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4077 lines
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4077 lines
152 KiB
Plaintext
\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
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@c $Id: mh-e.texi,v 1.5 2000/10/04 01:04:41 miles Exp $
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@c %**start of header
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@setfilename ../info/mh-e
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@settitle mh-e
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@c %**end of header
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@setchapternewpage odd
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@dircategory Emacs
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@direntry
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* MH-E: (mh-e). Emacs interface to the MH mail system.
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@end direntry
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@c Version variables.
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@set EDITION 1.2
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@set VERSION 5.0.2
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@set UPDATED 22 August 1995
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@set UPDATE-MONTH August 1995
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@ifinfo
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This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED}, of
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@cite{mh-e, The Emacs Interface to MH}, for mh-e, Version
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@value{VERSION}.
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Copyright 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
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Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU
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Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the
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license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
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License'' in the Emacs manual.
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(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify
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this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free
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Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.''
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This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free
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Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document
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separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the
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license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license.
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@end ifinfo
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@titlepage
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@sp 10
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@center @titlefont{mh-e}
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@sp 2
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@center The Emacs Interface to MH
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@sp 2
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@center by Bill Wohler
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@sp 2
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@center Edition @value{EDITION} for mh-e Version @value{VERSION}
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@sp 2
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@center @value{UPDATE-MONTH}
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@page
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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Copyright @copyright{} 1995, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
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Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU
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Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the
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license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
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License'' in the Emacs manual.
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(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify
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this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free
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Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.''
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This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free
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Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document
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separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the
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license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license.
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@end titlepage
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@ifinfo
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@node Top, Preface, (dir), (dir)
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@top MH and Emacs
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This is Edition @value{EDITION} of @cite{mh-e, The Emacs Interface to
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MH}, last updated @value{UPDATED} for mh-e Version @value{VERSION}.
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@menu
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* Preface:: Introduction to mh-e.
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* Tour Through mh-e:: Use mh-e quickly!
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* Using mh-e:: Documentation for all commands.
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* Customizing mh-e:: Documentation for all variables.
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* Odds and Ends:: Getting mh-e, reporting bugs, mailing
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list and FAQ.
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* History:: The authors speak up!
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* Changes to mh-e:: Actual changes between Versions 3 and beyond.
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* Copying:: The GNU General Public License
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* Command Index::
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* Variable Index::
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* Concept Index::
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@end menu
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@end ifinfo
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@node Preface, Tour Through mh-e, Top, Top
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@unnumbered Preface
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@cindex Emacs
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@cindex Unix commands, Emacs
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These chapters introduce another interface to MH that is accessible
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through the GNU Emacs editor, namely, @emph{mh-e}. mh-e is easy to use.
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I don't assume that you know GNU Emacs or even MH at this point, since I
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didn't know either of them when I discovered mh-e. However, mh-e was
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the tip of the iceberg, and I discovered more and more niceties about
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GNU Emacs and MH@. Now I'm fully hooked on both of them.
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@cindex history
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The mh-e package is distributed with GNU Emacs, @footnote{Note that mh-e
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is supported with MH 6 and either @w{Emacs 18} or @w{Emacs 19}.
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Reportedly, large parts of it work with @w{MH 5} and also with
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Lucid/XEmacs and Epoch, but there are no guarantees. It is also
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distributed with Lucid/XEmacs, as well as with MH itself.} so you shouldn't
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have to do anything special to use it. But it's important to note a
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brief history of mh-e. @w{Version 3} was prevalent through the @w{Emacs
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18} and early @w{Emacs 19} years. Then @w{Version 4} came out (@w{Emacs
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19.23}), which introduced several new and changed commands. Finally,
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@w{Version 5.0} was released, which fixed some bugs and
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incompatibilities. This is the version covered by this manual.
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@ref{Getting Started} will help you decide which version you
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have.
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If you don't already use GNU Emacs but want to learn more, you can read
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an online tutorial by starting GNU Emacs and typing @kbd{C-h t}
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(@code{help-with-tutorial}). (This notation is described in
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@ref{Conventions}.) If you want to take the plunge, consult the
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@iftex
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@cite{GNU Emacs Manual},
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@end iftex
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@ifinfo
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@ref{top, , GNU Emacs Manual, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual},
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@end ifinfo
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from the Free Software Foundation.
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If more information is needed, you can go to the Unix manual pages of
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the individual MH commands. When the name is not obvious, I'll guide
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you to a relevant MH manual page that describes the action more fully.
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I hope you enjoy these chapters! If you have any comments, or
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suggestions for this document, please let me know.
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@noindent
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Bill Wohler <@i{wohler@@newt.com}>@*
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8 February 1995
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@node Tour Through mh-e, Using mh-e, Preface, Top
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@chapter Tour Through mh-e
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This chapter introduces some of the terms you'll need to know and then
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takes you on a tour of mh-e. @footnote{The keys mentioned in these
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chapters refer to the default key bindings. If you've changed the
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bindings, refer to the command summaries at the beginning of each major
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section in @ref{Using mh-e}, for a mapping between default key bindings
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and function names.} When you're done, you'll be able to send, read,
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and file mail, which is all that a lot of people ever do. But if you're
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the curious type, you'll read @ref{Using mh-e} to be able to use all
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the features of mh-e. If you're the adventurous type, you'll read
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@ref{Customizing mh-e} to make mh-e do what you want. I suggest you
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read this chapter first to get the big picture, and then you can read
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the other two as you wish.
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@menu
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* Conventions:: GNU Emacs Terms and Conventions
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* Getting Started::
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* Sending Mail Tour::
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* Reading Mail Tour::
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* Processing Mail Tour::
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* Leaving mh-e::
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* More About mh-e::
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@end menu
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@node Conventions, Getting Started, Tour Through mh-e, Tour Through mh-e
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@section GNU Emacs Terms and Conventions
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@cindex Emacs, terms and conventions
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@cindex Emacs
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@cindex Unix commands, Emacs
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If you're an experienced Emacs user, you can skip the following
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conventions and definition of terms and go directly to @ref{Getting
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Started} below. The conventions are as follows:
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@table @kbd
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@item C-x
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Hold down the @key{CTRL} (Control) key and press the @kbd{x} key.
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@item M-x
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Hold down the @key{META} or @key{ALT} key and press the @kbd{x} key.
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Since some keyboards don't have a @key{META} key, you can generate
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@kbd{M-x}, for example, by pressing @key{ESC} (Escape), @emph{releasing
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it}, @footnote{This is emphasized because pressing ESC twice or holding
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it down a second too long so that it repeats gives you an error message.}
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and then pressing the @kbd{x} key.
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@item RET
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Press the @key{RETURN} or @key{ENTER} key. This is normally used to
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complete a command.
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@item SPC
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Press the space bar.
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@item TAB
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Press the @key{TAB} key.
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@item DEL
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Press the @key{DELETE} key. This may also be a Backspace key, depending
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on your keyboard or Emacs configuration.
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@end table
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@cindex Emacs, prefix argument
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@cindex prefix argument
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A @dfn{prefix argument} allows you to pass an argument to any Emacs
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function. To pass an argument, type @kbd{C-u} before the Emacs command
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or keystroke. Numeric arguments can be passed as well. For example, to
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insert five f's, use @kbd{C-u 5 f}. There is a default of four when
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using @kbd{C-u}, and you can use multiple prefix arguments to provide
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arguments of powers of four. To continue our example, you could insert
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four f's with @kbd{C-u f}, 16 f's with @kbd{C-u C-u f}, 64 f's with
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@kbd{C-u C-u C-u f}, and so on. Numeric and valueless negative
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arguments can also be inserted with the @key{META} key. Examples
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include @kbd{M-5} to specify an argument of 5, or @kbd{M--} which
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specifies a negative argument with no particular value.
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@sp 2
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@need 1000
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@center @strong{NOTE}
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@quotation
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The prefix @kbd{C-u} or @kbd{M-} is not necessary in mh-e's MH-Folder
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modes (@pxref{Reading Mail Tour}). In these modes, simply enter the
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numerical argument before entering the command.
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@end quotation
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@cindex point
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@cindex Emacs, point
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@cindex mark
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@cindex Emacs, mark
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@cindex region
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@cindex Emacs, region
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There are several other terms that are used in Emacs that you should
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know. The @dfn{point} is where the cursor currently is. You can save
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your current place in the file by setting a @dfn{mark}. This operation
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is useful in several ways. The mark can be later used when defining a
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@dfn{region}, which is the text between the point and mark. Many
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commands operate on regions, such as those for deleting text or filling
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paragraphs. A mark can be set with @kbd{C-@@} (or @kbd{C-SPC}).
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@cindex minibuffer
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@cindex Emacs, minibuffer
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@cindex file completion
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@cindex Emacs, file completion
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The @dfn{minibuffer} is the bottom line of the Emacs window, where all
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prompting and multiple-character input is directed. If you are prompted
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for information in the minibuffer, such as a filename, Emacs can help
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you complete your answer if you type @key{SPC} or @key{TAB}. A second
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@key{SPC} or @key{TAB} will list all possibilities at that point. The
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minibuffer is also where you enter Emacs function names after typing
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@kbd{M-x}. For example, in the first paragraph, I mentioned that you
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could obtain help with @kbd{C-h t} (@code{help-with-tutorial}). What
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this means is that you can get a tutorial by typing either @kbd{C-h t}
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or @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial}. In the latter case, you are prompted
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for @samp{help-with-tutorial} in the minibuffer after typing @kbd{M-x}.
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@cindex interrupting
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@cindex Emacs, interrupting
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@cindex quitting
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@cindex Emacs, quitting
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@i{In case of trouble:} Emacs can be interrupted at any time with
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@kbd{C-g}. For example, if you've started a command that requests that
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you enter something in the minibuffer, but then you change your mind,
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type @kbd{C-g} and you'll be back where you started. If you want to
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exit Emacs entirely, use @kbd{C-x C-c}.
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@node Getting Started, Sending Mail Tour, Conventions, Tour Through mh-e
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@section Getting Started
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Because there are many old versions of mh-e out there, it is important to
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know which version you have. I'll be talking about @w{Version 5} which
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is similar to @w{Version 4} and vastly different from @w{Version 3}.
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First, enter @kbd{M-x load-library @key{RET} mh-e
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@key{RET}}. @footnote{You wouldn't ordinarily do this.} The message,
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@samp{Loading mh-e...done}, should be displayed in the minibuffer. If
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you get @samp{Cannot open load file: mh-e}, then your Emacs is very
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badly configured, or mh-e is missing. You may wish to have your system
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administrator install a new Emacs or at least the latest mh-e files.
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Having loaded mh-e successfully, enter @kbd{M-x mh-version @key{RET}}.
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The version of mh-e should be displayed. Hopefully it says that you're
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running @w{Version @value{VERSION}} which is the latest version as of
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this printing. If instead Emacs beeps and says @samp{[No match]}, then
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you're running an old version of mh-e.
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If these tests reveal a non-existent or old version of mh-e, please
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consider obtaining a new version. You can have your system
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administrator upgrade the system-wide version, or you can install your
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own personal version. It's really quite easy; instructions for getting
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and installing mh-e are in @ref{Getting mh-e}. In the meantime, see
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@ref{Changes to mh-e}, which compares the old and new names of commands,
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functions, variables, and buffers.
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@cindex @code{install-mh}
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@cindex MH commands, @code{install-mh}
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Also, older versions of mh-e assumed that you had already set up your MH
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environment. Newer versions set up a new MH environment for you by
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running @code{install-mh} and notifying you of this fact with the
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message in a temporary buffer:
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@example
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I'm going to create the standard MH path for you.
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@end example
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Therefore, if you've never run MH before and you're using an old version
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of mh-e, you need to run @code{install-mh} from the shell before you
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continue the tour. If you don't, you'll be greeted with the error
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message: @samp{Can't find MH profile}.
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@cindex @file{.emacs}
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@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
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If, during the tour described in this chapter, you see a message like:
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@samp{Searching for program: no such file or directory,
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/usr/local/bin/mhpath}, it means that the MH programs and files are kept
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in a nonstandard directory. In this case, simply add the following to
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@file{~/.emacs} and restart @code{emacs}.
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@vindex @code{mh-progs}, example
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@vindex @code{mh-lib}, example
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@c XXX Real example for really naive user?
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@example
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@group
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(setq mh-progs "@var{/path/to/MH/binary/directory/}")
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(setq mh-lib "@var{/path/to/MH/library/directory/}")
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@end group
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@end example
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@cindex ~
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The @samp{~} notation used by @file{~/.emacs} above represents your home
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directory. This is used by the @code{bash} and @code{csh} shells. If
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your shell does not support this feature, you could use the environment
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variable @samp{$HOME} (such as @file{$HOME/.emacs}) or the absolute path
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(as in @file{/home/wohler/.emacs}) instead.
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At this point, you should see something like the screen in the
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figure in @ref{Reading Mail Tour}. We're now ready to move on.
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@node Sending Mail Tour, Reading Mail Tour, Getting Started, Tour Through mh-e
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@section Sending Mail
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@cindex sending mail
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@findex @code{mh-smail}
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Let's start our tour by sending ourselves a message which we can later
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read and process. Enter @kbd{M-x mh-smail} to invoke the mh-e program
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to send messages. You will be prompted in the minibuffer by @samp{To:}.
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Enter your login name. The next prompt is @samp{cc:}. Hit @key{RET} to
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indicate that no carbon copies are to be sent. At the @samp{Subject:}
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prompt, enter @kbd{Test} or anything else that comes to mind.
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@cindex MH-Letter mode
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@cindex modes, MH-Letter
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@cindex mode
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Once you've specified the recipients and subject, your message appears
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in an Emacs buffer whose mode @footnote{A @dfn{mode} changes Emacs to
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make it easier to edit a particular type of text.} is MH-Letter.
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Enter some text in the body of the message, using normal Emacs commands.
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You should now have something like this: @footnote{If you're running Emacs
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under the X Window System, then you would also see a menubar. I've left
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out the menubar in all of the example screens.}
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@example
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@group
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@cartouche
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-----Emacs: *scratch* (Lisp Interaction)--All---------------------
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To: wohler
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cc:
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Subject: Test
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--------
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This is a test message to get the wheels churning...#
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--**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All----------------------------------------
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@end cartouche
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@i{mh-e message composition window}
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@end group
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@end example
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@cindex MH-Letter mode
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@cindex modes, MH-Letter
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Note the line of dashes that separates the header and the body of the
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message. It is essential that these dashes (or a blank line) are
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present or the body of your message will be considered to be part of
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the header.
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There are several commands specific to MH-Letter mode, but at
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this time we'll only use @kbd{C-c C-c} to send your message. Type
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@kbd{C-c C-c} now. That's all there is to it!
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@node Reading Mail Tour, Processing Mail Tour, Sending Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e
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@section Receiving Mail
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@cindex reading mail
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@findex @code{mh-rmail}
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@cindex @code{inc}
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@cindex MH commands, @code{inc}
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@cindex @code{scan}
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@cindex MH commands, @code{scan}
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@cindex MH-Folder mode
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@cindex modes, MH-Folder
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To read the mail you've just sent yourself, enter @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}.
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This incorporates the new mail and put the output from @code{inc}
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(called @dfn{scan lines} after the MH program @code{scan} which prints a
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one-line summary of each message) into a buffer called @samp{+inbox}
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whose major mode is MH-Folder.
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@sp 2
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@need 1000
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@center @strong{NOTE}
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@quotation
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The @kbd{M-x mh-rmail} command will show you only new mail, not old
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mail. If you were to run this tour again, you would use @kbd{M-r} to
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pull all your messages into mh-e.
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@end quotation
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You should see the scan line for your message, and perhaps others. Use
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@kbd{n} or @kbd{p} to move the cursor to your test message and type
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@key{RET} to read your message. You should see something like:
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@example
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@group
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@cartouche
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3 24Aug root received fax files on Wed Aug 24 11:00:13 PDT 1994
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# 4+ 24Aug To:wohler Test<<This is a test message to get the wheels chu
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--%%-@{+inbox@} 4 msgs (1-4) (MH-Folder Show)--Bot---------------------
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To: wohler
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Subject: Test
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Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700
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From: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com>
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This is a test message to get the wheels churning...
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-----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot----------------------------------
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@end cartouche
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@i{After incorporating new messages}
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@end group
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@end example
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If you typed a long message, you can view subsequent pages with @key{SPC}
|
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and previous pages with @key{DEL}.
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@node Processing Mail Tour, Leaving mh-e, Reading Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e
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@section Processing Mail
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@cindex processing mail
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The first thing we want to do is reply to the message that we sent
|
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ourselves. Ensure that the cursor is still on the same line as your
|
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test message and type @kbd{r}. You are prompted in the minibuffer with
|
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@samp{Reply to whom:}. Here mh-e is asking whether you'd like to reply
|
|
to the original sender only, to the sender and primary recipients, or to
|
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the sender and all recipients. If you simply hit @key{RET}, you'll
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reply only to the sender. Hit @key{RET} now.
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You'll find yourself in an Emacs buffer similar to that when you were
|
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sending the original message, like this:
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@example
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@group
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@cartouche
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To: wohler
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Subject: Re: Test
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In-reply-to: Bill Wohler's message of Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700
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<199408242001.NAA00505@@newt.com>
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--------
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#
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--**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All----------------------------------------
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To: wohler
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Subject: Test
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Date: Wed, 24 Aug 1994 13:01:13 -0700
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From: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com>
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This is a test message to get the wheels churning...
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-----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot----------------------------------
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Composing a reply...done
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@end cartouche
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@i{Composition window during reply}
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@end group
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@end example
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By default, MH will not add you to the address list of your replies, so
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if you find that the @samp{To:} header field is missing, don't worry.
|
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In this case, type @kbd{C-c C-f C-t} to create and go to the @samp{To:}
|
|
field, where you can type your login name again. You can move around
|
|
with the arrow keys or with @kbd{C-p} (@code{previous-line}), @kbd{C-n}
|
|
(@code{next-line}), @kbd{C-b} (@code{backward-char}), and @kbd{C-f}
|
|
(@code{forward-char}) and can delete the previous character with
|
|
@key{DEL}. When you're finished editing your message, send it with
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-c} as before.
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|
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@cindex folder
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|
|
|
You'll often want to save messages that were sent to you in an organized
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fashion. This is done with @dfn{folders}. You can use folders to keep
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|
messages from your friends, or messages related to a particular topic.
|
|
With your cursor in the MH-Folder buffer and positioned on the message
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you sent to yourself, type @kbd{o} to output (@code{refile} in MH
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parlance) that message to a folder. Enter @kbd{test} at the
|
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@samp{Destination:} prompt and type @kbd{y} (or @key{SPC}) when mh-e
|
|
asks to create the folder @samp{+test}. Note that a @samp{^} (caret)
|
|
appears next to the message number, which means that the message has
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|
been marked for refiling but has not yet been refiled. We'll talk about
|
|
how the refile is actually carried out in a moment.
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|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
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|
|
|
Your previous reply is now waiting in the system mailbox. You
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|
incorporate this mail into your MH-Folder buffer named @samp{+inbox}
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with the @kbd{i} command. Do this now. After the mail is incorporated,
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use @kbd{n} or @kbd{p} to move the cursor to the new message, and read
|
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it with @key{RET}. Let's delete this message by typing @kbd{d}. Note
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that a @samp{D} appears next to the message number. This means that the
|
|
message is marked for deletion but is not yet deleted. To perform the
|
|
deletion (and the refile we did previously), use the @kbd{x} command.
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|
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@findex @code{mh-smail}
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|
|
If you want to send another message you can use @kbd{m} instead of
|
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@kbd{M-x mh-smail}. So go ahead, send some mail to your friends!
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@node Leaving mh-e, More About mh-e, Processing Mail Tour, Tour Through mh-e
|
|
@section Leaving mh-e
|
|
|
|
@cindex Emacs, quitting
|
|
@cindex quitting
|
|
|
|
You may now wish to exit @code{emacs} entirely. Use @kbd{C-x C-c} to
|
|
exit @code{emacs}. If you exited without running @kbd{x} in the
|
|
@samp{+inbox} buffer, Emacs will offer to save it for you. Type @kbd{y}
|
|
or @key{SPC} to save @samp{+inbox} changes, which means to perform any refiles
|
|
and deletes that you did there.
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|
|
If you don't want to leave Emacs, you can type @kbd{q} to bury (hide)
|
|
the mh-e folder or delete them entirely with @kbd{C-x k}. You can then
|
|
later recall them with @kbd{C-x b} or @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}.
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|
|
|
@node More About mh-e, , Leaving mh-e, Tour Through mh-e
|
|
@section More About mh-e
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|
|
|
These are the basic commands to get you going, but there are plenty
|
|
more. If you think that mh-e is for you, read @ref{Using mh-e} and
|
|
@ref{Customizing mh-e} to find out how you can:
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|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
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|
@item
|
|
Print your messages. (@ref{Printing} and @ref{Customizing Printing}.)
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@item
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|
Edit messages and include your signature. (@ref{Draft Editing}
|
|
and @ref{Customizing Draft Editing}.)
|
|
@item
|
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Forward messages. (@ref{Forwarding} and @ref{Customizing Forwarding}.)
|
|
@item
|
|
Read digests. (@ref{Viewing}.)
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@item
|
|
Edit bounced messages. (@ref{Old Drafts} and @ref{Customizing Old Drafts}.)
|
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@item
|
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Send multimedia messages. (@ref{Editing MIME} and @ref{Customizing Editing MIME}.)
|
|
@item
|
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Process mail that was sent with @code{shar} or @code{uuencode}.
|
|
(@ref{Files and Pipes}.)
|
|
@item
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|
Use sequences conveniently. (@ref{Sequences}.)
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|
@item
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|
Show header fields in different fonts. (@ref{Customizing Viewing}.)
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@item
|
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Find previously refiled messages. (@ref{Searching}.)
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@item
|
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Place messages in a file. (@ref{Files and Pipes}.)
|
|
@end itemize
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Remember that you can also use MH commands when you're not running mh-e
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|
(and when you are!).
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|
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@node Using mh-e, Customizing mh-e, Tour Through mh-e, Top
|
|
@chapter Using mh-e
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|
|
|
This chapter leaves the tutorial style and goes into more detail about
|
|
every mh-e command. The default, or "out of the box," behavior is
|
|
documented. If this is not to your liking (for instance, you print with
|
|
something other than @code{lpr)}, see the associated section in
|
|
@ref{Customizing mh-e} which is organized exactly like this chapter.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Emacs, functions; describe-mode
|
|
@cindex Emacs, online help
|
|
@cindex online help
|
|
|
|
There are many commands, but don't get intimidated. There are command
|
|
summaries at the beginning of each section. In case you have or would
|
|
like to rebind the keys, the command summaries also list the associated
|
|
Emacs Lisp function. Furthermore, even if you're stranded on a desert
|
|
island with a laptop and are without your manuals, you can get a summary
|
|
of all these commands with GNU Emacs online help: use @kbd{C-h m}
|
|
(@code{describe-mode}) for a brief summary of commands or @kbd{C-h i} to
|
|
read this manual via Info. The online help is quite good; try running
|
|
@kbd{C-h C-h C-h}. This brings up a list of available help topics, one
|
|
of which displays the documentation for a given key (like @kbd{C-h k
|
|
C-n}). In addition, review @ref{Conventions}, if any of the GNU Emacs
|
|
conventions are strange to you.
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|
|
|
Let's get started!
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@menu
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* Reading Mail::
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|
* Sending Mail::
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|
* Draft Editing::
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|
* Moving Mail::
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|
* Searching::
|
|
* Sequences::
|
|
* Miscellaneous::
|
|
@end menu
|
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|
|
@node Reading Mail, Sending Mail, Using mh-e, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Reading Your Mail
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|
|
|
@cindex reading mail
|
|
@findex @code{mh-rmail}
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
The mh-e entry point for reading mail is @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. This
|
|
command incorporates your mail and creates a buffer called @samp{+inbox}
|
|
in MH-Folder mode. The @kbd{M-x mh-rmail} command shows you only new
|
|
mail, not old mail. @footnote{If you want to see your old mail as well,
|
|
use @kbd{M-r} to pull all your messages into mh-e. Or, give a prefix
|
|
argument to @code{mh-rmail} so it will prompt you for folder to visit
|
|
like @kbd{M-f} (for example, @kbd{C-u M-x mh-rmail @key{RET} bob
|
|
@key{RET}}). Both @kbd{M-r} and @kbd{M-f} are described in
|
|
@ref{Organizing}.} The @samp{+inbox} buffer contains @dfn{scan lines},
|
|
which are one-line summaries of each incorporated message. You can
|
|
perform most MH commands on these messages via one-letter commands
|
|
discussed in this chapter. See @code{scan}(1) for a description of the
|
|
contents of the scan lines, and see the Figure in @ref{Reading Mail
|
|
Tour}, for an example.
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item RET
|
|
Display a message (@code{mh-show}).
|
|
|
|
@item SPC
|
|
Go to next page in message (@code{mh-page-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item DEL
|
|
Go to previous page in message (@code{mh-previous-page}).
|
|
|
|
@item , (comma)
|
|
Display a message with all header fields (@code{mh-header-display}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-SPC
|
|
Go to next message in digest (@code{mh-page-digest}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-DEL
|
|
Go to previous message in digest (@code{mh-page-digest-backwards}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-b
|
|
Break up digest into separate messages (@code{mh-burst-digest}).
|
|
|
|
@item n
|
|
Display next message (@code{mh-next-undeleted-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item p
|
|
Display previous message (@code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item g
|
|
Go to a message (@code{mh-goto-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-<
|
|
Go to first message (@code{mh-first-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item M->
|
|
Go to last message (@code{mh-last-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item t
|
|
Toggle between MH-Folder and MH-Folder Show modes (@code{mh-toggle-showing}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Viewing::
|
|
* Moving Around::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Viewing, Moving Around, Reading Mail, Reading Mail
|
|
@subsection Viewing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-show}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-page-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-previous-page}
|
|
|
|
The @kbd{RET} (@code{mh-show}) command displays the message that the
|
|
cursor is on. If the message is already displayed, it scrolls to the
|
|
beginning of the message. Use @key{SPC} (@code{mh-page-msg}) and
|
|
@key{DEL} (@code{mh-previous-page}) to move forwards and backwards one
|
|
page at a time through the message. You can give either of these
|
|
commands a prefix argument that specifies the number of lines to scroll
|
|
(such as @kbd{10 SPC}). mh-e normally hides a lot of the
|
|
superfluous header fields that mailers add to a message, but if you wish
|
|
to see all of them, use the @kbd{,} (comma; @code{mh-header-display})
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Reading Digests::
|
|
* Reading MIME::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Reading Digests, Reading MIME, Viewing, Viewing
|
|
@subsubsection Reading Digests
|
|
|
|
@cindex digests
|
|
@findex @code{mh-page-digest}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-page-digest-backwards}
|
|
|
|
A digest is a message that contains other messages. Special mh-e
|
|
commands let you read digests conveniently. You can use @key{SPC} and
|
|
@key{DEL} to page through the digest as if it were a normal message, but
|
|
if you wish to skip to the next message in the digest, use @kbd{M-SPC}
|
|
(@code{mh-page-digest}). To return to a previous message, use
|
|
@kbd{M-DEL} (@code{mh-page-digest-backwards}).
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{burst}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{burst}
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder Show mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder Show
|
|
@findex @code{mh-burst-digest}
|
|
|
|
@c There was a page break at the colon in the following paragraph which
|
|
@c broke the transition to the example.
|
|
@need 2000
|
|
|
|
Another handy command is @kbd{M-b} (@code{mh-burst-digest}). This
|
|
command uses the MH command @code{burst} to break out each message in
|
|
the digest into its own message. Using this command, you can quickly
|
|
delete unwanted messages, like this: Once the digest is split up, toggle
|
|
out of MH-Folder Show mode with @kbd{t} (@pxref{Moving Around}) so that
|
|
the scan lines fill the screen and messages aren't displayed. Then use
|
|
@kbd{d} (@pxref{Deleting}) to quickly delete messages that you don't
|
|
want to read (based on the @samp{Subject:} header field). You can also
|
|
burst the digest to reply directly to the people who posted the messages
|
|
in the digest. One problem you may encounter is that the @samp{From:}
|
|
header fields are preceded with a @samp{>} so that your reply can't
|
|
create the @samp{To:} field correctly. In this case, you must correct
|
|
the @samp{To:} field yourself. This is described later in @ref{Editing
|
|
Textual}.
|
|
|
|
@node Reading MIME, , Reading Digests, Viewing
|
|
@subsubsection Reading Multimedia Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex multimedia mail
|
|
@cindex MIME
|
|
@cindex @code{show}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{show}
|
|
@cindex @code{mhn}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhn}
|
|
|
|
MH has the ability to read @dfn{@sc{mime}} (Multipurpose Internet Mail
|
|
Extensions) messages. Unfortunately, mh-e does not yet have this
|
|
ability, so you have to use the MH commands @code{show} or @code{mhn}
|
|
from the shell to read @sc{mime} messages. @footnote{You can call them
|
|
directly from Emacs if you're running the X Window System: type @kbd{M-!
|
|
xterm -e mhn @var{message-number}}. You can leave out the @code{xterm
|
|
-e} if you use @code{mhn -list} or @code{mhn -store}.}
|
|
|
|
@node Moving Around, , Viewing, Reading Mail
|
|
@subsection Moving Around
|
|
|
|
@cindex moving between messages
|
|
@findex @code{mh-next-undeleted-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-goto-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-last-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-first-msg}
|
|
|
|
To move on to the next message, use the @kbd{n}
|
|
(@code{mh-next-undeleted-msg}) command; use the @kbd{p}
|
|
(@code{mh-previous-undeleted-msg}) command to read the previous message.
|
|
Both of these commands can be given a prefix argument to specify how
|
|
many messages to skip (for example, @kbd{5 n}). You can also move to a
|
|
specific message with @kbd{g} (@code{mh-goto-msg}). You can enter the
|
|
message number either before or after typing @kbd{g}. In the latter
|
|
case, Emacs prompts you. Finally, you can go to the first or last
|
|
message with @kbd{M-<} (@code{mh-first-msg}) and @kbd{M->}
|
|
(@code{mh-last-msg}) respectively.
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
You can also use the Emacs commands @kbd{C-p} (@code{previous-line}) and
|
|
@kbd{C-n} (@code{next-line}) to move up and down the scan lines in the
|
|
MH-Folder window. These commands can be used in conjunction with
|
|
@kbd{RET} to look at deleted or refiled messages.
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder Show mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder Show
|
|
@cindex junk mail
|
|
@findex @code{mh-toggle-showing}
|
|
|
|
The command @kbd{t} (@code{mh-toggle-showing}) switches between
|
|
MH-Folder mode and MH-Folder Show mode. @footnote{For you Emacs
|
|
wizards, this is implemented as an Emacs minor mode.} MH-Folder mode
|
|
turns off the associated show buffer so that you can perform operations
|
|
on the messages quickly without reading them. This is an excellent way
|
|
to prune out your junk mail or to refile a group of messages to another
|
|
folder for later examination.
|
|
|
|
@node Sending Mail, Draft Editing, Reading Mail, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Sending Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex sending mail
|
|
@findex @code{mh-smail}
|
|
|
|
You can send a mail message in several ways. You can call @kbd{M-x
|
|
mh-smail} directly, or from the command line like this:
|
|
|
|
@cindex starting from command line
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
% @kbd{emacs -f mh-smail}
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
From within mh-e's MH-Folder mode, other methods of sending mail
|
|
are available as well:
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item m
|
|
Compose a message (@code{mh-send}).
|
|
|
|
@item r
|
|
Reply to a message (@code{mh-reply}).
|
|
|
|
@item f
|
|
Forward message(s) (@code{mh-forward}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-d
|
|
Redistribute a message (@code{mh-redistribute}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-e
|
|
Edit a message that was bounced by mailer (@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-a
|
|
Edit a message to send it again (@code{mh-edit-again}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
@cindex MH-Letter mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Letter
|
|
@findex @code{mh-send}
|
|
|
|
From within a MH-Folder buffer, you can simply use the command @kbd{m}
|
|
(@code{mh-send}). However you invoke @code{mh-send}, you are prompted
|
|
for the @samp{To:}, @samp{cc:}, and @samp{Subject:} header fields. Once
|
|
you've specified the recipients and subject, your message appears in an
|
|
Emacs buffer whose mode is MH-Letter (see the Figure in @ref{Sending
|
|
Mail} to see what the buffer looks like). MH-Letter mode allows you to
|
|
edit your message, to check the validity of the recipients, to insert
|
|
other messages into your message, and to send the message. We'll go
|
|
more into depth about editing a @dfn{draft} @footnote{I highly recommend
|
|
that you use a @dfn{draft folder} so that you can edit several drafts in
|
|
parallel. To do so, create a folder (e.g., @file{+drafts}), and add a
|
|
profile component called @samp{Draft-Folder:} which contains
|
|
@file{+drafts} (see @code{mh-profile}(5)).} (a message you're composing)
|
|
in just a moment.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-smail}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-smail-other-window}
|
|
|
|
@code{mh-smail} always creates a two-window layout with the current
|
|
buffer on top and the draft on the bottom. If you would rather preserve
|
|
the window layout, use @kbd{M-x mh-smail-other-window}.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Replying::
|
|
* Forwarding::
|
|
* Redistributing::
|
|
* Old Drafts::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Replying, Forwarding, Sending Mail, Sending Mail
|
|
@subsection Replying to Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex replying
|
|
@cindex @code{mhl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhl}
|
|
@cindex @file{mhl.reply}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{mhl.reply}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-reply}
|
|
|
|
To compose a reply to a message, use the @kbd{r} (@code{mh-reply})
|
|
command. If you supply a prefix argument (as in @kbd{C-u r}), the
|
|
message you are replying to is inserted in your reply after having first
|
|
been run through @code{mhl} with the format file @file{mhl.reply}. See
|
|
@code{mhl}(1) to see how you can modify the default @file{mhl.reply}
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
When you reply to a message, you are first prompted with @samp{Reply to
|
|
whom?}. You have several choices here.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@b{Response} @b{Reply Goes To}
|
|
|
|
@kbd{from} @r{The person who sent the message. This is the default,}
|
|
@r{so @key{RET} is sufficient.}
|
|
|
|
@kbd{to} @r{Replies to the sender, plus all recipients in the}
|
|
@r{@samp{To:} header field.}
|
|
|
|
@kbd{all}
|
|
@kbd{cc} @r{Forms a reply to the sender, plus all recipients.}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{repl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{repl}
|
|
|
|
Depending on your answer, @code{repl} is given a different argument to
|
|
form your reply. Specifically, a choice of @kbd{from} or none at all
|
|
runs @code{repl -nocc all}, and a choice of @kbd{to} runs @code{repl -cc
|
|
to}. Finally, either @kbd{cc} or @kbd{all} runs @code{repl -cc all
|
|
-nocc me}.
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Letter mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Letter
|
|
|
|
Two windows are then created. One window contains the message to which
|
|
you are replying. Your draft, in MH-Letter mode (described in
|
|
@ref{Draft Editing}), is in the other window.
|
|
|
|
If you wish to customize the header or other parts of the reply draft,
|
|
please see @code{repl}(1) and @code{mh-format}(5).
|
|
|
|
@node Forwarding, Redistributing, Replying, Sending Mail
|
|
@subsection Forwarding Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex forwarding
|
|
@cindex @code{forw}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{forw}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-forward}
|
|
|
|
To forward a message, use the @kbd{f} (@code{mh-forward}) command. You
|
|
are given a draft to edit that looks like it would if you had run the MH
|
|
command @code{forw}. You are given a chance to add some text (see
|
|
@ref{Draft Editing}).
|
|
|
|
You can forward several messages by using a prefix argument; in this
|
|
case, you are prompted for the name of a @dfn{sequence}, a symbolic name
|
|
that represents a list or range of message numbers (for example,
|
|
@kbd{C-u f forbob @key{RET}}). All of the messages in the sequence are
|
|
inserted into your draft. By the way, although sequences are often
|
|
mentioned in this chapter, you don't have to worry about them for now;
|
|
the full description of sequences in mh-e is at the end in
|
|
@ref{Sequences}. To learn more about sequences in general, please see
|
|
@code{mh-sequence}(5).
|
|
|
|
@node Redistributing, Old Drafts, Forwarding, Sending Mail
|
|
@subsection Redistributing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex redistributing
|
|
@findex @code{mh-redistribute}
|
|
|
|
The command @kbd{M-d} (@code{mh-redistribute}) is similar in function to
|
|
forwarding mail, but it does not allow you to edit the message, nor does
|
|
it add your name to the @samp{From:} header field. It appears to the
|
|
recipient as if the message had come from the original sender. For more
|
|
information on redistributing messages, see @code{dist}(1). Also
|
|
investigate the @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}) command in @ref{Old
|
|
Drafts}, for another way to redistribute messages.
|
|
|
|
@node Old Drafts, , Redistributing, Sending Mail
|
|
@subsection Editing Old Drafts and Bounced Messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex re-editing drafts
|
|
@cindex @file{draft}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{draft}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-edit-again}
|
|
|
|
If you don't complete a draft for one reason or another, and if the
|
|
draft buffer is no longer available, you can pick your draft up again
|
|
with @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}). If you don't use a draft folder,
|
|
your last @file{draft} file will be used. If you use draft folders,
|
|
you'll need to visit the draft folder with @kbd{M-f drafts @key{RET}},
|
|
use @kbd{n} to move to the appropriate message, and then use @kbd{M-a}
|
|
to prepare the message for editing.
|
|
|
|
The @kbd{M-a} command can also be used to take messages that were sent
|
|
to you and to send them to more people.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Mailer-Daemon
|
|
@findex @code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}
|
|
|
|
Don't use @kbd{M-a} to re-edit a message from a @i{Mailer-Daemon} who
|
|
complained that your mail wasn't posted for some reason or another. In
|
|
this case, use @kbd{M-e} (@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}) to prepare
|
|
the message for editing by removing the @i{Mailer-Daemon} envelope and
|
|
unneeded header fields. Fix whatever addressing problem you had, and
|
|
send the message again with @kbd{C-c C-c}.
|
|
|
|
@node Draft Editing, Moving Mail, Sending Mail, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Editing a Draft
|
|
|
|
@cindex editing draft
|
|
@cindex MH-Letter mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Letter
|
|
|
|
When you edit a message that you want to send (called a @dfn{draft} in
|
|
this case), the mode used is MH-Letter. This mode provides
|
|
several commands in addition to the normal Emacs editing commands to
|
|
help you edit your draft.
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item C-c C-y
|
|
Insert contents of message to which you're replying (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-i
|
|
Insert a message from a folder (@code{mh-insert-letter}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-t
|
|
Move to @samp{To:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-c
|
|
Move to @samp{cc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-s
|
|
Move to @samp{Subject:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-f
|
|
Move to @samp{From:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-b
|
|
Move to @samp{Bcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-f
|
|
Move to @samp{Fcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-fcc}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-d
|
|
Move to @samp{Dcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-w
|
|
Display expanded recipient list (@code{mh-check-whom}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-s
|
|
Insert signature in message (@code{mh-insert-signature}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-m C-f
|
|
Include forwarded message (@sc{mime}) (@code{mh-mhn-compose-forw}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-m C-e
|
|
Include anonymous ftp reference (@sc{mime}) (@code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-m C-t
|
|
Include anonymous ftp reference to compressed tar file (@sc{mime})
|
|
(@code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-m C-i
|
|
Include binary, image, sound, etc. (@sc{mime})
|
|
(@code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-e
|
|
Run through @code{mhn} before sending (@code{mh-edit-mhn}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-m C-u
|
|
Undo effects of @code{mhn} (@code{mh-revert-mhn-edit}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-c
|
|
Save draft and send message (@code{mh-send-letter}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-q
|
|
Quit editing and delete draft message (@code{mh-fully-kill-draft}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Editing Textual::
|
|
* Editing MIME::
|
|
* Sending Message::
|
|
* Killing Draft::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Editing Textual, Editing MIME, Draft Editing, Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Editing Textual Messages
|
|
|
|
The following sections show you how to edit a draft.
|
|
The commands described here are also applicable to messages that have
|
|
multimedia components.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Inserting Letter::
|
|
* Inserting Messages::
|
|
* Header::
|
|
* Recipients::
|
|
* Signature::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Inserting Letter, Inserting Messages, Editing Textual, Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Inserting letter to which you're replying
|
|
|
|
@cindex inserting messages
|
|
@findex @code{mh-yank-cur-msg}
|
|
|
|
It is often useful to insert a snippet of text from a letter that
|
|
someone mailed to provide some context for your reply. The command
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}) does this by yanking a portion of
|
|
text from the message to which you're replying and inserting @samp{> }
|
|
before each line.
|
|
|
|
@cindex mark
|
|
@cindex Emacs, mark
|
|
@cindex point
|
|
@cindex Emacs, point
|
|
@cindex region
|
|
@cindex Emacs, region
|
|
|
|
You can control how much text is included when you run this command. If
|
|
you run this command right away, without entering the buffer containing
|
|
the message to you, this command will yank the entire message, as is,
|
|
into your reply. @footnote{If you'd rather have the header cleaned up,
|
|
use @kbd{C-u r} instead of @kbd{r} when replying (see @ref{Replying}).}
|
|
If you enter the buffer containing the message sent to you and move the
|
|
cursor to a certain point and return to your reply and run @kbd{C-c
|
|
C-y}, then the text yanked will range from that point to the end of the
|
|
message. Finally, the most common action you'll perform is to enter the
|
|
message sent to you, move the cursor to the beginning of a paragraph or
|
|
phrase, set the @dfn{mark} with @kbd{C-SPC} or @kbd{C-@@}, and move the
|
|
cursor to the end of the paragraph or phrase. The cursor position is
|
|
called the @dfn{point}, and the space between the mark and point is
|
|
called the @dfn{region}. Having done that, @kbd{C-c C-y} will insert
|
|
the region you selected.
|
|
|
|
@node Inserting Messages, Header, Inserting Letter, Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Inserting messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex inserting messages
|
|
@findex @code{mh-insert-letter}
|
|
|
|
Messages can be inserted with @kbd{C-c C-i} (@code{mh-insert-letter}).
|
|
This command prompts you for the folder and message number and inserts
|
|
the message, indented by @samp{> }. Certain undesirable header fields
|
|
are removed before insertion. If given a prefix argument (like @kbd{C-u
|
|
C-c C-i}), the header is left intact, the message is not indented, and
|
|
@samp{> } is not inserted before each line.
|
|
|
|
@node Header, Recipients, Inserting Messages, Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Editing the header
|
|
|
|
@cindex editing header
|
|
@findex @code{mh-to-field}
|
|
|
|
Because the header is part of the message, you can edit the header
|
|
fields as you wish. However, several convenience functions exist to
|
|
help you create and edit them. For example, the command @kbd{C-c C-f
|
|
C-t} (@code{mh-to-field}; alternatively, @kbd{C-c C-f t}) moves the
|
|
cursor to the @samp{To:} header field, creating it if necessary. The
|
|
functions to move to the @samp{cc:}, @samp{Subject:}, @samp{From:},
|
|
@samp{Bcc:}, and @samp{Dcc:} header fields are similar.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-to-fcc}
|
|
|
|
One function behaves differently from the others, namely, @kbd{C-c C-f
|
|
C-f} (@code{mh-to-fcc}; alternatively, @kbd{C-c C-f f}). This function
|
|
will prompt you for the folder name in which to file a copy of the draft.
|
|
|
|
Be sure to leave a row of dashes or a blank line between the header and
|
|
the body of the message.
|
|
|
|
@node Recipients, Signature, Header, Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Checking recipients
|
|
|
|
@cindex checking recipients
|
|
@cindex @code{whom}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{whom}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-check-whom}
|
|
|
|
The @kbd{C-c C-w} (@code{mh-check-whom}) command expands aliases so you
|
|
can check the actual address(es) in the alias. A new buffer is created
|
|
with the output of @code{whom}.
|
|
|
|
@node Signature, , Recipients, Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Inserting your signature
|
|
|
|
@cindex inserting signature
|
|
@cindex signature
|
|
@cindex @file{.signature}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.signature}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-insert-signature}
|
|
|
|
You can insert your signature at the current cursor location with the
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-s} (@code{mh-insert-signature}) command. The text of your
|
|
signature is taken from the file @file{~/.signature}.
|
|
|
|
@node Editing MIME, Sending Message, Editing Textual, Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Editing Multimedia Messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex MIME
|
|
@cindex multimedia mail
|
|
@cindex @code{mhn}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhn}
|
|
|
|
mh-e has the capability to create multimedia messages. It uses the
|
|
@sc{mime} (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) protocol. The
|
|
@sc{mime} protocol allows you to incorporate images, sound, video,
|
|
binary files, and even commands that fetch a file with @samp{ftp} when
|
|
your recipient reads the message! If you were to create a multimedia
|
|
message with plain MH commands, you would use @code{mhn}. Indeed, the
|
|
mh-e @sc{mime} commands merely insert @code{mhn} directives which are
|
|
later expanded by @code{mhn}.
|
|
|
|
Each of the mh-e commands for editing multimedia messages or for
|
|
incorporating multimedia objects is prefixed with @kbd{C-c C-m} .
|
|
|
|
@cindex content types
|
|
@cindex MIME, content types
|
|
|
|
Several @sc{mime} objects are defined. They are called @dfn{content
|
|
types}. The table in @ref{Customizing Draft Editing} contains a list of
|
|
the content types that mh-e currently knows about. Several of the mh-e
|
|
commands fill in the content type for you, whereas others require you to
|
|
enter one. Most of the time, it should be obvious which one to use
|
|
(e.g., use @kbd{image/jpeg} to include a @sc{jpeg} image). If not, you
|
|
can refer to @sc{rfc} 1521,
|
|
@c Footnotes are very fragile. Hence the duplication.
|
|
@c The line break in the footnote was necessary since TeX wasn't creating one.
|
|
@ifclear html
|
|
@footnote{This @sc{rfc} (Request For Comments) is
|
|
available via the @sc{url} @*
|
|
@file{ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt}.}
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
@ifset html
|
|
@footnote{This @sc{rfc} (Request For Comments) is
|
|
available via the @sc{url} @*
|
|
@file{<A HREF="ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt">ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1521.txt</A>}.}
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
which defines the @sc{mime} protocol, for a list of valid content types.
|
|
|
|
@cindex content description
|
|
@cindex MIME, content description
|
|
|
|
You are also sometimes asked for a @dfn{content description}. This is
|
|
simply an optional brief phrase, in your own words, that describes the
|
|
object. If you don't care to enter a content description, just press
|
|
return and none will be included; however, a reader may skip over
|
|
multimedia fields unless the content description is compelling.
|
|
|
|
Remember: you can always add @code{mhn} directives by hand.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Forwarding MIME::
|
|
* FTP::
|
|
* Tar::
|
|
* Other MIME Objects::
|
|
* Sending MIME::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Forwarding MIME, FTP, Editing MIME, Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Forwarding multimedia messages
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-forw}
|
|
|
|
Mail may be forwarded with @sc{mime} using the command @kbd{C-c C-m C-f}
|
|
(@code{mh-mhn-compose-forw}). You are prompted for a content
|
|
description, the name of the folder in which the messages to forward are
|
|
located, and the messages' numbers.
|
|
|
|
@node FTP, Tar, Forwarding MIME, Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Including an ftp reference
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{ftp}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{ftp}
|
|
@cindex MIME, @code{ftp}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp}
|
|
|
|
You can even have your message initiate an @code{ftp} transfer when the
|
|
recipient reads the message. To do this, use the @kbd{C-c C-m C-e}
|
|
(@code{mh-mhn-compose-anon-ftp}) command. You are prompted for the
|
|
remote host and pathname, the content type, and the content description.
|
|
|
|
@node Tar, Other MIME Objects, FTP, Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Including tar files
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{tar}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{tar}
|
|
@cindex MIME, @code{tar}
|
|
@cindex @code{ftp}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{ftp}
|
|
@cindex MIME, @code{ftp}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar}
|
|
|
|
If the remote file (@pxref{FTP}) is a compressed tar file, you can use
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-m C-t} (@code{mh-mhn-compose-external-compressed-tar}).
|
|
Then, in addition to retrieving the file via anonymous @emph{ftp}, the
|
|
file will also be uncompressed and untarred. You are prompted for the
|
|
remote host and pathname and the content description. The pathname
|
|
should contain at least one @samp{/} (slash), because the pathname is
|
|
broken up into directory and name components.
|
|
|
|
@node Other MIME Objects, Sending MIME, Tar, Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Including other multimedia objects
|
|
|
|
@cindex images
|
|
@cindex MIME, images
|
|
@cindex sound
|
|
@cindex MIME, sound
|
|
@cindex video
|
|
@cindex MIME, video
|
|
@findex @code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion}
|
|
|
|
Images, sound, and video can be inserted in your message with the
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-m C-i} (@code{mh-mhn-compose-insertion}) command. You are
|
|
prompted for the filename containing the object, the content type, and a
|
|
content description of the object.
|
|
|
|
@node Sending MIME, , Other MIME Objects, Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Readying multimedia messages for sending
|
|
|
|
When you are finished editing a @sc{mime} message, it might look like this:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@cartouche
|
|
3 24Aug root received fax files on Wed Aug 24 11:00:13
|
|
4+ 24Aug To:wohler Test<<This is a test message to get the wh
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--%%-@{+inbox@} 4 msgs (1-4) (MH-Folder Show)--Bot-------------------
|
|
To: wohler
|
|
cc:
|
|
Subject: Test of MIME
|
|
--------
|
|
#@@application/octet-stream [Nonexistent ftp test file] \
|
|
access-type=anon-ftp; site=berzerk.com; name=panacea.tar.gz; \
|
|
directory="/pub/"
|
|
#audio/basic [Test sound bite] /tmp/noise.au
|
|
--**-@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--All--------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
@end cartouche
|
|
@i{mh-e @sc{mime} draft}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{mhn}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhn}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-edit-mhn}
|
|
|
|
The lines added by the previous commands are @code{mhn} directives and
|
|
need to be converted to @sc{mime} directives before sending. This is
|
|
accomplished by the command @kbd{C-c C-e} (@code{mh-edit-mhn}), which
|
|
runs @code{mhn} on the message. The following screen shows what those
|
|
commands look like in full @sc{mime} format. You can see why mail user
|
|
agents are usually built to hide these details from the user.
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@cartouche
|
|
To: wohler
|
|
cc:
|
|
Subject: Test of MIME
|
|
MIME-Version: 1.0
|
|
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----- =_aaaaaaaaaa0"
|
|
Content-ID: <1623.777796162.0@@newt.com>
|
|
|
|
------- =_aaaaaaaaaa0
|
|
Content-Type: message/external-body; access-type="anon-ftp";
|
|
site="berzerk.com"; name="panacea.tar.gz"; directory="/pub/"
|
|
|
|
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
|
|
Content-ID: <1623.777796162.1@@newt.com>
|
|
Content-Description: Nonexistent ftp test file
|
|
|
|
------- =_aaaaaaaaaa0
|
|
Content-Type: audio/basic
|
|
Content-ID: <1623.777796162.2@@newt.com>
|
|
Content-Description: Test sound bite
|
|
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
|
|
|
|
Q3JlYXRpdmUgVm9pY2UgRmlsZRoaAAoBKREBQh8AgwCAgH9/f35+fn59fX5+fn5+f39/f39/f3
|
|
f4B/f39/f39/f39/f39/f39+f39+f39/f39/f4B/f39/fn5/f39/f3+Af39/f39/gH9/f39/fn
|
|
-----@{draft@} (MH-Letter)--Top--------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
@end cartouche
|
|
@i{mh-e @sc{mime} draft ready to send}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-revert-mhn-edit}
|
|
|
|
This action can be undone by running @kbd{C-c C-m C-u}
|
|
(@code{mh-revert-mhn-edit}). It does this by reverting to a backup
|
|
file. You are prompted to confirm this action, but you can avoid the
|
|
confirmation by adding an argument (for example, @kbd{C-u C-c C-m C-u}).
|
|
|
|
@node Sending Message, Killing Draft, Editing MIME, Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Sending a Message
|
|
|
|
@cindex sending mail
|
|
@findex @code{mh-send-letter}
|
|
|
|
When you are all through editing a message, you send it with the
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-c} (@code{mh-send-letter}) command. You can give an argument
|
|
(as in @kbd{C-u C-c C-c}) to monitor the first stage of the delivery.
|
|
|
|
@node Killing Draft, , Sending Message, Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Killing the Draft
|
|
|
|
@cindex killing draft
|
|
@findex @code{mh-fully-kill-draft}
|
|
|
|
If for some reason you are not happy with the draft, you can kill it
|
|
instead with @kbd{C-c C-q} (@code{mh-fully-kill-draft}). Emacs then
|
|
kills the draft buffer and deletes the draft message.
|
|
|
|
@node Moving Mail, Searching, Draft Editing, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Moving Your Mail Around
|
|
|
|
@cindex processing mail
|
|
|
|
This section covers how messages and folders can be moved about or
|
|
manipulated. Messages may be incorporated into your @file{+inbox},
|
|
deleted, and refiled. Messages containing @code{shar} or
|
|
@code{uuencode} output can be stored. Folders can be visited, sorted,
|
|
packed, or deleted. Here's a list of the available commands to do these
|
|
things:
|
|
|
|
@c Stephen thinks that ? should be documented here, since it also shows
|
|
@c which folders a message will be refiled to.
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item i
|
|
Incorporate new mail into folder (@code{mh-inc-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item d
|
|
Delete message (@code{mh-delete-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-d
|
|
Delete message, don't move to next message (@code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-s
|
|
Find messages that meet search criteria (@code{mh-search-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item o
|
|
Output (refile) message to folder (@code{mh-refile-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item c
|
|
Copy message to folder (@code{mh-copy-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-o
|
|
Output (write) message to file (@code{mh-write-msg-to-file}).
|
|
|
|
@item !
|
|
Repeat last output command (@code{mh-refile-or-write-again}).
|
|
|
|
@item l
|
|
Print message with @code{lpr} (@code{mh-print-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item |
|
|
Pipe message through shell command (@code{mh-pipe-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-n
|
|
Unpack message created with @code{uudecode} or @code{shar}
|
|
(@code{mh-store-msg}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-l
|
|
List all folders (@code{mh-list-folders}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-f
|
|
Visit folder (@code{mh-visit-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-r
|
|
Regenerate scan lines (@code{mh-rescan-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-x mh-sort-folder
|
|
Sort folder.
|
|
|
|
@item M-p
|
|
Pack folder (@code{mh-pack-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-k
|
|
Remove folder (@code{mh-kill-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item x
|
|
Execute pending refiles and deletes (@code{mh-execute-commands}).
|
|
|
|
@item u
|
|
Undo pending refile or delete (@code{mh-undo}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-u
|
|
Undo all pending refiles and deletes (@code{mh-undo-folder}).
|
|
|
|
@item q
|
|
Quit (@code{mh-quit}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Incorporating::
|
|
* Deleting::
|
|
* Organizing::
|
|
* Printing::
|
|
* Files and Pipes::
|
|
* Finishing Up::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Incorporating, Deleting, Moving Mail, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Incorporating Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex incorporating
|
|
@findex @code{mh-inc-folder}
|
|
|
|
If at any time you receive new mail, incorporate the new mail into your
|
|
@samp{+inbox} buffer with @kbd{i} (@code{mh-inc-folder}). Note that
|
|
@kbd{i} will display the @samp{+inbox} buffer, even if there isn't any
|
|
new mail. You can incorporate mail from any file into the current
|
|
folder by specifying a prefix argument; you'll be prompted for the name
|
|
of the file to use (for example, @kbd{C-u i ~/mbox @key{RET}}).
|
|
|
|
@cindex Emacs, notification of new mail
|
|
@cindex notification of new mail
|
|
@cindex new mail
|
|
@cindex @file{.emacs}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
|
|
|
|
Emacs can notify you when you have new mail by displaying @samp{Mail} in
|
|
the mode line. To enable this behavior, and to have a clock in the mode
|
|
line besides, add the following to @file{~/.emacs}:
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{display-time}
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(display-time)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@node Deleting, Organizing, Incorporating, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Deleting Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex deleting
|
|
@findex @code{mh-delete-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion}
|
|
|
|
To mark a message for deletion, use the @kbd{d} (@code{mh-delete-msg})
|
|
command. A @samp{D} is placed by the message in the scan window, and
|
|
the next message is displayed. If the previous command had been
|
|
@kbd{p}, then the next message displayed is the message previous to the
|
|
message just deleted. If you specify a prefix argument, you will be
|
|
prompted for a sequence (@pxref{Sequences}) to delete (for example,
|
|
@kbd{C-u d frombob RET}). The @kbd{x} command actually carries out the
|
|
deletion (@pxref{Finishing Up}). @kbd{C-d}
|
|
(@code{mh-delete-msg-no-motion}) marks the message for deletion but
|
|
leaves the cursor at the current message in case you wish to perform
|
|
other operations on the message.
|
|
|
|
@node Organizing, Printing, Deleting, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Organizing Your Mail with Folders
|
|
|
|
@cindex using folders
|
|
@cindex @code{folder}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{folder}
|
|
@cindex @code{refile}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{refile}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-refile-msg}
|
|
|
|
mh-e has analogies for each of the MH @code{folder} and @code{refile}
|
|
commands. To refile a message in another folder, use the @kbd{o}
|
|
(@code{mh-refile-msg}) (mnemonic: ``output'') command. You are prompted
|
|
for the folder name.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-refile-or-write-again}
|
|
|
|
If you are refiling several messages into the same folder, you can use
|
|
the @kbd{!} (@code{mh-refile-or-write-again}) command to repeat the last
|
|
refile or write (see the description of @kbd{C-o} in @ref{Files and
|
|
Pipes}). Or, place the messages into a sequence (@ref{Sequences}) and
|
|
specify a prefix argument to @kbd{o}, in which case you'll be prompted
|
|
for the name of the sequence (for example, @kbd{C-u o search RET}).
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-copy-msg}
|
|
|
|
If you wish to copy a message to another folder, you can use the @kbd{c}
|
|
(@code{mh-copy-msg}) command (see the @code{-link} argument to
|
|
@code{refile}(1)). You are prompted for a folder, and you can specify a
|
|
prefix argument if you want to copy a sequence into another folder. In
|
|
this case, you are then prompted for the sequence. Note that unlike the
|
|
@kbd{o} command, the copy takes place immediately. The original copy
|
|
remains in the current folder.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-visit-folder}
|
|
|
|
When you want to read the messages that you have refiled into folders,
|
|
use the @kbd{M-f} (@code{mh-visit-folder}) command to visit the folder.
|
|
You are prompted for the folder name.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-list-folders}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-visit-folder}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-sort-folder}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-pack-folder}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-rescan-folder}
|
|
|
|
Other commands you can perform on folders include: @kbd{M-l}
|
|
(@code{mh-list-folders}), to list all the folders in your mail
|
|
directory; @kbd{M-k} (@code{mh-kill-folder}), to remove a folder;
|
|
@kbd{M-x mh-sort-folder}, to sort the messages by date (see
|
|
@code{sortm}(1) to see how to sort by other criteria); @kbd{M-p}
|
|
(@code{mh-pack-folder}), to pack a folder, removing gaps from the
|
|
numbering sequence; and @kbd{M-r} (@code{mh-rescan-folder}), to rescan
|
|
the folder, which is useful to grab all messages in your @file{+inbox}
|
|
after processing your new mail for the first time. If you don't want to
|
|
rescan the entire folder, give @kbd{M-r} or @kbd{M-p} a prefix argument
|
|
and you'll be prompted for a range of messages to display (for instance,
|
|
@kbd{C-u M-r last:50 RET}).
|
|
|
|
@node Printing, Files and Pipes, Organizing, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Printing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex printing
|
|
@cindex @code{mhl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhl}
|
|
@cindex @code{lpr}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{lpr}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-print-msg}
|
|
|
|
Printing mail is simple. Enter @kbd{l} (@code{mh-print-msg}) (for
|
|
@i{l}ine printer or @i{l}pr). The message is formatted with @code{mhl}
|
|
and printed with the @code{lpr} command. You can print all the messages
|
|
in a sequence by specifying a prefix argument, in which case you are
|
|
prompted for the name of the sequence (as in @kbd{C-u l frombob RET}).
|
|
|
|
@node Files and Pipes, Finishing Up, Printing, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Files and Pipes
|
|
|
|
@cindex using files
|
|
@cindex using pipes
|
|
@findex @code{mh-write-msg-to-file}
|
|
|
|
mh-e does offer a couple of commands that are not a part of MH@. The
|
|
first one, @kbd{C-o} (@code{mh-write-msg-to-file}), writes a message to
|
|
a file (think of the @kbd{o} as in "output"). You are prompted for the
|
|
filename. If the file already exists, the message is appended to it.
|
|
You can also write the message to the file without the header by
|
|
specifying a prefix argument (such as @kbd{C-u C-o /tmp/foobar RET}).
|
|
Subsequent writes to the same file can be made with the @kbd{!}
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-pipe-msg}
|
|
|
|
You can also pipe the message through a Unix shell command with the
|
|
@kbd{|} (@code{mh-pipe-msg}) command. You are prompted for the
|
|
Unix command through which you wish to run your message. If you
|
|
give an argument to this command, the message header is included in the
|
|
text passed to the command (the contrived example @kbd{C-u | lpr}
|
|
would be done with the @kbd{l} command instead).
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{shar}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{shar}
|
|
@cindex @code{uuencode}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{uuencode}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-store-msg}
|
|
|
|
If the message is a shell archive @code{shar} or has been run through
|
|
@code{uuencode} use @kbd{M-n} (@code{mh-store-msg}) to extract the body
|
|
of the message. The default directory for extraction is the current
|
|
directory, and you have a chance to specify a different extraction
|
|
directory. The next time you use this command, the default directory is
|
|
the last directory you used.
|
|
|
|
@node Finishing Up, , Files and Pipes, Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Finishing Up
|
|
|
|
@cindex expunging refiles and deletes
|
|
@findex @code{mh-undo}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-undo-folder}
|
|
|
|
If you've deleted a message or refiled it, but changed your mind, you
|
|
can cancel the action before you've executed it. Use @kbd{u}
|
|
(@code{mh-undo}) to undo a refile on or deletion of a single message.
|
|
You can also undo refiles and deletes for messages that belong to a
|
|
given sequence by specifying a prefix argument. You'll be prompted for
|
|
the name of the sequence (as in @kbd{C-u u frombob RET}).
|
|
Alternatively, you can use @kbd{M-u} (@code{mh-undo-folder}) to undo all
|
|
refiles or deletes in the current folder.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-execute-commands}
|
|
|
|
If you've marked messages to be deleted or refiled and you want to go
|
|
ahead and delete or refile the messages, use @kbd{x}
|
|
(@code{mh-execute-commands}). Many mh-e commands that may affect the
|
|
numbering of the messages (such as @kbd{M-r} or @kbd{M-p}) will ask if you
|
|
want to process refiles or deletes first and then either run @kbd{x} for
|
|
you or undo the pending refiles and deletes, which are lost.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-rmail}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-quit}
|
|
|
|
When you want to quit using mh-e and go back to editing, you can use the
|
|
@kbd{q} (@code{mh-quit}) command. This buries the buffers of the
|
|
current mh-e folder and restores the buffers that were present when you
|
|
first ran @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}. You can later restore your mh-e session
|
|
by selecting the @samp{+inbox} buffer or by running @kbd{M-x mh-rmail}
|
|
again.
|
|
|
|
@node Searching, Sequences, Moving Mail, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Searching Through Messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex searching
|
|
@findex @code{mh-search-folder}
|
|
|
|
You can search a folder for messages to or from a particular person or
|
|
about a particular subject. In fact, you can also search for messages
|
|
containing selected strings in any arbitrary header field or any string
|
|
found within the messages. Use the @kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder})
|
|
command. You are first prompted for the name of the folder to search
|
|
and then placed in the following buffer in MH-Pick mode:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@cartouche
|
|
From: #
|
|
To:
|
|
Cc:
|
|
Date:
|
|
Subject:
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--**-Emacs: pick-pattern (MH-Pick)------All----------------------------
|
|
|
|
@end cartouche
|
|
@i{Pick window}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{pick}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{pick}
|
|
|
|
Edit this template by entering your search criteria in an appropriate
|
|
header field that is already there, or create a new field yourself. If
|
|
the string you're looking for could be anywhere in a message, then place
|
|
the string underneath the row of dashes. The @kbd{M-s} command uses the
|
|
MH command @code{pick} to do the real work, so read @code{pick}(1) to
|
|
find out more about how to enter the criteria.
|
|
|
|
There are no semantics associated with the search criteria---they are
|
|
simply treated as strings. Case is ignored when all lowercase is used,
|
|
and regular expressions (a la @code{ed}) are available. It is all right
|
|
to specify several search criteria. What happens then is that a logical
|
|
@emph{and} of the various fields is performed. If you prefer a logical
|
|
@emph{or} operation, run @kbd{M-s} multiple times.
|
|
|
|
As an example, let's say that we want to find messages from Ginnean
|
|
about horseback riding in the Kosciusko National Park (Australia) during
|
|
January, 1994. Normally we would start with a broad search and narrow
|
|
it down if necessary to produce a manageable amount of data, but we'll
|
|
cut to the chase and create a fairly restrictive set of criteria as
|
|
follows:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
From: ginnean
|
|
To:
|
|
Cc:
|
|
Date: Jan 1994
|
|
Subject: horse.*kosciusko
|
|
--------
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-to-field}
|
|
|
|
As with MH-Letter mode, MH-Pick provides commands like
|
|
@kbd{C-c C-f C-t} to help you fill in the blanks.
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-t
|
|
Move to @samp{To:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-c
|
|
Move to @samp{cc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-s
|
|
Move to @samp{Subject:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-f
|
|
Move to @samp{From:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-b
|
|
Move to @samp{Bcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-f
|
|
Move to @samp{Fcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-f C-d
|
|
Move to @samp{Dcc:} header field (@code{mh-to-field}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-c C-c
|
|
Execute the search (@code{mh-do-pick-search}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-do-pick-search}
|
|
|
|
To perform the search, type @kbd{C-c C-c} (@code{mh-do-pick-search}).
|
|
The selected messages are placed in the @i{search} sequence, which you
|
|
can use later in forwarding (@pxref{Forwarding}), printing
|
|
(@pxref{Printing}), or narrowing your field of view (@pxref{Sequences}).
|
|
Subsequent searches are appended to the @i{search} sequence. If,
|
|
however, you wish to start with a clean slate, first delete the
|
|
@i{search} sequence (how to do this is discussed in @ref{Sequences}).
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
If you're searching in a folder that is already displayed in a
|
|
MH-Folder buffer, only those messages contained in the buffer are
|
|
used for the search. Therefore, if you want to search in all messages,
|
|
first kill the folder's buffer with @kbd{C-x k} or scan the entire
|
|
folder with @kbd{M-r}.
|
|
|
|
@node Sequences, Miscellaneous, Searching, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Using Sequences
|
|
|
|
@cindex sequences
|
|
|
|
For the whole scoop on MH sequences, refer to @code{mh-sequence}(5). As
|
|
you've read, several of the mh-e commands can operate on a sequence,
|
|
which is a shorthand for a range or group of messages. For example, you
|
|
might want to forward several messages to a friend or colleague. Here's
|
|
how to manipulate sequences.
|
|
|
|
@table @kbd
|
|
@item %
|
|
Put message in a sequence (@code{mh-put-msg-in-seq}).
|
|
|
|
@item ?
|
|
Display sequences that message belongs to (@code{mh-msg-is-in-seq}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-q
|
|
List all sequences in folder (@code{mh-list-sequences}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-%
|
|
Remove message from sequence (@code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-#
|
|
Delete sequence (@code{mh-delete-seq}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-x n
|
|
Restrict display to messages in sequence (@code{mh-narrow-to-seq}).
|
|
|
|
@item C-x w
|
|
Remove restriction; display all messages (@code{mh-widen}).
|
|
|
|
@item M-x mh-update-sequences
|
|
Push mh-e's state out to MH@.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{pick}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{pick}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-put-msg-in-seq}
|
|
|
|
To place a message in a sequence, use @kbd{%} (@code{mh-put-msg-in-seq})
|
|
to do it manually, or use the MH command @code{pick} or the mh-e version
|
|
of @code{pick} (@ref{Searching}) which create a sequence automatically.
|
|
Give @kbd{%} a prefix argument and you can add all the messages in one
|
|
sequence to another sequence (for example, @kbd{C-u % SourceSequence
|
|
RET}).
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
@findex @code{mh-narrow-to-seq}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-widen}
|
|
|
|
Once you've placed some messages in a sequence, you may wish to narrow
|
|
the field of view to just those messages in the sequence you've created.
|
|
To do this, use @kbd{C-x n} (@code{mh-narrow-to-seq}). You are prompted
|
|
for the name of the sequence. What this does is show only those
|
|
messages that are in the selected sequence in the MH-Folder buffer. In
|
|
addition, it limits further mh-e searches to just those messages. When
|
|
you want to widen the view to all your messages again, use @kbd{C-x w}
|
|
(@code{mh-widen}).
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-msg-is-in-seq}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-list-sequences}
|
|
|
|
You can see which sequences a message is in with the @kbd{?}
|
|
(@code{mh-msg-is-in-seq}) command.
|
|
@c Doesn't work:
|
|
@c use a prefix argument to query a
|
|
@c message other than the current one (as in @kbd{C-u ? 42 RET}).
|
|
Or, you can list all sequences in a selected folder (default is current
|
|
folder) with @kbd{M-q} (@code{mh-list-sequences}).
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-delete-seq}
|
|
|
|
If you want to remove a message from a sequence, use @kbd{M-%}
|
|
(@code{mh-delete-msg-from-seq}), and if you want to delete an entire
|
|
sequence, use @kbd{M-#} (@code{mh-delete-seq}). In the latter case you
|
|
are prompted for the sequence to delete. Note that this deletes only
|
|
the sequence, not the messages in the sequence. If you want to delete
|
|
the messages, use @kbd{C-u d} (see @ref{Deleting} above).
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{mark}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mark}
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-update-sequences}
|
|
|
|
Two sequences are maintained internally by mh-e and pushed out to MH
|
|
when you type either the @kbd{x} or @kbd{q} command. They are the
|
|
sequence specified by your @samp{Unseen-Sequence:} profile entry and
|
|
@i{cur}. However, you can also just update MH's state with the command
|
|
@kbd{M-x mh-update-sequences}. See @ref{Customizing Viewing} for an
|
|
example of how this command might be used.
|
|
|
|
With the exceptions of @kbd{C-x n} and @kbd{C-x w}, the underlying MH
|
|
command dealing with sequences is @code{mark}.
|
|
|
|
@node Miscellaneous, , Sequences, Using mh-e
|
|
@section Miscellaneous Commands
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-version}
|
|
|
|
One other command worth noting is @kbd{M-x mh-version}. Since there
|
|
were a few changes in command letters between @w{Versions 3} and 4, use
|
|
this command to see which version you are running. This command didn't
|
|
exist before @w{Version 4}, so the message @samp{[No match]}
|
|
indicates that it's time to upgrade (@pxref{Getting mh-e}). In the
|
|
meantime, use the older commands that are listed in @ref{Changes to
|
|
mh-e}. The output of @kbd{M-x mh-version} should also be included with
|
|
any bug report you send (@pxref{Bug Reports}).
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing mh-e, Odds and Ends, Using mh-e, Top
|
|
@chapter Customizing mh-e
|
|
|
|
Until now, we've talked about the mh-e commands as they work ``out of the
|
|
box.'' Of course, it is also possible to reconfigure mh-e
|
|
@c to fit the needs of even the most demanding user. ???
|
|
beyond recognition. The following sections describe all of the
|
|
customization variables, show the defaults, and make recommendations for
|
|
customization. The outline of this chapter is identical to that of
|
|
@ref{Using mh-e}, to make it easier to find the variables you'd need to
|
|
modify to affect a particular command.
|
|
|
|
However, when customizing your mail environment, first try to change
|
|
what you want in MH, and only change mh-e if changing MH is not
|
|
possible. That way you will get the same behavior inside and outside
|
|
GNU Emacs. Note that mh-e does not provide hooks for customizations
|
|
that can be done in MH; this omission is intentional.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @file{.emacs}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
|
|
|
|
Many string or integer variables are easy enough to modify using Emacs
|
|
Lisp. Any such modifications should be placed in a file called
|
|
@file{.emacs} in your home directory (that is, @file{~/.emacs}). For
|
|
example, to modify the variable that controls printing, you could add:
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-lpr-command-format}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-lpr-command-format "nenscript -G -r -2 -i'%s'")
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@ref{Customizing Printing} talks more about this variable.
|
|
|
|
@cindex setting variables
|
|
@cindex Emacs, setting variables
|
|
|
|
Variables can also hold Boolean values. In Emacs Lisp, the Boolean
|
|
values are @code{nil}, which means false, and @code{t}, which means true.
|
|
Usually, variables are turned off by setting their value to @code{nil}, as
|
|
in
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-bury-show-buffer}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-bury-show-buffer nil)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
which keeps the MH-Show buffer at the top of the buffer stack.
|
|
To turn a variable on, you use
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-bury-show-buffer t)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
which places the MH-Show buffer at the bottom of the buffer
|
|
stack. However, the text says to turn on a variable by setting it to a
|
|
@emph{non-@code{nil}} value, because sometimes values other than @code{t} are
|
|
meaningful (for example, see @code{mhl-formfile}, described in
|
|
@ref{Customizing Viewing}). Other variables, such as hooks, involve a
|
|
little more Emacs Lisp programming expertise.
|
|
|
|
You can also ``preview'' the effects of changing variables before
|
|
committing the changes to @file{~/.emacs}. Variables can be changed in
|
|
the current Emacs session by using @kbd{M-x set-variable}.
|
|
|
|
@c XXX Stephen says: would be easier to just call them functions, which
|
|
@c you mostly do.
|
|
In general, @dfn{commands} in this text refer to Emacs Lisp functions.
|
|
Programs outside of Emacs are specifically called MH commands, shell
|
|
commands, or Unix commands.
|
|
|
|
@cindex Emacs, Emacs Lisp manual
|
|
@cindex Emacs, online help
|
|
@cindex online help
|
|
@cindex Emacs, info
|
|
@cindex info
|
|
|
|
I hope I've included enough examples here to get you well on your way.
|
|
If you want to explore Emacs Lisp further, a programming manual does
|
|
exist,
|
|
@c Yes, some of the stuff in the following sections is redundant, but
|
|
@c TeX barfs if the @ifs are inside the @footnote.
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@footnote{The @cite{GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual} may be available
|
|
online in the Info system by typing @kbd{C-h i m Emacs Lisp RET}. If
|
|
not, you can order a printed manual, which has the desirable side-effect
|
|
of helping to support the Free Software Foundation which made all this
|
|
great software available. You can find an order form by running
|
|
@kbd{C-h C-d}, or you can request an order form from
|
|
@i{gnu@@gnu.org}.}
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
@ifinfo
|
|
@footnote{Perhaps you can find the online version of @ref{Top, The GNU
|
|
Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, , elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
|
|
If not, you can order a printed manual, which has the desirable
|
|
side-effect of helping to support the Free Software Foundation which
|
|
made all this great software available. You can find an order form by
|
|
running @kbd{C-h C-d}, or you can request an order form from
|
|
@i{gnu@@gnu.org}.}
|
|
@end ifinfo
|
|
and you can look at the code itself for examples. Look in the Emacs
|
|
Lisp directory on your system (such as @file{/usr/local/lib/emacs/lisp})
|
|
and find all the @file{mh-*.el} files there. When calling mh-e and
|
|
other Emacs Lisp functions directly from Emacs Lisp code, you'll need to
|
|
know the correct arguments. Use the online help for this. For example,
|
|
try @kbd{C-h f mh-execute-commands RET}. If you write your own
|
|
functions, please do not prefix your symbols (variables and functions)
|
|
with @code{mh-}. This prefix is reserved for the mh-e package. To
|
|
avoid conflicts with existing mh-e symbols, use a prefix like @code{my-}
|
|
or your initials.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Reading::
|
|
* Customizing Sending::
|
|
* Customizing Draft Editing::
|
|
* Customizing Moving Mail::
|
|
* Customizing Searching::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Reading, Customizing Sending, Customizing mh-e, Customizing mh-e
|
|
@section Reading Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex reading mail
|
|
@cindex @file{.emacs}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
|
|
|
|
I'll start out by including a function that I use as a front end to
|
|
mh-e. @footnote{Stephen Gildea's favorite binding is
|
|
@kbd{(global-set-key "\C-cr" 'mh-rmail)}.} It toggles between your
|
|
working window configuration, which may be quite involved---windows
|
|
filled with source, compilation output, man pages, and other
|
|
documentation---and your mh-e window configuration. Like the rest of
|
|
the customization described in this chapter, simply add the following
|
|
code to @file{~/.emacs}. Don't be intimidated by the size of this
|
|
example; most customizations are only one line.
|
|
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@filbreak
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-rmail}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Starting mh-e}
|
|
|
|
(defvar my-mh-screen-saved nil
|
|
"Set to non-@code{nil} when mh-e window configuration shown.")
|
|
(defvar my-normal-screen nil "Normal window configuration.")
|
|
(defvar my-mh-screen nil "mh-e window configuration.")
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-rmail (&optional arg)
|
|
"Toggle between mh-e and normal screen configurations.
|
|
With non-@code{nil} or prefix argument, @i{inc} mailbox as well
|
|
when going into mail."
|
|
(interactive "P") ; @r{user callable function, P=prefix arg}
|
|
(setq my-mh-screen-saved ; @r{save state}
|
|
(cond
|
|
;; @r{Bring up mh-e screen if arg or normal window configuration.}
|
|
;; @r{If arg or +inbox buffer doesn't exist, run mh-rmail.}
|
|
((or arg (null my-mh-screen-saved))
|
|
(setq my-normal-screen (current-window-configuration))
|
|
(if (or arg (null (get-buffer "+inbox")))
|
|
(mh-rmail)
|
|
(set-window-configuration my-mh-screen))
|
|
t) ; @r{set my-mh-screen-saved to @code{t}}
|
|
;; @r{Otherwise, save mh-e screen and restore normal screen.}
|
|
(t
|
|
(setq my-mh-screen (current-window-configuration))
|
|
(set-window-configuration my-normal-screen)
|
|
nil)))) ; @r{set my-mh-screen-saved to nil}
|
|
|
|
(global-set-key "\C-x\r" 'my-mh-rmail) ;@r{ call with C-x RET}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
If you type an argument (@kbd{C-u}) or if @code{my-mh-screen-saved}
|
|
is @code{nil} (meaning a non-mh-e window configuration), the current window
|
|
configuration is saved, either +inbox is displayed or @code{mh-rmail} is
|
|
run, and the mh-e window configuration is shown. Otherwise, the mh-e
|
|
window configuration is saved and the original configuration is
|
|
displayed.
|
|
|
|
Now to configure mh-e. The following table lists general mh-e variables
|
|
and variables that are used while reading mail.
|
|
@c XXX Seth wishes the descriptions to be more parallel. That is,
|
|
@c some are actions, and some are objects. Hmmm.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-progs
|
|
Directory containing MH programs (default: dynamic).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-lib
|
|
Directory containing MH support files and programs (default: dynamic).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-do-not-confirm
|
|
Don't confirm on non-reversible commands (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-summary-height
|
|
Number of scan lines to show (includes mode line) (default: 4).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-folder-mode-hook
|
|
Functions to run in MH-Folder mode (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-clean-message-header
|
|
Remove extraneous headers (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-invisible-headers
|
|
Headers to hide (default: @samp{"^Received: \\| ^Message-Id: \\|
|
|
^Remailed-\\| ^Via: \\| ^Mail-from: \\| ^Return-Path: \\| ^In-Reply-To:
|
|
\\| ^Resent-"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-visible-headers
|
|
Headers to display (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mhl-formfile
|
|
Format file for @code{mhl} (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-show-hook
|
|
Functions to run when showing message (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-show-mode-hook
|
|
Functions to run when showing message (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-bury-show-buffer
|
|
Leave show buffer at bottom of stack (default: @code{t}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id
|
|
Name of show buffer in mode line (default: @samp{"@{show-%s@} %d"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-progs}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-lib}
|
|
|
|
The two variables @code{mh-progs} and @code{mh-lib} are used to tell
|
|
mh-e where the MH programs and supporting files are kept, respectively.
|
|
mh-e does try to figure out where they are kept for itself by looking in
|
|
common places and in the user's @samp{PATH} environment variable, but if
|
|
it cannot find the directories, or finds the wrong ones, you should set
|
|
these variables. The name of the directory should be placed in double
|
|
quotes, and there should be a
|
|
trailing slash (@samp{/}). See the example in @ref{Getting Started}.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-do-not-confirm}
|
|
|
|
If you never make mistakes, and you do not like confirmations for your
|
|
actions, you can set @code{mh-do-not-confirm} to a non-@code{nil} value to
|
|
disable confirmation for unrecoverable commands such as @kbd{M-k}
|
|
(@code{mh-kill-folder}) and @kbd{M-u} (@code{mh-undo-folder}). Here's
|
|
how you set boolean values:
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-do-not-confirm t)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-summary-height}
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
@c Prevent page break between paragraph and example.
|
|
@need 2000
|
|
The variable @code{mh-summary-height} controls the number of scan lines
|
|
displayed in the MH-Folder window, including the mode line. The
|
|
default value of 4 means that 3 scan lines are displayed. Here's how
|
|
you set numerical values:
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-summary-height 2) ; @r{only show the current scan line}
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-bury-show-buffer}
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
Normally the buffer for displaying messages is buried at the bottom at
|
|
the buffer stack. You may wish to disable this feature by setting
|
|
@code{mh-bury-show-buffer} to @code{nil}. One advantage of not burying the
|
|
show buffer is that one can delete the show buffer more easily in an
|
|
electric buffer list because of its proximity to its associated
|
|
MH-Folder buffer. Try running @kbd{M-x electric-buffer-list} to
|
|
see what I mean.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-folder-mode-hook}
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
|
|
The hook @code{mh-folder-mode-hook} is called when a new folder is
|
|
created with MH-Folder mode. This could be used to set your own
|
|
key bindings, for example:
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-folder-mode-hook}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Create additional key bindings via mh-folder-mode-hook}
|
|
|
|
(defvar my-mh-init-done nil "Non-@code{nil} when one-time mh-e settings made.")
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-folder-mode-hook ()
|
|
"Hook to set key bindings in MH-Folder mode."
|
|
(if (not my-mh-init-done) ; @r{only need to bind the keys once }
|
|
(progn
|
|
(local-set-key "/" 'search-msg)
|
|
(local-set-key "b" 'mh-burst-digest) ; @r{better use of @kbd{b}}
|
|
(setq my-mh-init-done t))))
|
|
|
|
;;; @r{Emacs 19}
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-folder-mode-hook 'my-mh-folder-mode-hook)
|
|
;;; @r{Emacs 18}
|
|
;;; @r{(setq mh-folder-mode-hook (cons 'my-mh-folder-mode-hook}
|
|
;;; @r{mh-folder-mode-hook))}
|
|
|
|
(defun search-msg ()
|
|
"Search for a regexp in the current message."
|
|
(interactive) ; @r{user function}
|
|
(save-window-excursion
|
|
(other-window 1) ; @r{go to next window}
|
|
(isearch-forward-regexp))) ; @r{string search; hit return (ESC}
|
|
; @r{in Emacs 18) when done}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Viewing::
|
|
* Customizing Moving Around::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Viewing, Customizing Moving Around, Customizing Reading, Customizing Reading
|
|
@subsection Viewing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-clean-message-header}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-invisible-headers}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-visible-headers}
|
|
|
|
Several variables control what displayed messages look like. Normally
|
|
messages are delivered with a handful of uninteresting header fields.
|
|
You can make them go away by setting @code{mh-clean-message-header} to a
|
|
non-@code{nil} value. The header can then be cleaned up in two ways. By
|
|
default, the header fields in @code{mh-invisible-headers} are removed.
|
|
On the other hand, you could set @code{mh-visible-headers} to the fields
|
|
that you would like to see. If this variable is set,
|
|
@code{mh-invisible-headers} is ignored. I suggest that you not set
|
|
@code{mh-visible-headers} since if you use this variable, you might miss
|
|
a lot of header fields that you'd rather not miss. As an example of how
|
|
to set a string variable, @code{mh-visible-headers} can be set to show a
|
|
minimum set of header fields (see (@ref{Regexps, , Syntax of Regular
|
|
Expressions, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for a description of the
|
|
special characters in this string):
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-visible-headers "^From: \\|^Subject: \\|^Date: ")
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{mhl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{mhl}
|
|
@vindex @code{mhl-formfile}
|
|
|
|
Normally mh-e takes care of displaying messages itself (rather than
|
|
calling an MH program to do the work). If you'd rather have @code{mhl}
|
|
display the message (within mh-e), set the variable @code{mhl-formfile}
|
|
to a non-@code{nil} value. You can set this variable either to @code{t}
|
|
to use the default format file or to a filename if you have your own
|
|
format file (@code{mhl}(1) tells you how to write one). When writing
|
|
your own format file, use a nonzero value for @code{overflowoffset} to
|
|
ensure the header is RFC 822 compliant and parsable by mh-e.
|
|
@code{mhl} is always used for printing and forwarding; in this case, the
|
|
value of @code{mhl-formfile} is consulted if it is a filename.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-show-mode-hook}
|
|
|
|
Two hooks can be used to control how messages are displayed. The first
|
|
hook, @code{mh-show-mode-hook}, is called early on in the process of
|
|
displaying of messages. It is used to perform some actions on the
|
|
contents of messages, such as highlighting the header fields. If you're
|
|
running Emacs 19 under the X Window System, the following example will
|
|
highlight the @samp{From:} and @samp{Subject:} header fields. This is a
|
|
very nice feature indeed.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-show-mode-hook}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Emphasize header fields in different fonts via mh-show-mode-hook}
|
|
|
|
(defvar my-mh-keywords
|
|
'(("^From: \\(.*\\)" 1 'bold t)
|
|
("^Subject: \\(.*\\)" 1 'highlight t))
|
|
"mh-e additions for font-lock-keywords.")
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-show-mode-hook ()
|
|
"Hook to turn on and customize fonts."
|
|
(font-lock-add-keywords nil my-mh-keywords))
|
|
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-show-mode-hook 'my-mh-show-mode-hook))
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-show-hook}
|
|
|
|
The second hook, @code{mh-show-hook}, is the last thing called after
|
|
messages are displayed. It's used to affect the behavior of mh-e in
|
|
general or when @code{mh-show-mode-hook} is too early. For example, if
|
|
you wanted to keep mh-e in sync with MH, you could use
|
|
@code{mh-show-hook} as follows:
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-show-hook}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-show-hook 'mh-update-sequences)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id}
|
|
@cindex MH-Show mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Show
|
|
|
|
The function @code{mh-update-sequences} is documented in @ref{Finishing
|
|
Up}. For those who like to modify their mode lines, use
|
|
@code{mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id} to modify the mode line in the
|
|
MH-Show buffers. Place the two escape strings @samp{%s} and @samp{%d},
|
|
which will display the folder name and the message number, respectively,
|
|
somewhere in the string in that order. The default value of
|
|
@samp{"@{show-%s@} %d"} yields a mode line of
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
-----@{show-+inbox@} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot----------------------------------
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Moving Around, , Customizing Viewing, Customizing Reading
|
|
@subsection Moving Around
|
|
|
|
@cindex moving between messages
|
|
@cindex MH-Show mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Show
|
|
@cindex MH-Folder mode
|
|
@cindex modes, MH-Folder
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-recenter-summary-p}
|
|
|
|
When you use @kbd{t} (@code{mh-toggle-showing}) to toggle between show
|
|
mode and scan mode, the MH-Show buffer is hidden and the
|
|
MH-Folder buffer is left alone. Setting
|
|
@code{mh-recenter-summary-p} to a non-@code{nil} value causes the toggle to
|
|
display as many scan lines as possible, with the cursor at the middle.
|
|
The effect of @code{mh-recenter-summary-p} is rather useful, but it can
|
|
be annoying on a slow network connection.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Sending, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Reading, Customizing mh-e
|
|
@section Sending Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex sending mail
|
|
|
|
You may wish to start off by adding the following useful key bindings to
|
|
your @file{.emacs} file:
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(global-set-key "\C-xm" 'mh-smail)
|
|
(global-set-key "\C-x4m" 'mh-smail-other-window)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
In addition, several variables are useful when sending mail or replying
|
|
to mail. They are summarized in the following table.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-comp-formfile
|
|
Format file for drafts (default: @samp{"components"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-repl-formfile
|
|
Format file for replies (default: @samp{"replcomps"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-letter-mode-hook
|
|
Functions to run in MH-Letter mode (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-compose-letter-function
|
|
Functions to run when starting a new draft (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-reply-default-reply-to
|
|
Whom reply goes to (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-forward-subject-format
|
|
Format string for forwarded message subject (default: @samp{"%s: %s"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-redist-full-contents
|
|
@code{send} requires entire message (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers
|
|
Remove these header fields from re-edited draft (default:
|
|
@samp{"^Date:\\| ^Received:\\| ^Message-Id:\\| ^From:\\| ^Sender:\\|
|
|
^Delivery-Date:\\| ^Return-Path:"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{comp}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{comp}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-comp-formfile}
|
|
@cindex @file{components}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{components}
|
|
@cindex @code{repl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{repl}
|
|
@cindex @file{replcomps}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{replcomps}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-repl-formfile}
|
|
|
|
Since mh-e does not use @code{comp} to create the initial draft, you
|
|
need to set @code{mh-comp-formfile} to the name of your components file
|
|
if it isn't @file{components}. This is the name of the file that
|
|
contains the form for composing messages. If it does not contain an
|
|
absolute pathname, mh-e searches for the file first in your MH directory
|
|
and then in the system MH library directory (such as
|
|
@file{/usr/local/lib/mh}). Replies, on the other hand, are built using
|
|
@code{repl}. You can change the location of the field file from the
|
|
default of @file{replcomps} by modifying @code{mh-repl-formfile}.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-letter-mode-hook}
|
|
@cindex @code{repl}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{repl}
|
|
@cindex @file{components}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{components}
|
|
|
|
Two hooks are provided to run commands on your freshly created draft.
|
|
The first hook, @code{mh-letter-mode-hook}, allows you to do some
|
|
processing before editing a letter. For example, you may wish to modify
|
|
the header after @code{repl} has done its work, or you may have a
|
|
complicated @file{components} file and need to tell mh-e where the
|
|
cursor should go. Here's an example of how you would use this hook---all
|
|
of the other hooks are set in this fashion as well.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-insert-signature}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Prepare draft for editing via mh-letter-mode-hook}
|
|
|
|
(defvar letter-mode-init-done nil
|
|
"Non-@code{nil} when one-time mh-e settings have made.")
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-letter-mode-hook ()
|
|
"Hook to prepare letter for editing."
|
|
(if (not letter-mode-init-done) ; @r{only need to bind the keys once}
|
|
(progn
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-ctb" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-cti" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-ctf" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-cts" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-ctB" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-ctu" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(local-set-key "\C-ctc" 'add-enriched-text)
|
|
(setq letter-mode-init-done t)))
|
|
(setq fill-prefix " ") ; @r{I find indented text easier to read}
|
|
(save-excursion
|
|
(goto-char (point-max)) ; @r{go to end of message to}
|
|
(mh-insert-signature))) ; @r{insert signature}
|
|
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-letter-mode-hook 'my-mh-letter-mode-hook)
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
The function, @code{add-enriched-text} is defined in the example in
|
|
@ref{Customizing Editing MIME}.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-compose-letter-function}
|
|
|
|
The second hook, a function really, is
|
|
@code{mh-compose-letter-function}. Like @code{mh-letter-mode-hook}, it
|
|
is called just before editing a new message; however, it is the last
|
|
function called before you edit your message. The consequence of this
|
|
is that you can write a function to write and send the message for you.
|
|
This function is passed three arguments: the contents of the @samp{To:},
|
|
@samp{Subject:}, and @samp{cc:} header fields.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Replying::
|
|
* Customizing Forwarding::
|
|
* Customizing Redistributing::
|
|
* Customizing Old Drafts::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Replying, Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Sending, Customizing Sending
|
|
@subsection Replying to Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex replying
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-reply-default-reply-to}
|
|
|
|
If you find that most of the time that you specify @kbd{cc} when you
|
|
reply to a message, set @code{mh-reply-default-reply-to} to @samp{cc}.
|
|
This variable is normally set to @code{nil} so that you are prompted for
|
|
the recipient of a reply. It can be set to one of @samp{from},
|
|
@samp{to}, or @samp{cc}; you are then no longer prompted for the
|
|
recipient(s) of your reply.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Replying, Customizing Sending
|
|
@subsection Forwarding Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex forwarding
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-forward-subject-format}
|
|
|
|
When forwarding a message, the format of the @samp{Subject:} header
|
|
field can be modified by the variable @code{mh-forward-subject-format}.
|
|
This variable is a string which includes two escapes (@samp{%s}). The
|
|
first @samp{%s} is replaced with the sender of the original message, and
|
|
the second one is replaced with the original @samp{Subject:}. The
|
|
default value of @samp{"%s: %s"} takes a message with the header:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
To: Bill Wohler <wohler@@newt.com>
|
|
Subject: Re: 49er football
|
|
From: Greg DesBrisay <gd@@cellnet.com>
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
and creates a subject header field of:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
Subject: Greg DesBrisay: Re: 49er football
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Old Drafts, Customizing Forwarding, Customizing Sending
|
|
@subsection Redistributing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex redistributing
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-redist-full-contents}
|
|
@cindex @code{dist}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{dist}
|
|
@cindex @code{send}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{send}
|
|
|
|
The variable @code{mh-redist-full-contents} must be set to non-@code{nil} if
|
|
@code{dist} requires the whole letter for redistribution, which is the
|
|
case if @code{send} is compiled with the @sc{berk} @footnote{To see which
|
|
options your copy of MH was compiled with, use @kbd{M-x mh-version}
|
|
(@ref{Miscellaneous}).} option (which many people abhor). If you find
|
|
that MH will not allow you to redistribute a message that has been
|
|
redistributed before, this variable should be set to @code{nil}.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Old Drafts, , Customizing Redistributing, Customizing Sending
|
|
@subsection Editing Old Drafts and Bounced Messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex re-editing drafts
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers}
|
|
|
|
The header fields specified by @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers} are
|
|
removed from an old draft that has been recreated with @kbd{M-e}
|
|
(@code{mh-extract-rejected-mail}) or @kbd{M-a} (@code{mh-edit-again}).
|
|
If when you edit an old draft with these commands you find that there
|
|
are header fields that you don't want included, you can append them to
|
|
this variable. For example,
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers
|
|
(concat mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers "\\|^Some-Field:"))
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@cindex regular expressions
|
|
|
|
This appends the regular expression @samp{\\|^Some-Field:} to the
|
|
variable (@pxref{Regexps, , Syntax of Regular Expressions, emacs, The
|
|
GNU Emacs Manual}). The @samp{\\|} means @emph{or}, and the @samp{^}
|
|
(caret) matches the beginning of the line. This is done to be very
|
|
specific about which fields match. The literal @samp{:} is appended for
|
|
the same reason.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Sending, Customizing mh-e
|
|
@section Editing a Draft
|
|
|
|
@cindex editing draft
|
|
|
|
There are several variables used during the draft editing phase.
|
|
Examples include changing the name of the file that holds your signature
|
|
or telling mh-e about new multimedia types. They are:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-yank-from-start-of-msg
|
|
How to yank when region not set (default: @code{t}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-ins-buf-prefix
|
|
Indent for yanked messages (default: @samp{"> "}).
|
|
|
|
@item mail-citation-hook
|
|
Functions to run on yanked messages (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-delete-yanked-msg-window
|
|
Delete message window on yank (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@c Need the @* because otherwise TeX fills it wrong and complains
|
|
@c about overfull hbox.
|
|
@item mh-mime-content-types
|
|
List of valid content types (default: @samp{'(("text/plain")@*
|
|
("text/richtext") ("multipart/mixed") ("multipart/alternative")@*
|
|
("multipart/digest") ("multipart/parallel") ("message/rfc822")@*
|
|
("message/partial") ("message/external-body")@*
|
|
("application/octet-stream") ("application/postscript")@*
|
|
("image/jpeg") ("image/gif") ("audio/basic") ("video/mpeg"))}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-mhn-args
|
|
Additional arguments for @code{mhn} (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-signature-file-name
|
|
File containing signature (default: @samp{"~/.signature"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-before-send-letter-hook
|
|
Functions to run before sending draft (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-send-prog
|
|
MH program used to send messages (default: @samp{"send"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Editing Textual::
|
|
* Customizing Editing MIME::
|
|
* Customizing Sending Message::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Editing Textual Messages
|
|
|
|
The following two sections include variables that customize the way you
|
|
edit a draft. The discussion here applies to editing multimedia
|
|
messages as well.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Inserting Letter::
|
|
* Customizing Signature::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Inserting Letter, Customizing Signature, Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Inserting letter to which you're replying
|
|
|
|
@cindex inserting messages
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-yank-from-start-of-msg}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}
|
|
@vindex @code{mail-citation-hook}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-delete-yanked-msg-window}
|
|
|
|
To control how much of the message to which you are replying is yanked
|
|
by @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}) into your reply, modify
|
|
@code{mh-yank-from-start-of-msg}. The default value of @code{t} means
|
|
that the entire message is copied. If it is set to @code{'body} (don't
|
|
forget the apostrophe), then only the message body is copied. If it is
|
|
set to @code{nil}, only the part of the message following point (the
|
|
current cursor position in the message's buffer) is copied. In any
|
|
case, this variable is ignored if a region is set in the message you are
|
|
replying to. The string contained in @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix} is
|
|
inserted before each line of a message that is inserted into a draft
|
|
with @kbd{C-c C-y} (@code{mh-yank-cur-msg}). I suggest that you not
|
|
modify this variable. The default value of @samp{"> "} is the default
|
|
string for many mailers and news readers: messages are far easier to
|
|
read if several included messages have all been indented by the same
|
|
string. The variable @code{mail-citation-hook} is @code{nil} by
|
|
default, which means that when a message is inserted into the letter,
|
|
each line is prefixed by @code{mh-ins-buf-prefix}. Otherwise, it can be
|
|
set to a function that modifies an included
|
|
@cindex Emacs, packages, supercite
|
|
citation.
|
|
@c Footnotes are fragile; hence the redundancy.
|
|
@c TeX not inserting a line break; hence the @*
|
|
@ifclear html
|
|
@footnote{@emph{Supercite} is an example of a full-bodied, full-featured
|
|
citation package. It is in Emacs versions 19.15 and later, and can be
|
|
found via anonymous @code{ftp} on @samp{archive.cis.ohio-state.edu} in
|
|
@* @file{/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z}}
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
@ifset html
|
|
@footnote{@emph{Supercite} is an example of a full-bodied,
|
|
full-featured citation package. It is in Emacs versions 19.15 and
|
|
later, and its @sc{url} is @*
|
|
@file{<A HREF="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z">ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/packages/sc3.1.tar.Z</A>}}
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
If you like to yank all the text from the message you're replying to in
|
|
one go, set @code{mh-delete-yanked-msg-window} to non-@code{nil} to delete
|
|
the window containing the original message after yanking it to make more
|
|
room on your screen for your reply.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Signature, , Customizing Inserting Letter, Customizing Editing Textual
|
|
@subsubsection Inserting your signature
|
|
|
|
@cindex inserting signature
|
|
@cindex signature
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-signature-file-name}
|
|
@cindex @file{.signature}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.signature}
|
|
|
|
You can change the name of the file inserted with @kbd{C-c C-s}
|
|
(@code{mh-insert-signature}) by changing @code{mh-signature-file-name}
|
|
(default: @file{"~/.signature"}).
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Sending Message, Customizing Editing Textual, Customizing Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Editing Multimedia Messages
|
|
|
|
@cindex MIME
|
|
@cindex multimedia mail
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-mime-content-types}
|
|
|
|
The variable @code{mh-mime-content-types} contains a list of the
|
|
currently valid content types. They are listed in the table in
|
|
@ref{Customizing Draft Editing}. If you encounter a new content type,
|
|
you can add it like this:
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-mime-content-types}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-mime-content-types (append mh-mime-content-types
|
|
'(("@var{new/type}"))))
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
Emacs macros can be used to insert enriched text directives like
|
|
@samp{<bold>}. The following code will make, for example, @kbd{C-c t
|
|
b} insert the @samp{<bold>} directive.
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Emacs macros for entering enriched text}
|
|
|
|
(defvar enriched-text-types '(("b" . "bold") ("i" . "italic") ("f" . "fixed")
|
|
("s" . "smaller") ("B" . "bigger")
|
|
("u" . "underline") ("c" . "center"))
|
|
"Alist of (final-character . directive) choices for add-enriched-text.
|
|
Additional types can be found in RFC 1563.")
|
|
|
|
(defun add-enriched-text (begin end)
|
|
"Add enriched text directives around region.
|
|
The directive used comes from the list enriched-text-types and is
|
|
specified by the last keystroke of the command. When called from Lisp,
|
|
arguments are BEGIN and END@."
|
|
(interactive "r")
|
|
;; @r{Set type to the directive indicated by the last keystroke.}
|
|
(let ((type (cdr (assoc (char-to-string (logior last-input-char ?@w{`}))
|
|
enriched-text-types))))
|
|
(save-restriction ; @r{restores state from narrow-to-region}
|
|
(narrow-to-region begin end) ; @r{narrow view to region}
|
|
(goto-char (point-min)) ; @r{move to beginning of text}
|
|
(insert "<" type ">") ; @r{insert beginning directive}
|
|
(goto-char (point-max)) ; @r{move to end of text}
|
|
(insert "</" type ">")))) ; @r{insert terminating directive}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
To use the function @code{add-enriched-text}, first create keybindings
|
|
for it (@pxref{Customizing Sending}). Then, set the mark with
|
|
@kbd{C-@@} or @kbd{C-SPC}, type in the text to be highlighted, and type
|
|
@kbd{C-c t b}. This adds @samp{<bold>} where you set the mark and
|
|
adds @samp{</bold>} at the location of your cursor, giving you something
|
|
like: @samp{You should be <bold>very</bold>}. You may also be
|
|
interested in investigating @code{sgml-mode}.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Sending MIME::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Sending MIME, , Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Editing MIME
|
|
@subsubsection Readying multimedia messages for sending
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-mhn-args}
|
|
|
|
If you wish to pass additional arguments to @code{mhn} to affect how it
|
|
builds your message, use the variable @code{mh-mhn-args}. For example,
|
|
you can build a consistency check into the message by setting
|
|
@code{mh-mhn-args} to @code{-check}. The recipient of your message can
|
|
then run @code{mhn -check} on the message---@code{mhn} will complain if
|
|
the message has been corrupted on the way. The @kbd{C-c C-e}
|
|
(@code{mh-mhn-edit}) command only consults this variable when given a
|
|
prefix argument.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Sending Message, , Customizing Editing MIME, Customizing Draft Editing
|
|
@subsection Sending a Message
|
|
|
|
@cindex sending mail
|
|
@cindex spell check
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-before-send-letter-hook}
|
|
|
|
If you want to check your spelling in your message before sending, use
|
|
@code{mh-before-send-letter-hook} like this:
|
|
|
|
@i{Spell-check message via mh-before-send-letter-hook}
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-before-send-letter-hook}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-before-send-letter-hook 'ispell-message)
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{send}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{send}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-send-prog}
|
|
|
|
In case the MH @code{send} program is installed under a different name,
|
|
use @code{mh-send-prog} to tell mh-e the name.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Searching, Customizing Draft Editing, Customizing mh-e
|
|
@section Moving Your Mail Around
|
|
|
|
@cindex processing mail
|
|
|
|
If you change the name of some of the MH programs or have your own
|
|
printing programs, the following variables can help you.
|
|
They are described in detail in the subsequent sections.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-inc-prog
|
|
Program to incorporate mail (default: @samp{"inc"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-inc-folder-hook
|
|
Functions to run when incorporating mail (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-delete-msg-hook
|
|
Functions to run when deleting messages (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-print-background
|
|
Print in foreground or background (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-lpr-command-format
|
|
Command used to print (default: @samp{"lpr -J '%s'"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-default-folder-for-message-function
|
|
Function to generate a default folder (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-auto-folder-collect
|
|
Collect folder names in background at startup (default: @code{t}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-recursive-folders
|
|
Collect nested folders (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-refile-msg-hook
|
|
Functions to run when refiling message (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-store-default-directory
|
|
Default directory for storing files created by @code{uuencode} or @code{shar}
|
|
(default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-sortm-args
|
|
Additional arguments for @code{sortm} (default: @code{nil}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-scan-prog
|
|
Program to scan messages (default: @samp{"scan"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-before-quit-hook
|
|
Functions to run before quitting (default: @code{nil}). See also
|
|
@code{mh-quit-hook}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-quit-hook
|
|
Functions to run after quitting (default: @code{nil}). See also
|
|
@code{mh-before-quit-hook}.
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Incorporating::
|
|
* Customizing Deleting::
|
|
* Customizing Organizing::
|
|
* Customizing Printing::
|
|
* Customizing Files and Pipes::
|
|
* Customizing Finishing Up::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Incorporating, Customizing Deleting, Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Incorporating Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex incorporating
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-inc-prog}
|
|
@cindex @code{inc}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{inc}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-progs}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-scan-prog}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-inc-folder-hook}
|
|
|
|
The name of the program that incorporates new mail is stored in
|
|
@code{mh-inc-prog}; it is @samp{"inc"} by default. This program
|
|
generates a one-line summary for each of the new messages. Unless it is
|
|
an absolute pathname, the file is assumed to be in the @code{mh-progs}
|
|
directory. You may also link a file to @code{inc} that uses a different
|
|
format (see @code{mh-profile}(5)). You'll then need to modify several
|
|
variables appropriately; see @code{mh-scan-prog} below. You can set the
|
|
hook @code{mh-inc-folder-hook}, which is called after new mail is
|
|
incorporated by the @kbd{i} (@code{mh-inc-folder}) command. A good use
|
|
of this hook is to rescan the whole folder either after running @kbd{M-x
|
|
mh-rmail} the first time or when you've changed the message numbers from
|
|
outside of mh-e.
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-execute-commands}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-rescan-folder}, example
|
|
@findex @code{mh-show}, example
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-inc-folder-hook}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Rescan folder after incorporating new mail via mh-inc-folder-hook}
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-inc-folder-hook ()
|
|
"Hook to rescan folder after incorporating mail."
|
|
(if (buffer-modified-p) ; @r{if outstanding refiles and deletes,}
|
|
(mh-execute-commands)) ; @r{carry them out}
|
|
(mh-rescan-folder) ; @r{synchronize with +inbox}
|
|
(mh-show)) ; @r{show the current message}
|
|
|
|
(add-hook 'mh-inc-folder-hook 'my-mh-inc-folder-hook)
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Deleting, Customizing Organizing, Customizing Incorporating, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Deleting Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex deleting
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-delete-msg-hook}
|
|
|
|
The hook @code{mh-delete-msg-hook} is called after you mark a message
|
|
for deletion. For example, the current maintainer of mh-e used this
|
|
once when he kept statistics on his mail usage.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Organizing, Customizing Printing, Customizing Deleting, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Organizing Your Mail with Folders
|
|
|
|
@cindex using folders
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-recursive-folders}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-auto-folder-collect}
|
|
|
|
By default, operations on folders work only one level at a time. Set
|
|
@code{mh-recursive-folders} to non-@code{nil} to operate on all folders.
|
|
This mostly means that you'll be able to see all your folders when you
|
|
press @key{TAB} when prompted for a folder name. The variable
|
|
@code{mh-auto-folder-collect} is normally turned on to generate a list
|
|
of folder names in the background as soon as mh-e is loaded. Otherwise,
|
|
the list is generated when you need a folder name the first time (as
|
|
with @kbd{o} (@code{mh-refile-msg})). If you have a lot of folders and
|
|
you have @code{mh-recursive-folders} set, this could take a while, which
|
|
is why it's nice to do the folder collection in the background.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-refile-msg}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-to-fcc}
|
|
@cindex @file{.emacs}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
|
|
|
|
The function @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function} is used by
|
|
@kbd{o} (@code{mh-refile-msg}) and @kbd{C-c C-f C-f} (@code{mh-to-fcc})
|
|
to generate a default folder. The generated folder name should be a
|
|
string with a @samp{+} before it. For each of my correspondents, I use the
|
|
same name for both an alias and a folder. So, I wrote a function that
|
|
takes the address in the @samp{From:} header field, finds it in my alias
|
|
file, and returns the alias, which is used as a default folder name.
|
|
This is the most complicated example given here, and it demonstrates
|
|
several features of Emacs Lisp programming. You should be able to drop
|
|
this into @file{~/.emacs}, however. If you use this to store messages
|
|
in a subfolder of your Mail directory, you can modify the line that
|
|
starts @samp{(format +%s...} and insert your subfolder after the folder
|
|
symbol @samp{+}.
|
|
@c Note for me: if I insert a new version, don't forget to remove the
|
|
@c "a/" from the folder name.
|
|
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@filbreak
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-default-folder-for-message-function}, example
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-user-path}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
@group
|
|
@i{Creating useful default folder for refiling via mh-default-folder-for-message-function}
|
|
|
|
(defun my-mh-folder-from-address ()
|
|
"Determine folder name from address.
|
|
Takes the address in the From: header field, and returns its corresponding
|
|
alias from the user's personal aliases file. Returns @code{nil} if the address
|
|
was not found."
|
|
(require 'rfc822) ; @r{for the rfc822 functions}
|
|
(search-forward-regexp "^From: \\(.*\\)") ; @r{grab header field contents}
|
|
(save-excursion ; @r{save state}
|
|
(let ((addr (car (rfc822-addresses ; @r{get address}
|
|
(buffer-substring (match-beginning 1)
|
|
(match-end 1)))))
|
|
(buffer (get-buffer-create " *temp*")) ; @r{set local variables}
|
|
folder)
|
|
(set-buffer buffer) ; @r{jump to temporary buffer}
|
|
(unwind-protect ; @r{run kill-buffer when done}
|
|
(progn ; @r{function grouping construct}
|
|
(insert-file-contents (expand-file-name "aliases"
|
|
mh-user-path))
|
|
(goto-char (point-min)) ; @r{grab aliases file and go to start}
|
|
(setq folder
|
|
;; @r{Search for the given address, even commented-out}
|
|
;; @r{addresses are found!}
|
|
;; @r{The function search-forward-regexp sets values that are}
|
|
;; @r{later used by match-beginning and match-end.}
|
|
(if (search-forward-regexp (format "^;*\\(.*\\):.*%s"
|
|
addr) nil t)
|
|
;; @r{NOTE WELL: this is what the return value looks like.}
|
|
;; @r{You can modify the format string to match your own}
|
|
;; @r{Mail hierarchy.}
|
|
(format "+%s" (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1)
|
|
(match-end 1))))))
|
|
(kill-buffer buffer)) ; @r{get rid of our temporary buffer}
|
|
folder))) ; @r{function's return value}
|
|
|
|
(setq mh-default-folder-for-message-function 'my-mh-folder-from-address)
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-refile-msg-hook}
|
|
|
|
The hook @code{mh-refile-msg-hook} is called after a message is marked
|
|
to be refiled.
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-sortm-args}
|
|
@cindex @code{sortm}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{sortm}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-sort-folder}
|
|
@cindex MH profile components, @code{sortm}
|
|
@cindex @file{.mh_profile}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.mh_profile}
|
|
|
|
The variable @code{mh-sortm-args} holds extra arguments to pass on to
|
|
the @code{sortm} command. Note: this variable is only consulted when a
|
|
prefix argument is given to @kbd{M-x mh-sort-folder}. It is used to
|
|
override any arguments given in a @code{sortm:} entry in your MH profile
|
|
(@file{~/.mh_profile}).
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Customizing Scan Line Formats::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Scan Line Formats, , Customizing Organizing, Customizing Organizing
|
|
@subsubsection Scan line formatting
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-scan-prog}
|
|
@cindex @code{scan}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{scan}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-progs}
|
|
|
|
The name of the program that generates a listing of one line per message
|
|
is held in @code{mh-scan-prog} (default: @samp{"scan"}). Unless this
|
|
variable contains an absolute pathname, it is assumed to be in the
|
|
@code{mh-progs} directory. You may link another program to @code{scan}
|
|
(see @code{mh-profile}(5)) to produce a different type of listing.
|
|
|
|
If you change the format of the scan lines you'll need to tell mh-e how
|
|
to parse the new format. As you see, quite a lot of variables are
|
|
involved to do that. The first variable has to do with pruning out
|
|
garbage.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-valid-scan-line
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-valid-scan-line}
|
|
@cindex @code{inc}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{inc}
|
|
@cindex @code{scan}
|
|
@cindex MH commands, @code{scan}
|
|
This regular expression describes a valid scan line. This is used to
|
|
eliminate error messages that are occasionally produced by @code{inc} or
|
|
@code{scan} (default: @samp{"^ *[0-9]"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Next, two variables control how the message numbers are parsed.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item mh-msg-number-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-msg-number-regexp}
|
|
This regular expression is used to extract the message number from a
|
|
scan line. Note that the message number must be placed in quoted
|
|
parentheses, (\\(...\\)), as in the default of @w{@samp{"^
|
|
*\\([0-9]+\\)"}}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-msg-search-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-msg-search-regexp}
|
|
Given a message number (which is inserted in @samp{%d}), this regular
|
|
expression will match the scan line that it represents (default:
|
|
@samp{"^[^0-9]*%d[^0-9]"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Finally, there are a slew of variables that control how mh-e marks up
|
|
the scan lines.
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item mh-cmd-note
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-cmd-note}
|
|
Number of characters to skip over before inserting notation (default:
|
|
4). Note how it relates to the following regular expressions.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-deleted-msg-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-deleted-msg-regexp}
|
|
This regular expression describes deleted messages (default:
|
|
@samp{"^....D"}). See also @code{mh-note-deleted}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-refiled-msg-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-refiled-msg-regexp}
|
|
This regular expression describes refiled messages (default:
|
|
@samp{"^....\\^"}). See also @code{mh-note-refiled}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp}
|
|
This regular expression matches the current message (default:
|
|
@samp{"^....\\+"}). See also @code{mh-note-cur}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-good-msg-regexp
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-good-msg-regexp}
|
|
This regular expression describes which messages should be shown when
|
|
mh-e goes to the next or previous message. Normally, deleted or refiled
|
|
messages are skipped over (default: @samp{"^....[^D^]"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-deleted
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-deleted}
|
|
Messages that have been deleted to are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"D"}). See also @code{mh-deleted-msg-regexp}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-refiled
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-refiled}
|
|
Messages that have been refiled are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"^"}). See also @code{mh-refiled-msg-regexp}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-copied
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-copied}
|
|
Messages that have been copied are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"C"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-cur
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-cur}
|
|
The current message (in MH, not in mh-e) is marked by this string
|
|
(default: @samp{"+"}). See also @code{mh-cur-scan-msg-regexp}.
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-repl
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-repl}
|
|
Messages that have been replied to are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"-"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-forw
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-forw}
|
|
Messages that have been forwarded are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"F"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-dist
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-dist}
|
|
Messages that have been redistributed are marked by this string
|
|
(default: @samp{"R"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-printed
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-printed}
|
|
Messages that have been printed are marked by this string (default:
|
|
@samp{"P"}).
|
|
|
|
@item mh-note-seq
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-note-seq}
|
|
Messages in a sequence are marked by this string (default: @samp{"%"}).
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Printing, Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Organizing, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Printing Your Mail
|
|
|
|
@cindex printing
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-print-background}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-lpr-command-format}
|
|
@cindex @code{lpr}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{lpr}
|
|
|
|
Normally messages are printed in the foreground. If this is slow on
|
|
your system, you may elect to set @code{mh-print-background} to
|
|
non-@code{nil} to print in the background. If you do this, do not delete
|
|
the message until it is printed or else the output may be truncated.
|
|
The variable @code{mh-lpr-command-format} controls how the printing is
|
|
actually done. The string can contain one escape, @samp{%s}, which is
|
|
filled with the name of the folder and the message number and is useful
|
|
for print job names. As an example, the default is @samp{"lpr -J
|
|
'%s'"}.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Finishing Up, Customizing Printing, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Files and Pipes
|
|
|
|
@cindex using files
|
|
@cindex using pipes
|
|
@findex @code{mh-store-msg}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-store-default-directory}
|
|
|
|
The initial directory for the @code{mh-store-msg} command is held in
|
|
@code{mh-store-default-directory}. Since I almost always run
|
|
@code{mh-store-msg} on sources, I set it to my personal source directory
|
|
like this:
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-store-default-directory}, example
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq mh-store-default-directory (expand-file-name "~/src/"))
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@findex @code{mh-store-buffer}
|
|
@cindex @code{uuencode}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{uuencode}
|
|
@cindex @code{shar}
|
|
@cindex Unix commands, @code{shar}
|
|
|
|
Subsequent incarnations of @code{mh-store-msg} offer the last directory
|
|
used as the default. By the way, @code{mh-store-msg} calls the Emacs
|
|
Lisp function @code{mh-store-buffer}. I mention this because you can use
|
|
it directly if you're editing a buffer that contains a file that has
|
|
been run through @code{uuencode} or @code{shar}. For example, you can
|
|
extract the contents of the current buffer in your home directory by
|
|
typing @kbd{M-x mh-store-buffer @key{RET} ~ @key{RET}}.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Finishing Up, , Customizing Files and Pipes, Customizing Moving Mail
|
|
@subsection Finishing Up
|
|
|
|
@cindex quitting
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-before-quit-hook}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-quit-hook}
|
|
@findex @code{mh-execute-commands}
|
|
|
|
The two variables @code{mh-before-quit-hook} and @code{mh-quit-hook} are
|
|
called by @kbd{q} (@code{mh-quit}). The former one is called before the
|
|
quit occurs, so you might use it to perform any mh-e operations; you
|
|
could perform some query and abort the quit or call
|
|
@code{mh-execute-commands}, for example. The latter is not run in an
|
|
mh-e context, so you might use it to modify the window setup.
|
|
|
|
@node Customizing Searching, , Customizing Moving Mail, Customizing mh-e
|
|
@section Searching Through Messages
|
|
@cindex searching
|
|
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-pick-mode-hook}
|
|
@vindex @code{mh-partial-folder-mode-line-annotation}
|
|
|
|
If you find that you do the same thing over and over when editing the
|
|
search template, you may wish to bind some shortcuts to keys. This can
|
|
be done with the variable @code{mh-pick-mode-hook}, which is called when
|
|
@kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder}) is run on a new pattern.
|
|
|
|
The string
|
|
@code{mh-partial-folder-mode-line-annotation} is used to annotate the
|
|
mode line when only a portion of the folder is shown. For example, this
|
|
will be displayed after running @kbd{M-s} (@code{mh-search-folder}) to
|
|
list messages based on some search criteria (see @ref{Searching}). The
|
|
default annotation of @samp{"select"} yields a mode line that looks
|
|
like:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
--%%-@{+inbox/select@} 2 msgs (2-3) (MH-Folder)--All-----------------
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Odds and Ends, History, Customizing mh-e, Top
|
|
@appendix Odds and Ends
|
|
|
|
This appendix covers a few topics that don't fit elsewhere. Here I tell
|
|
you how to report bugs and how to get on the mh-e mailing list. I also
|
|
point out some additional sources of information.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Bug Reports::
|
|
* Mailing List::
|
|
* MH FAQ::
|
|
* Getting mh-e::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node Bug Reports, Mailing List, Odds and Ends, Odds and Ends
|
|
@appendixsec Bug Reports
|
|
|
|
@cindex bugs
|
|
@cindex Gildea, Stephen
|
|
|
|
The current maintainer of mh-e is Stephen Gildea
|
|
<@i{gildea@@lcs.mit.edu}>. Please mail bug reports directly to him, as
|
|
well as any praise or suggestions. Please include the output of
|
|
@kbd{M-x mh-version} (@pxref{Miscellaneous}) in any bug report you send.
|
|
|
|
@node Mailing List, MH FAQ, Bug Reports, Odds and Ends
|
|
@appendixsec mh-e Mailing List
|
|
|
|
@cindex mailing list
|
|
|
|
There is a mailing list, @i{mh-e@@x.org}, for discussion of mh-e and
|
|
announcements of new versions. Send a ``subscribe'' message to
|
|
@i{mh-e-request@@x.org} to be added. Do not report bugs on this list;
|
|
mail them directly to the maintainer (@pxref{Bug Reports}).
|
|
|
|
@node MH FAQ, Getting mh-e, Mailing List, Odds and Ends
|
|
@appendixsec MH FAQ
|
|
|
|
@cindex MH FAQ
|
|
@cindex FAQ
|
|
|
|
An FAQ appears monthly in the newsgroup @samp{comp.mail.mh}. While very
|
|
little is there that deals with mh-e specifically, there is an
|
|
incredible wealth of material about MH itself which you will find
|
|
useful. The subject of the FAQ is @cite{MH Frequently Asked Questions
|
|
(FAQ) with Answers}.
|
|
|
|
The FAQ can be also obtained by anonymous @code{ftp} or via the
|
|
World Wide Web (WWW)@. It is located at:
|
|
|
|
@ifclear html
|
|
@example
|
|
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/mh-faq/part1
|
|
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/mail/mh-faq/part1/faq.html
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
|
|
@ifset html
|
|
@example
|
|
<A HREF="ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/mh-faq/part1">ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/mh-faq/part1</A>
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/mail/mh-faq/part1/faq.html">http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/mail/mh-faq/part1/faq.html</A>
|
|
@end example
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
|
|
Otherwise, you can use mail. Send mail to @i{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
|
|
containing the following:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
send usenet/news.answers/mail/mh-faq/part1
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Getting mh-e, , MH FAQ, Odds and Ends
|
|
@appendixsec Getting mh-e
|
|
|
|
@cindex obtaining mh-e
|
|
|
|
If you're running a pre-4.0 version of mh-e, please consider upgrading.
|
|
You can either have your system administrator upgrade your Emacs, or
|
|
just the files for mh-e.
|
|
|
|
The MH distribution contains a copy of mh-e in @file{miscellany/mh-e}.
|
|
Make sure it is at least @w{Version 4.0}.
|
|
|
|
The latest version of mh-e can be obtained via anonymous @code{ftp} from
|
|
@samp{ftp.x.org}. The file containing mh-e is currently
|
|
@ifclear html
|
|
@file{/misc/mh-e/mh-e-@value{VERSION}.tar.Z}.
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
@ifset html
|
|
@file{<A HREF="ftp://ftp.x.org/misc/mh-e/mh-e-@value{VERSION}.tar.Z">/misc/mh-e/mh-e-@value{VERSION}.tar.Z</A>}
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
I suggest that you
|
|
extract the files from @file{mh-e-@value{VERSION}.tar.Z} in the
|
|
following fashion:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
% @kbd{cd} # @r{Start in your home directory}
|
|
% @kbd{mkdir lib lib/emacs} # @r{Create directory for mh-e}
|
|
% @kbd{cd lib/emacs}
|
|
% @kbd{zcat @var{path/to/}mh-e-@value{VERSION}.tar.Z | tar xvf -} # @r{Extract files}
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@cindex @file{.emacs}
|
|
@cindex files, @file{.emacs}
|
|
|
|
To use these new files, add the following to @file{~/.emacs}:
|
|
|
|
@lisp
|
|
(setq load-path (cons (expand-file-name "~/lib/emacs") load-path))
|
|
@end lisp
|
|
|
|
@cindex news
|
|
@cindex files, @samp{MH-E-NEWS}
|
|
|
|
That's it! If you're already running Emacs, please quit that session
|
|
and start again to load in the new mh-e. Check that you're running the
|
|
new version with the command @kbd{M-x mh-version} after running any mh-e
|
|
command. The distribution comes with a file called @file{MH-E-NEWS} so
|
|
you can see what's new.
|
|
|
|
@node History, Changes to mh-e, Odds and Ends, Top
|
|
@appendix History of mh-e
|
|
|
|
@cindex history of mh-e
|
|
|
|
mh-e was originally written by Brian Reid in 1983 and has changed hands
|
|
twice since then. Jim Larus wanted to do something similar for GNU
|
|
Emacs, and ended up completely rewriting it that same year. In 1989,
|
|
Stephen Gildea picked it up and is now currently improving and
|
|
maintaining it.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* From Brian Reid::
|
|
* From Jim Larus::
|
|
* From Stephen Gildea::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node From Brian Reid, From Jim Larus, History, History
|
|
@appendixsec From Brian Reid
|
|
|
|
@cindex Reid, Brian
|
|
|
|
One day in 1983 I got the flu and had to stay home from work for three
|
|
days with nothing to do. I used that time to write MHE@. The
|
|
fundamental idea behind MHE was that it was a ``puppeteer'' driving the MH
|
|
programs underneath it. MH had a model that the editor was supposed to
|
|
run as a subprocess of the mailer, which seemed to me at the time to be
|
|
the tail wagging the dog. So I turned it around and made the editor
|
|
drive the MH programs. I made sure that the UCI people (who were
|
|
maintaining MH at the time) took in my changes and made them stick.
|
|
|
|
Today, I still use my own version of MHE because I don't at all like the
|
|
way that GNU mh-e works and I've never gotten to be good enough at
|
|
hacking Emacs Lisp to make GNU mh-e do what I want. The Gosling-emacs
|
|
version of MHE and the GNU Emacs version of mh-e have almost nothing in
|
|
common except similar names. They work differently, have different
|
|
conceptual models, and have different key bindings. @footnote{After
|
|
reading this article, I questioned Brian about his version of MHE, and
|
|
received some great ideas for improving mh-e such as a dired-like method
|
|
of selecting folders; and removing the prompting when sending mail,
|
|
filling in the blanks in the draft buffer instead. I passed them on to
|
|
Stephen Gildea, the current maintainer, and he was excited about the
|
|
ideas as well. Perhaps one day, mh-e will again resemble MHE, although
|
|
none of these ideas are manifest in Version 5.0.}
|
|
|
|
Brian Reid, June 1994
|
|
|
|
@node From Jim Larus, From Stephen Gildea, From Brian Reid, History
|
|
@appendixsec From Jim Larus
|
|
|
|
@cindex Larus, Jim
|
|
|
|
Brian Reid, while at CMU or shortly after going to Stanford wrote a mail
|
|
reading program called MHE for Gosling Emacs. It had much the same
|
|
structure as mh-e (i.e., invoked MH programs), though it was simpler and
|
|
the commands were slightly different. Unfortunately, I no longer have a
|
|
copy so the differences are lost in the mists of time.
|
|
|
|
In '82-83, I was working at BBN and wrote a lot of mlisp code in Gosling
|
|
Emacs to make it look more like Tennex Emacs. One of the packages that
|
|
I picked up and improved was Reid's mail system. In '83, I went back to
|
|
Berkeley. About that time, Stallman's first version of GNU Emacs came
|
|
out and people started to move to it from Gosling Emacs (as I recall,
|
|
the transition took a year or two). I decided to port Reid's MHE and
|
|
used the mlisp to Emacs Lisp translator that came with GNU Emacs. It
|
|
did a lousy job and the resulting code didn't work, so I bit the bullet
|
|
and rewrote the code by hand (it was a lot smaller and simpler then, so
|
|
it took only a day or two).
|
|
|
|
Soon after that, mh-e became part of the standard Emacs distribution and
|
|
suggestions kept dribbling in for improvements. mh-e soon reached
|
|
sufficient functionality to keep me happy, but I kept on improving it
|
|
because I was a graduate student with plenty of time on my hands and it
|
|
was more fun than my dissertation. In retrospect, the one thing that I
|
|
regret is not writing any documentation, which seriously limited the use
|
|
and appeal of the package.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{xmh}, in mh-e history
|
|
|
|
In '89, I came to Wisconsin as a professor and decided not to work on
|
|
mh-e. It was stable, except for minor bugs, and had enough
|
|
functionality, so I let it be for a few years. Stephen Gildea of BBN
|
|
began to pester me about the bugs, but I ignored them. In 1990, he went
|
|
off to the X Consortium, said good bye, and said that he would now be
|
|
using @code{xmh}. A few months later, he came back and said that he
|
|
couldn't stand @code{xmh} and could I put a few more bug fixes into
|
|
mh-e. At that point, I had no interest in fixing mh-e, so I gave the
|
|
responsibility of maintenance to him and he has done a fine job since
|
|
then.
|
|
|
|
Jim Larus, June 1994
|
|
|
|
@node From Stephen Gildea, , From Jim Larus, History
|
|
@appendixsec From Stephen Gildea
|
|
|
|
@cindex Gildea, Stephen
|
|
|
|
In 1987 I went to work for Bolt Beranek and Newman, as Jim had before
|
|
me. In my previous job, I had been using RMAIL, but as my folders tend
|
|
to run large, I was frustrated with the speed of RMAIL@. However, I
|
|
stuck with it because I wanted the GNU Emacs interface. I am very
|
|
familiar and comfortable with the Emacs interface (with just a few
|
|
modifications of my own) and dislike having to use applications with
|
|
embedded editors; they never live up to Emacs.
|
|
|
|
MH is the mail reader of choice at BBN, so I converted to it. Since I
|
|
didn't want to give up using an Emacs interface, I started using mh-e.
|
|
As is my wont, I started hacking on it almost immediately. I first used
|
|
version 3.4m. One of the first features I added was to treat the folder
|
|
buffer as a file-visiting buffer: you could lock it, save it, and be
|
|
warned of unsaved changes when killing it. I also worked to bring its
|
|
functionality a little closer to RMAIL@. Jim Larus was very cooperative
|
|
about merging in my changes, and my efforts first appeared in version
|
|
3.6, distributed with Emacs 18.52 in 1988. Next I decided mh-e was too
|
|
slow and optimized it a lot. Version, 3.7, distributed with Emacs 18.56
|
|
in 1990, was noticeably faster.
|
|
|
|
When I moved to the X Consortium I became the first person there to not
|
|
use xmh. (There is now one other engineer there using mh-e.) About
|
|
this point I took over maintenance of mh-e from Jim and was finally able
|
|
to add some features Jim hadn't accepted, such as the backward searching
|
|
undo. My first release was 3.8 (Emacs 18.58) in 1992.
|
|
|
|
Now, in 1994, we see a flurry of releases, with both 4.0 and 5.0.
|
|
Version 4.0 added many new features, including background folder
|
|
collection and support for composing @sc{mime} messages. (Reading
|
|
@sc{mime} messages remains to be done, alas.) While writing this book,
|
|
Bill Wohler gave mh-e its closest examination ever, uncovering bugs and
|
|
inconsistencies that required a new major version to fix, and so version
|
|
5 was released.
|
|
|
|
Stephen Gildea, June 1994
|
|
|
|
@node Changes to mh-e, Copying, History, Top
|
|
@appendix Changes to mh-e
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{mh-e}: comparison between versions
|
|
|
|
mh-e had a fairly major facelift between @w{Versions 3} and 4. The
|
|
differences between @w{Versions 4} and 5 from the user's viewpoint are
|
|
relatively minor. The prompting order for the folder and message number
|
|
in a couple of functions had been switched inadvertently in @w{Version
|
|
4}. @w{Version 5} switches the order back. The @file{+inbox} folder is
|
|
no longer hard-coded, but rather uses the @samp{Inbox} MH Profile entry.
|
|
See the file @file{etc/MH-E-NEWS} in the Emacs distribution for more
|
|
details on the changes.
|
|
|
|
This section documents the changes between @w{Version 3} and newer
|
|
versions so that you'll know which commands to use (or which commands
|
|
you won't have) in case you're stuck with an old version.
|
|
|
|
The following tables summarize the changes to buffer names, commands
|
|
and variables.
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec Buffer Mode Names
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@b{Version 3} @b{Version 4}
|
|
|
|
mh-e folder MH-Folder
|
|
mh-e scan MH-Folder
|
|
mh-e show MH-Folder Show
|
|
Fundamental MH-Show
|
|
mh-e letter MH-Letter
|
|
mh-e letter MH-Pick
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@page
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec Commands
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@b{Version 3} @b{Version 4}
|
|
|
|
@b{Function} @b{Command} @b{Command} @b{Function}
|
|
|
|
mh-first-msg < M-< mh-first-msg
|
|
- - M-> mh-last-msg
|
|
mh-show . RET mh-show
|
|
- - , mh-header-display
|
|
mh-reply a r mh-reply
|
|
mh-redistribute r M-d mh-redistribute
|
|
mh-unshar-msg - M-n mh-store-msg
|
|
mh-write-msg-to-file M-o C-o mh-write-msg-to-file
|
|
mh-delete-msg-from-seq C-u M-% M-# mh-delete-seq
|
|
- - M-q mh-list-sequences
|
|
mh-quit b q mh-quit
|
|
- - C-C C-f C-r mh-to-field (@samp{From:})
|
|
- - C-C C-f C-d mh-to-field (@samp{Dcc:})
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec Variables
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
@b{Version 3} @b{Version 4}
|
|
|
|
@b{Variable} @b{Value} @b{Value} @b{Variable}
|
|
|
|
mh-show-buffer- "@{%%b@} %s/%d" "@{show-%s@} %d" mh-show-buffer-
|
|
mode-line-buffer-id mode-line-buffer-id
|
|
mh-unshar-default- "" nil mh-store-default-
|
|
directory directory
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
@unnumberedsec New Variables
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@group
|
|
mail-citation-hook mh-new-draft-cleaned-headers
|
|
mail-header-separator mh-pick-mode-hook
|
|
mh-auto-folder-collect mh-refile-msg-hook
|
|
mh-comp-formfile mh-scan-prog
|
|
mh-repl-formfile mh-send-prog
|
|
mh-delete-msg-hook mh-show-hook
|
|
mh-forward-subject-format mh-show-mode-hook
|
|
mh-inc-prog mh-signature-file-name
|
|
mh-mime-content-types mh-sortm-args
|
|
mh-default-folder-for-message-function mh-repl-formfile
|
|
mh-mhn-args
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@node Copying, Command Index, Changes to mh-e, Top
|
|
@appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
|
@center Version 2, June 1991
|
|
|
|
@display
|
|
Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
|
|
|
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
@end display
|
|
|
|
@appendixsec Preamble
|
|
|
|
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
|
|
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
|
|
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
|
|
software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
|
|
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
|
|
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
|
|
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
|
|
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
|
|
your programs, too.
|
|
|
|
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
|
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
|
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
|
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
|
|
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
|
|
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
|
|
|
|
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
|
|
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
|
|
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
|
|
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
|
|
|
|
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
|
|
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
|
|
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
|
|
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
|
|
rights.
|
|
|
|
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
|
|
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
|
|
distribute and/or modify the software.
|
|
|
|
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
|
|
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
|
|
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
|
|
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
|
|
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
|
|
authors' reputations.
|
|
|
|
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
|
|
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
|
|
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
|
|
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
|
|
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
|
|
|
|
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
|
|
modification follow.
|
|
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@appendixsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
@ifinfo
|
|
@center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
|
|
@end ifinfo
|
|
|
|
@enumerate 0
|
|
@item
|
|
This License applies to any program or other work which contains
|
|
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
|
|
under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below,
|
|
refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
|
|
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
|
|
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
|
|
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
|
|
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
|
|
the term ``modification''.) Each licensee is addressed as ``you''.
|
|
|
|
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
|
|
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
|
|
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
|
|
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
|
|
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
|
|
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
|
|
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
|
|
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
|
|
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
|
|
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
|
|
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
|
|
along with the Program.
|
|
|
|
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
|
|
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
|
|
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
|
|
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
|
|
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
|
|
|
|
@enumerate a
|
|
@item
|
|
You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
|
|
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
|
|
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
|
|
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
|
|
parties under the terms of this License.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
|
|
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
|
|
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
|
|
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
|
|
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
|
|
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
|
|
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
|
|
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
|
|
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
|
|
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
|
|
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
|
|
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
|
|
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
|
|
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
|
|
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
|
|
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
|
|
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
|
|
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
|
|
|
|
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
|
|
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
|
|
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
|
|
collective works based on the Program.
|
|
|
|
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
|
|
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
|
|
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
|
|
the scope of this License.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
|
|
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
|
|
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
|
|
|
|
@enumerate a
|
|
@item
|
|
Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
|
|
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
|
|
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
|
|
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
|
|
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
|
|
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
|
|
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
|
|
customarily used for software interchange; or,
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
|
|
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
|
|
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
|
|
received the program in object code or executable form with such
|
|
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
|
|
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
|
|
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
|
|
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
|
|
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
|
|
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
|
|
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
|
|
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
|
|
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
|
|
itself accompanies the executable.
|
|
|
|
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
|
|
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
|
|
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
|
|
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
|
|
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
|
|
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
|
|
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
|
|
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
|
|
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
|
|
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
|
|
parties remain in full compliance.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
|
|
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
|
|
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
|
|
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
|
|
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
|
|
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
|
|
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
|
|
the Program or works based on it.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
|
|
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
|
|
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
|
|
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
|
|
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
|
|
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
|
|
this License.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
|
|
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
|
|
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
|
|
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
|
|
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
|
|
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
|
|
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
|
|
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
|
|
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
|
|
|
|
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
|
|
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
|
|
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
|
|
circumstances.
|
|
|
|
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
|
|
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
|
|
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
|
|
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
|
|
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
|
|
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
|
|
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
|
|
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
|
|
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
|
|
impose that choice.
|
|
|
|
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
|
|
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
|
|
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
|
|
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
|
|
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
|
|
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
|
|
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
|
|
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
|
|
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
|
|
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
|
|
address new problems or concerns.
|
|
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
|
|
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
|
|
later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions
|
|
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
|
|
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
|
|
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
|
|
Foundation.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
|
|
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
|
|
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
|
|
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
|
|
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
|
|
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
|
|
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
|
|
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@heading NO WARRANTY
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
@ifinfo
|
|
@center NO WARRANTY
|
|
@end ifinfo
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
|
|
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@. EXCEPT WHEN
|
|
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
|
|
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
|
|
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
|
|
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
|
|
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@. SHOULD THE
|
|
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
|
|
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
|
|
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
|
|
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
|
|
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
|
|
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
|
|
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
|
|
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
|
|
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
|
|
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
@iftex
|
|
@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
@end iftex
|
|
@ifinfo
|
|
@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
@end ifinfo
|
|
|
|
@page
|
|
@appendixsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
|
|
|
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
|
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
|
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
|
|
|
|
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
|
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
|
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
|
|
the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
@var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.}
|
|
Copyright (C) 20@var{yy} @var{name of author}
|
|
|
|
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
|
|
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
|
|
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
|
|
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
|
|
|
|
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. See the
|
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
|
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
|
|
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
|
|
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
|
|
|
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
|
|
when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 20@var{yy} @var{name of author}
|
|
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
|
|
type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
|
|
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
|
|
for details.
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
|
|
the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
|
|
commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
|
|
@samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
|
|
suits your program.
|
|
|
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
|
|
school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
|
|
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
@group
|
|
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
|
|
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
|
|
(which makes passes at compilers) written
|
|
by James Hacker.
|
|
|
|
@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
|
|
Ty Coon, President of Vice
|
|
@end group
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
|
|
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
|
|
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
|
|
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
|
|
Public License instead of this License.
|
|
|
|
@node Command Index, Variable Index, Copying, Top
|
|
@unnumbered Command Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex fn
|
|
|
|
@node Variable Index, Concept Index, Command Index, Top
|
|
@unnumbered Variable Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex vr
|
|
|
|
@node Concept Index, , Variable Index, Top
|
|
@unnumbered Concept Index
|
|
|
|
@printindex cp
|
|
|
|
@contents
|
|
@bye
|
|
|
|
@c XXX In the sections on customizing mh-e, you can add cross-references
|
|
@c to the Emacs manual and the Emacs Lisp manual wherever they are
|
|
@c useful. @pxref{node, , section, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}
|