
|
|
$rcfile="perldb.ini";
|
|
@}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Doug Campbell also has some
|
|
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/windows/ntemacs/discuss/perldb,
|
|
suggestions} for improving the interaction of perldb and Emacs.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Other useful ports
|
|
@chapter Other useful ports
|
|
@cindex useful tools
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, useful tools
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Cygwin::
|
|
* MinGW::
|
|
* EZWinPorts::
|
|
* UWIN::
|
|
* GnuWin32::
|
|
* GTK::
|
|
* Read man pages::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Cygwin
|
|
@section Cygwin
|
|
@cindex cygwin environment
|
|
@cindex cygwin, library conflicts
|
|
@cindex library conflicts with cygwin
|
|
@cindex interoperability with cygwin
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, cygwin tools
|
|
@vindex exec-path
|
|
|
|
@uref{http://www.cygwin.com/}.
|
|
|
|
Cygwin is a popular complete POSIX emulation environment for Windows.
|
|
Most of its tools can be used with Emacs, and it covers a wide range
|
|
of ported software. The main shell used by Cygwin is GNU
|
|
@command{bash}, but other shells are also available. Some Cygwin
|
|
tools may not interoperate well with Emacs or other native Windows
|
|
tools, due to the total immersion aspect of Cygwin, including its
|
|
non-native filesystem mapping.
|
|
|
|
If you choose to use Cygwin, then its tools will probably be all that
|
|
you need, but you will need to get image libraries from elsewhere, as
|
|
the Cygwin ones are not compatible with non-Cygwin software. In fact,
|
|
if Cygwin is on your PATH when you run Emacs, and Emacs does not find
|
|
other versions of the image libraries first, then the Cygwin ones can
|
|
cause problems. Cygwin developers recommend that you do not put
|
|
Cygwin on your system @env{PATH} for this reason. Instead you can
|
|
make the Cygwin tools available within Emacs by setting @code{exec-path}
|
|
in your init file.
|
|
|
|
@node MinGW
|
|
@section MinGW and MSYS
|
|
@cindex mingw tools
|
|
@cindex msys environment
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, mingw and msys
|
|
|
|
@uref{http://www.mingw.org/}
|
|
|
|
MinGW is a set of development tools that produce native Windows
|
|
executables, not dependent on Cygwin's POSIX emulation DLLs.
|
|
|
|
MSYS is a POSIX shell and minimal set of tools that are commonly used in
|
|
configure scripts. Like Cygwin, this environment uses a non-native
|
|
filesystem mapping to appear more POSIX like to the scripts that it
|
|
runs. This is intended to complement the MinGW tools to make it easier
|
|
to port software to Windows.
|
|
|
|
@node EZWinPorts
|
|
@section EZWinPorts
|
|
@cindex ezwinports
|
|
|
|
The @uref{https://sourceforge.net/projects/ezwinports/, EZWinPorts
|
|
project} provides many useful ports of recent versions of GNU and Unix
|
|
software. This includes all the optional libraries used by Emacs
|
|
(image libraries, libxml2, GnuTLS), RCS, Texinfo, a clone of
|
|
@command{man} command, Grep, xz, bzip2, bsdtar, ID Utils, Findutils,
|
|
Hunspell, Gawk, GNU Make, Groff, GDB.
|
|
|
|
@node UWIN
|
|
@section UWIN
|
|
@cindex uwin environment
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, uwin
|
|
|
|
@uref{http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/uwin/}
|
|
|
|
UWIN is another POSIX emulation environment, like Cygwin and MSYS,
|
|
that provides a large number of ported tools. The shell used by UWIN
|
|
is @command{ksh}, the Korn shell.
|
|
|
|
@node GnuWin32
|
|
@section GnuWin32
|
|
@cindex gnuwin32 tools
|
|
@cindex subprocesses, gnuwin32
|
|
@cindex image libraries, gnuwin32
|
|
@cindex image libraries, development
|
|
|
|
@uref{http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/}
|
|
|
|
GnuWin32 provides precompiled native Windows ports of a wide selection
|
|
of Free software and libraries. Unfortunately, the ports are
|
|
outdated. Tools available here that are useful for Emacs include:
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item Arc - used by @code{archive-mode} to edit .arc files.
|
|
@item Bzip2 - used by Emacs to automatically decompress .bz2 files.
|
|
@item CompFace - used by @code{gnus} to display XFace headers in messages.
|
|
@item CoreUtils - GNU file, shell and text utilities (also in MSYS)
|
|
@item DiffUtils - for @code{ediff} and producing patches
|
|
@item FindUtils - for @code{grep-find} and other file searches.
|
|
@item GifLib - library to support GIF images.
|
|
@item Grep - for searching through files with @code{grep}.
|
|
@item Gzip - used by Emacs to automatically decompress .gz files.
|
|
@item Jpeg - library to support JPEG images (also in GTK).
|
|
@item Lha - used by @code{archive-mode} to edit .lzh files.
|
|
@item LibPng - library to support PNG images (also in GTK).
|
|
@item LibTiff - library to support TIFF images (also in GTK).
|
|
@item Make - used by @code{compile} for building projects (also in MinGW)
|
|
@item OpenSSL - used by @code{gnus} to talk to servers over SSL.
|
|
@item Patch - used by @code{ediff-patch-file} and others to apply patches.
|
|
@item Tar - used by @code{tar-mode} to edit tar files.
|
|
@item TexInfo - used to build Emacs' manuals.
|
|
@item Unzip - used by @code{archive-mode} for extracting zip files.
|
|
@item Xpm - library to support XPM images (bundled with Emacs binaries)
|
|
@item Zip - used by @code{archive-mode} for editing zip files.
|
|
@item Zlib - required by LibPng (also in GTK).
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node GTK
|
|
@section GTK
|
|
@cindex GTK image libraries
|
|
@cindex image libraries, GTK
|
|
@cindex addpm, using GTK image libraries
|
|
|
|
GTK is a potential source for some of the image libraries that Emacs
|
|
requires. GTK is installed along with other ports of GUI software,
|
|
such as the GIMP image editor, and Pidgin instant messenger client.
|
|
If GTK is installed when you run @command{addpm}, Emacs will use the
|
|
image libraries that it provides, even if they are not on the
|
|
@env{PATH}. GTK ships with JPEG, PNG and TIFF support.
|
|
|
|
@node Read man pages
|
|
@section How do I read man pages?
|
|
@cindex man pages
|
|
@findex woman
|
|
@findex man
|
|
|
|
Man pages for Emacs and other ported programs that you have can be
|
|
read using Emacs' built-in manual reader @code{woman}. This
|
|
requires no external programs, but if you do have a port of
|
|
@command{man}, there is also an Emacs wrapper @code{man} that
|
|
which may be slightly faster. A Windows version of @command{man} is
|
|
available from the EZWinPorts site (@pxref{EZWinPorts}).
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Further information
|
|
@chapter Further information
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* More information::
|
|
* Mailing lists::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node More information
|
|
@section Where can I get more information about Emacs?
|
|
@cindex other sources of information
|
|
@cindex faqs, general
|
|
@cindex faqs, old
|
|
@cindex help, manuals and other sources
|
|
@cindex manuals
|
|
@cindex wiki
|
|
|
|
If you have general questions about Emacs, the best places to start
|
|
looking are @ref{Top,,, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, and
|
|
@ref{Top,,, efaq, the standard Emacs FAQ}.
|
|
In Emacs, you can browse the manual using Info by typing @kbd{C-h r},
|
|
and you can view the FAQ by typing @kbd{C-h C-f}. Other resources include:
|
|
|
|
@itemize
|
|
@item @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/, The Emacs homepage}
|
|
@item @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/, Other Emacs manuals}
|
|
@item @uref{http://www.emacswiki.org/, Emacs Wiki}
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@node Mailing lists
|
|
@section What mailing lists are there for discussing Emacs on Windows?
|
|
@cindex mailing lists
|
|
@cindex help, mailing lists
|
|
|
|
The official mailing list for Windows specific help and discussion is
|
|
@url{http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/help-emacs-windows,
|
|
help-emacs-windows}. See that link for information on how to subscribe
|
|
or unsubscribe. The
|
|
@uref{http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-emacs-windows/, list archives}
|
|
are available online.
|
|
|
|
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
@node Indexes
|
|
@unnumbered Indexes
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec Function and Variable Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex fn
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec Concept Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex cp
|
|
|
|
@bye
|