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463 lines
20 KiB
EmacsLisp
463 lines
20 KiB
EmacsLisp
;;; gv.el --- generalized variables -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
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;; Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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;; Author: Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
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;; Keywords: extensions
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;; Package: emacs
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;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
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;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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;; (at your option) any later version.
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;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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;;; Commentary:
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;; This is a re-implementation of the setf machinery using a different
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;; underlying approach than the one used earlier in CL, which was based on
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;; define-setf-expander.
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;; `define-setf-expander' makes every "place-expander" return a 5-tuple
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;; (VARS VALUES STORES GETTER SETTER)
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;; where STORES is a list with a single variable (Common-Lisp allows multiple
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;; variables for use with multiple-return-values, but this is rarely used and
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;; not applicable to Elisp).
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;; It basically says that GETTER is an expression that returns the place's
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;; value, and (lambda STORES SETTER) is an expression that assigns the value(s)
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;; passed to that function to the place, and that you need to wrap the whole
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;; thing within a `(let* ,(zip VARS VALUES) ...).
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;;
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;; Instead, we use here a higher-order approach: instead
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;; of a 5-tuple, a place-expander returns a function.
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;; If you think about types, the old approach return things of type
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;; {vars: List Var, values: List Exp,
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;; stores: List Var, getter: Exp, setter: Exp}
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;; whereas the new approach returns a function of type
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;; (do: ((getter: Exp, setter: ((store: Exp) -> Exp)) -> Exp)) -> Exp.
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;; You can get the new function from the old 5-tuple with something like:
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;; (lambda (do)
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;; `(let* ,(zip VARS VALUES)
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;; (funcall do GETTER (lambda ,STORES ,SETTER))))
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;; You can't easily do the reverse, because this new approach is more
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;; expressive than the old one, so we can't provide a backward-compatible
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;; get-setf-method.
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;;
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;; While it may seem intimidating for people not used to higher-order
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;; functions, you will quickly see that its use (especially with the
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;; `gv-letplace' macro) is actually much easier and more elegant than the old
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;; approach which is clunky and often leads to unreadable code.
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;; Food for thought: the syntax of places does not actually conflict with the
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;; pcase patterns. The `cons' gv works just like a `(,a . ,b) pcase
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;; pattern, and actually the `logand' gv is even closer since it should
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;; arguably fail when trying to set a value outside of the mask.
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;; Generally, places are used for destructors (gethash, aref, car, ...)
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;; whereas pcase patterns are used for constructors (backquote, constants,
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;; vectors, ...).
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;;; Code:
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(require 'macroexp)
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;; What we call a "gvar" is basically a function of type "(getter * setter ->
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;; code) -> code", where "getter" is code and setter is "code -> code".
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;; (defvar gv--macro-environment nil
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;; "Macro expanders for generalized variables.")
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;;;###autoload
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(defun gv-get (place do)
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"Build the code that applies DO to PLACE.
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PLACE must be a valid generalized variable.
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DO must be a function; it will be called with 2 arguments: GETTER and SETTER,
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where GETTER is a (copyable) Elisp expression that returns the value of PLACE,
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and SETTER is a function which returns the code to set PLACE when called
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with a (not necessarily copyable) Elisp expression that returns the value to
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set it to.
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DO must return an Elisp expression."
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(if (symbolp place)
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(funcall do place (lambda (v) `(setq ,place ,v)))
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(let* ((head (car place))
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(gf (function-get head 'gv-expander 'autoload)))
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(if gf (apply gf do (cdr place))
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(let ((me (macroexpand place ;FIXME: expand one step at a time!
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;; (append macroexpand-all-environment
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;; gv--macro-environment)
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macroexpand-all-environment)))
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(if (and (eq me place) (get head 'compiler-macro))
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;; Expand compiler macros: this takes care of all the accessors
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;; defined via cl-defsubst, such as cXXXr and defstruct slots.
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(setq me (apply (get head 'compiler-macro) place (cdr place))))
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(if (and (eq me place) (fboundp head)
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(symbolp (symbol-function head)))
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;; Follow aliases.
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(setq me (cons (symbol-function head) (cdr place))))
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(if (eq me place)
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(error "%S is not a valid place expression" place)
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(gv-get me do)))))))
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;;;###autoload
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(defmacro gv-letplace (vars place &rest body)
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"Build the code manipulating the generalized variable PLACE.
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GETTER will be bound to a copyable expression that returns the value
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of PLACE.
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SETTER will be bound to a function that takes an expression V and returns
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a new expression that sets PLACE to V.
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BODY should return some Elisp expression E manipulating PLACE via GETTER
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and SETTER.
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The returned value will then be an Elisp expression that first evaluates
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all the parts of PLACE that can be evaluated and then runs E.
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\(fn (GETTER SETTER) PLACE &rest BODY)"
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(declare (indent 2) (debug (sexp form body)))
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`(gv-get ,place (lambda ,vars ,@body)))
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;; Different ways to declare a generalized variable.
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;;;###autoload
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(defmacro gv-define-expander (name handler)
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"Use HANDLER to handle NAME as a generalized var.
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NAME is a symbol: the name of a function, macro, or special form.
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HANDLER is a function which takes an argument DO followed by the same
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arguments as NAME. DO is a function as defined in `gv-get'."
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(declare (indent 1) (debug (sexp form)))
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;; Use eval-and-compile so the method can be used in the same file as it
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;; is defined.
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;; FIXME: Just like byte-compile-macro-environment, we should have something
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;; like byte-compile-symbolprop-environment so as to handle these things
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;; cleanly without affecting the running Emacs.
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`(eval-and-compile (put ',name 'gv-expander ,handler)))
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;;;###autoload
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(defun gv--defun-declaration (symbol name args handler &optional fix)
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`(progn
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;; No need to autoload this part, since gv-get will auto-load the
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;; function's definition before checking the `gv-expander' property.
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:autoload-end
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,(pcase (cons symbol handler)
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(`(gv-expander . (lambda (,do) . ,body))
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`(gv-define-expander ,name (lambda (,do ,@args) ,@body)))
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(`(gv-expander . ,(pred symbolp))
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`(gv-define-expander ,name #',handler))
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(`(gv-setter . (lambda (,store) . ,body))
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`(gv-define-setter ,name (,store ,@args) ,@body))
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(`(gv-setter . ,(pred symbolp))
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`(gv-define-simple-setter ,name ,handler ,fix))
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;; (`(expand ,expander) `(gv-define-expand ,name ,expander))
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(_ (message "Unknown %s declaration %S" symbol handler) nil))))
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;;;###autoload
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(push `(gv-expander ,(apply-partially #'gv--defun-declaration 'gv-expander))
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defun-declarations-alist)
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;;;###autoload
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(push `(gv-setter ,(apply-partially #'gv--defun-declaration 'gv-setter))
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defun-declarations-alist)
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;; (defmacro gv-define-expand (name expander)
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;; "Use EXPANDER to handle NAME as a generalized var.
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;; NAME is a symbol: the name of a function, macro, or special form.
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;; EXPANDER is a function that will be called as a macro-expander to reduce
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;; uses of NAME to some other generalized variable."
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;; (declare (debug (sexp form)))
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;; `(eval-and-compile
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;; (if (not (boundp 'gv--macro-environment))
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;; (setq gv--macro-environment nil))
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;; (push (cons ',name ,expander) gv--macro-environment)))
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(defun gv--defsetter (name setter do args &optional vars)
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"Helper function used by code generated by `gv-define-setter'.
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NAME is the name of the getter function.
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SETTER is a function that generates the code for the setter.
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NAME accept ARGS as arguments and SETTER accepts (NEWVAL . ARGS).
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VARS is used internally for recursive calls."
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(if (null args)
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(let ((vars (nreverse vars)))
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(funcall do `(,name ,@vars) (lambda (v) (apply setter v vars))))
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;; FIXME: Often it would be OK to skip this `let', but in general,
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;; `do' may have all kinds of side-effects.
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(macroexp-let2 nil v (car args)
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(gv--defsetter name setter do (cdr args) (cons v vars)))))
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;;;###autoload
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(defmacro gv-define-setter (name arglist &rest body)
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"Define a setter method for generalized variable NAME.
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This macro is an easy-to-use substitute for `gv-define-expander' that works
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well for simple place forms.
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Assignments of VAL to (NAME ARGS...) are expanded by binding the argument
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forms (VAL ARGS...) according to ARGLIST, then executing BODY, which must
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return a Lisp form that does the assignment.
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The first arg in ARGLIST (the one that receives VAL) receives an expression
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which can do arbitrary things, whereas the other arguments are all guaranteed
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to be pure and copyable. Example use:
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(gv-define-setter aref (v a i) `(aset ,a ,i ,v))"
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(declare (indent 2) (debug (&define name sexp body)))
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`(gv-define-expander ,name
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(lambda (do &rest args)
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(gv--defsetter ',name (lambda ,arglist ,@body) do args))))
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;;;###autoload
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(defmacro gv-define-simple-setter (name setter &optional fix-return)
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"Define a simple setter method for generalized variable NAME.
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This macro is an easy-to-use substitute for `gv-define-expander' that works
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well for simple place forms. Assignments of VAL to (NAME ARGS...) are
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turned into calls of the form (SETTER ARGS... VAL).
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If FIX-RETURN is non-nil, then SETTER is not assumed to return VAL and
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instead the assignment is turned into something equivalent to
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\(let ((temp VAL))
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(SETTER ARGS... temp)
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temp)
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so as to preserve the semantics of `setf'."
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(declare (debug (sexp (&or symbolp lambda-expr) &optional sexp)))
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`(gv-define-setter ,name (val &rest args)
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,(if fix-return
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`(macroexp-let2 nil v val
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`(progn
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(,',setter ,@(append args (list v)))
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,v))
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`(cons ',setter (append args (list val))))))
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;;; Typical operations on generalized variables.
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;;;###autoload
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(defmacro setf (&rest args)
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"Set each PLACE to the value of its VAL.
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This is a generalized version of `setq'; the PLACEs may be symbolic
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references such as (car x) or (aref x i), as well as plain symbols.
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For example, (setf (cadr x) y) is equivalent to (setcar (cdr x) y).
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The return value is the last VAL in the list.
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\(fn PLACE VAL PLACE VAL ...)"
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(declare (debug (&rest [gv-place form])))
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(if (and args (null (cddr args)))
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(let ((place (pop args))
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(val (car args)))
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(gv-letplace (_getter setter) place
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(funcall setter val)))
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(let ((sets nil))
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(while args (push `(setf ,(pop args) ,(pop args)) sets))
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(cons 'progn (nreverse sets)))))
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;; (defmacro gv-pushnew! (val place)
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;; "Like `gv-push!' but only adds VAL if it's not yet in PLACE.
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;; Presence is checked with `member'.
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;; The return value is unspecified."
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;; (declare (debug (form gv-place)))
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;; (macroexp-let2 macroexp-copyable-p v val
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;; (gv-letplace (getter setter) place
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;; `(if (member ,v ,getter) nil
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;; ,(funcall setter `(cons ,v ,getter))))))
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;; (defmacro gv-inc! (place &optional val)
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;; "Increment PLACE by VAL (default to 1)."
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;; (declare (debug (gv-place &optional form)))
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;; (gv-letplace (getter setter) place
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;; (funcall setter `(+ ,getter ,(or val 1)))))
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;; (defmacro gv-dec! (place &optional val)
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;; "Decrement PLACE by VAL (default to 1)."
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;; (declare (debug (gv-place &optional form)))
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;; (gv-letplace (getter setter) place
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;; (funcall setter `(- ,getter ,(or val 1)))))
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;; For Edebug, the idea is to let Edebug instrument gv-places just like it does
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;; for normal expressions, and then give it a gv-expander to DTRT.
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;; Maybe this should really be in edebug.el rather than here.
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;; Autoload this `put' since a user might use C-u C-M-x on an expression
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;; containing a non-trivial `push' even before gv.el was loaded.
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;;;###autoload
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(put 'gv-place 'edebug-form-spec 'edebug-match-form)
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;; CL did the equivalent of:
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;;(gv-define-macroexpand edebug-after (lambda (before index place) place))
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(put 'edebug-after 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do before index place)
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(gv-letplace (getter setter) place
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(funcall do `(edebug-after ,before ,index ,getter)
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setter))))
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;;; The common generalized variables.
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(gv-define-simple-setter aref aset)
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(gv-define-simple-setter car setcar)
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(gv-define-simple-setter cdr setcdr)
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;; FIXME: add compiler-macros for `cXXr' instead!
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(gv-define-setter caar (val x) `(setcar (car ,x) ,val))
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(gv-define-setter cadr (val x) `(setcar (cdr ,x) ,val))
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(gv-define-setter cdar (val x) `(setcdr (car ,x) ,val))
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(gv-define-setter cddr (val x) `(setcdr (cdr ,x) ,val))
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(gv-define-setter elt (store seq n)
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`(if (listp ,seq) (setcar (nthcdr ,n ,seq) ,store)
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(aset ,seq ,n ,store)))
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(gv-define-simple-setter get put)
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(gv-define-setter gethash (val k h &optional _d) `(puthash ,k ,val ,h))
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;; (gv-define-expand nth (lambda (idx list) `(car (nthcdr ,idx ,list))))
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(put 'nth 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do idx list)
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(macroexp-let2 nil c `(nthcdr ,idx ,list)
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(funcall do `(car ,c) (lambda (v) `(setcar ,c ,v))))))
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(gv-define-simple-setter symbol-function fset)
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(gv-define-simple-setter symbol-plist setplist)
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(gv-define-simple-setter symbol-value set)
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(put 'nthcdr 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do n place)
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(macroexp-let2 nil idx n
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(gv-letplace (getter setter) place
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(funcall do `(nthcdr ,idx ,getter)
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(lambda (v) `(if (<= ,idx 0) ,(funcall setter v)
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(setcdr (nthcdr (1- ,idx) ,getter) ,v))))))))
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;;; Elisp-specific generalized variables.
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(gv-define-simple-setter default-value set-default)
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(gv-define-simple-setter frame-parameter set-frame-parameter 'fix)
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(gv-define-simple-setter terminal-parameter set-terminal-parameter)
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(gv-define-simple-setter keymap-parent set-keymap-parent)
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(gv-define-simple-setter match-data set-match-data 'fix)
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(gv-define-simple-setter overlay-get overlay-put)
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(gv-define-setter overlay-start (store ov)
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`(progn (move-overlay ,ov ,store (overlay-end ,ov)) ,store))
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(gv-define-setter overlay-end (store ov)
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`(progn (move-overlay ,ov (overlay-start ,ov) ,store) ,store))
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(gv-define-simple-setter process-buffer set-process-buffer)
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(gv-define-simple-setter process-filter set-process-filter)
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(gv-define-simple-setter process-sentinel set-process-sentinel)
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(gv-define-simple-setter process-get process-put)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-buffer set-window-buffer)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-display-table set-window-display-table 'fix)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-dedicated-p set-window-dedicated-p)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-hscroll set-window-hscroll)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-parameter set-window-parameter)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-point set-window-point)
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(gv-define-simple-setter window-start set-window-start)
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;;; Some occasionally handy extensions.
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;; While several of the "places" below are not terribly useful for direct use,
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;; they can show up as the output of the macro expansion of reasonable places,
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;; such as struct-accessors.
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(put 'progn 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do &rest exps)
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(let ((start (butlast exps))
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(end (car (last exps))))
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(if (null start) (gv-get end do)
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`(progn ,@start ,(gv-get end do))))))
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(let ((let-expander
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(lambda (letsym)
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(lambda (do bindings &rest body)
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`(,letsym ,bindings
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,@(macroexp-unprogn
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(gv-get (macroexp-progn body) do)))))))
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(put 'let 'gv-expander (funcall let-expander 'let))
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(put 'let* 'gv-expander (funcall let-expander 'let*)))
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(put 'if 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do test then &rest else)
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(if (or (not lexical-binding) ;The other code requires lexical-binding.
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(macroexp-small-p (funcall do 'dummy (lambda (_) 'dummy))))
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;; This duplicates the `do' code, which is a problem if that
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;; code is large, but otherwise results in more efficient code.
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`(if ,test ,(gv-get then do)
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,@(macroexp-unprogn (gv-get (macroexp-progn else) do)))
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(let ((v (make-symbol "v")))
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(macroexp-let2 nil
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gv `(if ,test ,(gv-letplace (getter setter) then
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`(cons (lambda () ,getter)
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(lambda (,v) ,(funcall setter v))))
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,(gv-letplace (getter setter) (macroexp-progn else)
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`(cons (lambda () ,getter)
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(lambda (,v) ,(funcall setter v)))))
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(funcall do `(funcall (car ,gv))
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(lambda (v) `(funcall (cdr ,gv) ,v))))))))
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(put 'cond 'gv-expander
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(lambda (do &rest branches)
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(if (or (not lexical-binding) ;The other code requires lexical-binding.
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(macroexp-small-p (funcall do 'dummy (lambda (_) 'dummy))))
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;; This duplicates the `do' code, which is a problem if that
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;; code is large, but otherwise results in more efficient code.
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`(cond
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,@(mapcar (lambda (branch)
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(if (cdr branch)
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(cons (car branch)
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(macroexp-unprogn
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(gv-get (macroexp-progn (cdr branch)) do)))
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(gv-get (car branch) do)))
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branches))
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|
(let ((v (make-symbol "v")))
|
|
(macroexp-let2 nil
|
|
gv `(cond
|
|
,@(mapcar
|
|
(lambda (branch)
|
|
(if (cdr branch)
|
|
`(,(car branch)
|
|
,@(macroexp-unprogn
|
|
(gv-letplace (getter setter)
|
|
(macroexp-progn (cdr branch))
|
|
`(cons (lambda () ,getter)
|
|
(lambda (,v) ,(funcall setter v))))))
|
|
(gv-letplace (getter setter)
|
|
(car branch)
|
|
`(cons (lambda () ,getter)
|
|
(lambda (,v) ,(funcall setter v))))))
|
|
branches))
|
|
(funcall do `(funcall (car ,gv))
|
|
(lambda (v) `(funcall (cdr ,gv) ,v))))))))
|
|
|
|
;;; Even more debatable extensions.
|
|
|
|
(put 'cons 'gv-expander
|
|
(lambda (do a d)
|
|
(gv-letplace (agetter asetter) a
|
|
(gv-letplace (dgetter dsetter) d
|
|
(funcall do
|
|
`(cons ,agetter ,dgetter)
|
|
(lambda (v) `(progn
|
|
,(funcall asetter `(car ,v))
|
|
,(funcall dsetter `(cdr ,v)))))))))
|
|
|
|
(put 'logand 'gv-expander
|
|
(lambda (do place &rest masks)
|
|
(gv-letplace (getter setter) place
|
|
(macroexp-let2 macroexp-copyable-p
|
|
mask (if (cdr masks) `(logand ,@masks) (car masks))
|
|
(funcall
|
|
do `(logand ,getter ,mask)
|
|
(lambda (v)
|
|
(funcall setter
|
|
`(logior (logand ,v ,mask)
|
|
(logand ,getter (lognot ,mask))))))))))
|
|
|
|
;;; Vaguely related definitions that should be moved elsewhere.
|
|
|
|
;; (defun alist-get (key alist)
|
|
;; "Get the value associated to KEY in ALIST."
|
|
;; (declare
|
|
;; (gv-expander
|
|
;; (lambda (do)
|
|
;; (macroexp-let2 macroexp-copyable-p k key
|
|
;; (gv-letplace (getter setter) alist
|
|
;; (macroexp-let2 nil p `(assoc ,k ,getter)
|
|
;; (funcall do `(cdr ,p)
|
|
;; (lambda (v)
|
|
;; `(if ,p (setcdr ,p ,v)
|
|
;; ,(funcall setter
|
|
;; `(cons (cons ,k ,v) ,getter)))))))))))
|
|
;; (cdr (assoc key alist)))
|
|
|
|
(provide 'gv)
|
|
;;; gv.el ends here
|