mirror of
https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/emacs.git
synced 2024-12-15 09:47:20 +00:00
962 lines
37 KiB
EmacsLisp
962 lines
37 KiB
EmacsLisp
;;; tutorial.el --- tutorial for Emacs
|
|
|
|
;; Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
;; Maintainer: FSF
|
|
;; Keywords: help, internal
|
|
|
|
;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
|
|
|
|
;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
|
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
|
;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
|
|
;; any later version.
|
|
|
|
;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
|
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
|
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
|
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
|
|
|
|
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
|
;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
|
|
;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
|
|
;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
|
|
|
|
;;; Commentary:
|
|
|
|
;; Code for running the Emacs tutorial.
|
|
|
|
;;; History:
|
|
|
|
;; File was created 2006-09.
|
|
|
|
;;; Code:
|
|
|
|
(require 'help-mode) ;; for function help-buffer
|
|
|
|
(defface tutorial-warning-face
|
|
'((t :inherit font-lock-warning-face))
|
|
"Face used to highlight warnings in the tutorial."
|
|
:group 'help)
|
|
|
|
(defvar tutorial--point-before-chkeys 0
|
|
"Point before display of key changes.")
|
|
(make-variable-buffer-local 'tutorial--point-before-chkeys)
|
|
|
|
(defvar tutorial--point-after-chkeys 0
|
|
"Point after display of key changes.")
|
|
(make-variable-buffer-local 'tutorial--point-after-chkeys)
|
|
|
|
(defvar tutorial--lang nil
|
|
"Tutorial language.")
|
|
(make-variable-buffer-local 'tutorial--lang)
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--describe-nonstandard-key (value)
|
|
"Give more information about a changed key binding.
|
|
This is used in `help-with-tutorial'. The information includes
|
|
the key sequence that no longer has a default binding, the
|
|
default binding and the current binding. It also tells in what
|
|
keymap the new binding has been done and how to access the
|
|
function in the default binding from the keyboard.
|
|
|
|
For `cua-mode' key bindings that try to combine CUA key bindings
|
|
with default Emacs bindings information about this is shown.
|
|
|
|
VALUE should have either of these formats:
|
|
|
|
\(cua-mode)
|
|
\(current-binding KEY-FUN DEF-FUN KEY WHERE)
|
|
|
|
Where
|
|
KEY is a key sequence whose standard binding has been changed
|
|
KEY-FUN is the actual binding for KEY
|
|
DEF-FUN is the standard binding of KEY
|
|
WHERE is a text describing the key sequences to which DEF-FUN is
|
|
bound now (or, if it is remapped, a key sequence
|
|
for the function it is remapped to)"
|
|
(with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
|
|
(help-setup-xref (list #'tutorial--describe-nonstandard-key value)
|
|
(interactive-p))
|
|
(with-current-buffer (help-buffer)
|
|
(insert
|
|
"Your Emacs customizations override the default binding for this key:"
|
|
"\n\n")
|
|
(let ((inhibit-read-only t))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((eq (car value) 'cua-mode)
|
|
(insert
|
|
"CUA mode is enabled.
|
|
|
|
When CUA mode is enabled, you can use C-z, C-x, C-c, and C-v to
|
|
undo, cut, copy, and paste in addition to the normal Emacs
|
|
bindings. The C-x and C-c keys only do cut and copy when the
|
|
region is active, so in most cases, they do not conflict with the
|
|
normal function of these prefix keys.
|
|
|
|
If you really need to perform a command which starts with one of
|
|
the prefix keys even when the region is active, you have three
|
|
options:
|
|
- press the prefix key twice very quickly (within 0.2 seconds),
|
|
- press the prefix key and the following key within 0.2 seconds, or
|
|
- use the SHIFT key with the prefix key, i.e. C-S-x or C-S-c."))
|
|
((eq (car value) 'current-binding)
|
|
(let ((cb (nth 1 value))
|
|
(db (nth 2 value))
|
|
(key (nth 3 value))
|
|
(where (nth 4 value))
|
|
map
|
|
(maps (current-active-maps))
|
|
mapsym)
|
|
;; Look at the currently active keymaps and try to find
|
|
;; first the keymap where the current binding occurs:
|
|
(while maps
|
|
(let* ((m (car maps))
|
|
(mb (lookup-key m key t)))
|
|
(setq maps (cdr maps))
|
|
(when (eq mb cb)
|
|
(setq map m)
|
|
(setq maps nil))))
|
|
;; Now, if a keymap was found we must found the symbol
|
|
;; name for it to display to the user. This can not
|
|
;; always be found since all keymaps does not have a
|
|
;; symbol pointing to them, but here they should have
|
|
;; that:
|
|
(when map
|
|
(mapatoms (lambda (s)
|
|
(and
|
|
;; If not already found
|
|
(not mapsym)
|
|
;; and if s is a keymap
|
|
(and (boundp s)
|
|
(keymapp (symbol-value s)))
|
|
;; and not the local symbol map
|
|
(not (eq s 'map))
|
|
;; and the value of s is map
|
|
(eq map (symbol-value s))
|
|
;; then save this value in mapsym
|
|
(setq mapsym s)))))
|
|
(insert "The default Emacs binding for the key "
|
|
(key-description key)
|
|
" is the command `")
|
|
(insert (format "%s" db))
|
|
(insert "'. "
|
|
"However, your customizations have rebound it to the command `")
|
|
(insert (format "%s" cb))
|
|
(insert "'.")
|
|
(when mapsym
|
|
(insert " (For the more advanced user:"
|
|
" This binding is in the keymap `"
|
|
(format "%s" mapsym)
|
|
"'.)"))
|
|
(if (string= where "")
|
|
(unless (keymapp db)
|
|
(insert "\n\nYou can use M-x "
|
|
(format "%s" db)
|
|
" RET instead."))
|
|
(insert "\n\nWith your current key bindings"
|
|
" you can use "
|
|
(if (string-match "^the .*menus?$" where)
|
|
""
|
|
"the key")
|
|
where
|
|
" to get the function `"
|
|
(format "%s" db)
|
|
"'.")))
|
|
(fill-region (point-min) (point)))))
|
|
(print-help-return-message))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--sort-keys (left right)
|
|
"Sort predicate for use with `tutorial--default-keys'.
|
|
This is a predicate function to `sort'.
|
|
|
|
The sorting is for presentation purpose only and is done on the
|
|
key sequence.
|
|
|
|
LEFT and RIGHT are the elements to compare."
|
|
(let ((x (append (cadr left) nil))
|
|
(y (append (cadr right) nil)))
|
|
;; Skip the front part of the key sequences if they are equal:
|
|
(while (and x y
|
|
(listp x) (listp y)
|
|
(equal (car x) (car y)))
|
|
(setq x (cdr x))
|
|
(setq y (cdr y)))
|
|
;; Try to make a comparision that is useful for presentation (this
|
|
;; could be made nicer perhaps):
|
|
(let ((cx (car x))
|
|
(cy (car y)))
|
|
;;(message "x=%s, y=%s;;;; cx=%s, cy=%s" x y cx cy)
|
|
(cond
|
|
;; Lists? Then call this again
|
|
((and cx cy
|
|
(listp cx)
|
|
(listp cy))
|
|
(tutorial--sort-keys cx cy))
|
|
;; Are both numbers? Then just compare them
|
|
((and (wholenump cx)
|
|
(wholenump cy))
|
|
(> cx cy))
|
|
;; Is one of them a number? Let that be bigger then.
|
|
((wholenump cx)
|
|
t)
|
|
((wholenump cy)
|
|
nil)
|
|
;; Are both symbols? Compare the names then.
|
|
((and (symbolp cx)
|
|
(symbolp cy))
|
|
(string< (symbol-name cy)
|
|
(symbol-name cx)))))))
|
|
|
|
(defconst tutorial--default-keys
|
|
;; On window system, `suspend-emacs' is replaced in the default
|
|
;; keymap
|
|
(let* ((suspend-emacs 'suspend-frame)
|
|
(default-keys
|
|
`((ESC-prefix [27])
|
|
(Control-X-prefix [?\C-x])
|
|
(mode-specific-command-prefix [?\C-c])
|
|
(save-buffers-kill-terminal [?\C-x ?\C-c])
|
|
|
|
;; * SUMMARY
|
|
(scroll-up [?\C-v])
|
|
(scroll-down [?\M-v])
|
|
(recenter [?\C-l])
|
|
|
|
;; * BASIC CURSOR CONTROL
|
|
(forward-char [?\C-f])
|
|
(backward-char [?\C-b])
|
|
(forward-word [?\M-f])
|
|
(backward-word [?\M-b])
|
|
(next-line [?\C-n])
|
|
(previous-line [?\C-p])
|
|
(move-beginning-of-line [?\C-a])
|
|
(move-end-of-line [?\C-e])
|
|
(backward-sentence [?\M-a])
|
|
(forward-sentence [?\M-e])
|
|
(newline "\r")
|
|
(beginning-of-buffer [?\M-<])
|
|
(end-of-buffer [?\M->])
|
|
(universal-argument [?\C-u])
|
|
|
|
;; * WHEN EMACS IS HUNG
|
|
(keyboard-quit [?\C-g])
|
|
|
|
;; * DISABLED COMMANDS
|
|
(downcase-region [?\C-x ?\C-l])
|
|
|
|
;; * WINDOWS
|
|
(delete-other-windows [?\C-x ?1])
|
|
;; C-u 0 C-l
|
|
;; Type CONTROL-h k CONTROL-f.
|
|
|
|
;; * INSERTING AND DELETING
|
|
;; C-u 8 * to insert ********.
|
|
(delete-backward-char "\d")
|
|
(delete-char [?\C-d])
|
|
(backward-kill-word [?\M-\d])
|
|
(kill-word [?\M-d])
|
|
(kill-line [?\C-k])
|
|
(kill-sentence [?\M-k])
|
|
(set-mark-command [?\C-@])
|
|
(set-mark-command [?\C- ])
|
|
(kill-region [?\C-w])
|
|
(yank [?\C-y])
|
|
(yank-pop [?\M-y])
|
|
|
|
;; * UNDO
|
|
(advertised-undo [?\C-x ?u])
|
|
(advertised-undo [?\C-x ?u])
|
|
|
|
;; * FILES
|
|
(find-file [?\C-x ?\C-f])
|
|
(save-buffer [?\C-x ?\C-s])
|
|
|
|
;; * BUFFERS
|
|
(list-buffers [?\C-x ?\C-b])
|
|
(switch-to-buffer [?\C-x ?b])
|
|
(save-some-buffers [?\C-x ?s])
|
|
|
|
;; * EXTENDING THE COMMAND SET
|
|
;; C-x Character eXtend. Followed by one character.
|
|
(execute-extended-command [?\M-x])
|
|
;; C-x C-f Find file
|
|
;; C-x C-s Save file
|
|
;; C-x s Save some buffers
|
|
;; C-x C-b List buffers
|
|
;; C-x b Switch buffer
|
|
;; C-x C-c Quit Emacs
|
|
;; C-x 1 Delete all but one window
|
|
;; C-x u Undo
|
|
|
|
;; * MODE LINE
|
|
(describe-mode [?\C-h ?m])
|
|
(set-fill-column [?\C-x ?f])
|
|
(fill-paragraph [?\M-q])
|
|
|
|
;; * SEARCHING
|
|
(isearch-forward [?\C-s])
|
|
(isearch-backward [?\C-r])
|
|
|
|
;; * MULTIPLE WINDOWS
|
|
(split-window-vertically [?\C-x ?2])
|
|
(scroll-other-window [?\C-\M-v])
|
|
(other-window [?\C-x ?o])
|
|
(find-file-other-window [?\C-x ?4 ?\C-f])
|
|
|
|
;; * RECURSIVE EDITING LEVELS
|
|
(keyboard-escape-quit [27 27 27])
|
|
|
|
;; * GETTING MORE HELP
|
|
;; The most basic HELP feature is C-h c
|
|
(describe-key-briefly [?\C-h ?c])
|
|
(describe-key [?\C-h ?k])
|
|
|
|
;; * MORE FEATURES
|
|
;; F10
|
|
|
|
;; * CONCLUSION
|
|
;;(iconify-or-deiconify-frame [?\C-z])
|
|
(,suspend-emacs [?\C-z]))))
|
|
(sort default-keys 'tutorial--sort-keys))
|
|
"Default Emacs key bindings that the tutorial depends on.")
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--detailed-help (button)
|
|
"Give detailed help about changed keys."
|
|
(with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
|
|
(help-setup-xref (list #'tutorial--detailed-help button)
|
|
(interactive-p))
|
|
(with-current-buffer (help-buffer)
|
|
(let* ((tutorial-buffer (button-get button 'tutorial-buffer))
|
|
(explain-key-desc (button-get button 'explain-key-desc))
|
|
(changed-keys (with-current-buffer tutorial-buffer
|
|
(save-excursion
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(tutorial--find-changed-keys
|
|
tutorial--default-keys)))))
|
|
(when changed-keys
|
|
(insert
|
|
"The following key bindings used in the tutorial have been changed
|
|
from the Emacs default:\n\n" )
|
|
(let ((frm " %-14s %-27s %-16s\n"))
|
|
(insert (format frm
|
|
"Standard Key" "Command" "In Your Emacs")))
|
|
(dolist (tk changed-keys)
|
|
(let* ((def-fun (nth 1 tk))
|
|
(key (nth 0 tk))
|
|
(def-fun-txt (nth 2 tk))
|
|
(where (nth 3 tk))
|
|
(remark (nth 4 tk))
|
|
(rem-fun (command-remapping def-fun))
|
|
(key-txt (key-description key))
|
|
(key-fun (with-current-buffer tutorial-buffer (key-binding key)))
|
|
tot-len)
|
|
(unless (eq def-fun key-fun)
|
|
;; Insert key binding description:
|
|
(when (string= key-txt explain-key-desc)
|
|
(put-text-property 0 (length key-txt)
|
|
'face 'tutorial-warning-face key-txt))
|
|
(insert " " key-txt " ")
|
|
(indent-to 18)
|
|
;; Insert a link describing the old binding:
|
|
(insert-button def-fun-txt
|
|
'value def-fun
|
|
'action
|
|
(lambda (button) (interactive)
|
|
(describe-function
|
|
(button-get button 'value)))
|
|
'follow-link t)
|
|
(indent-to 45)
|
|
(when (listp where)
|
|
(setq where "list"))
|
|
;; Tell where the old binding is now:
|
|
(insert (format " %-16s "
|
|
(if (string= "" where)
|
|
(format "M-x %s" def-fun-txt)
|
|
where)))
|
|
;; Insert a link with more information, for example
|
|
;; current binding and keymap or information about
|
|
;; cua-mode replacements:
|
|
(insert-button (car remark)
|
|
'action
|
|
(lambda (b) (interactive)
|
|
(let ((value (button-get b 'value)))
|
|
(tutorial--describe-nonstandard-key value)))
|
|
'value (cdr remark)
|
|
'follow-link t)
|
|
(insert "\n")))))
|
|
|
|
(insert "
|
|
It is OK to change key bindings, but changed bindings do not
|
|
correspond to what the tutorial says.\n\n")
|
|
(print-help-return-message)))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--find-changed-keys (default-keys)
|
|
"Find the key bindings used in the tutorial that have changed.
|
|
Return a list with elements of the form
|
|
|
|
'(KEY DEF-FUN DEF-FUN-TXT WHERE REMARK QUIET)
|
|
|
|
where
|
|
|
|
KEY is a key sequence whose standard binding has been changed
|
|
DEF-FUN is the standard binding of KEY
|
|
DEF-FUN-TXT is a short descriptive text for DEF-FUN
|
|
WHERE is a text describing the key sequences to which DEF-FUN is
|
|
bound now (or, if it is remapped, a key sequence
|
|
for the function it is remapped to)
|
|
REMARK is a list with info about rebinding. It has either of
|
|
these formats:
|
|
|
|
\(TEXT cua-mode)
|
|
\(TEXT current-binding KEY-FUN DEF-FUN KEY WHERE)
|
|
|
|
Here TEXT is a link text to show to the user. The
|
|
rest of the list is used to show information when
|
|
the user clicks the link.
|
|
|
|
KEY-FUN is the actual binding for KEY.
|
|
QUIET is t if this changed keybinding should be handled quietly.
|
|
This is used by `tutorial--display-changes'."
|
|
(let (changed-keys remark)
|
|
;; Look up the bindings in a Fundamental mode buffer
|
|
;; so we do not get fooled by some other major mode.
|
|
(with-temp-buffer
|
|
(fundamental-mode)
|
|
(dolist (kdf default-keys)
|
|
;; The variables below corresponds to those with the same names
|
|
;; described in the doc string.
|
|
(let* ((key (nth 1 kdf))
|
|
(def-fun (nth 0 kdf))
|
|
(def-fun-txt (format "%s" def-fun))
|
|
(rem-fun (command-remapping def-fun))
|
|
;; Handle prefix definitions specially
|
|
;; so that a mode that rebinds some subcommands
|
|
;; won't make it appear that the whole prefix is gone.
|
|
(key-fun (if (eq def-fun 'ESC-prefix)
|
|
(lookup-key global-map [27])
|
|
(if (eq def-fun 'Control-X-prefix)
|
|
(lookup-key global-map [24])
|
|
(key-binding key))))
|
|
(where (where-is-internal (if rem-fun rem-fun def-fun)))
|
|
cwhere)
|
|
|
|
(if where
|
|
(progn
|
|
(setq cwhere (car where)
|
|
where (key-description cwhere))
|
|
(when (and (< 10 (length where))
|
|
(string= (substring where 0 (length "<menu-bar>"))
|
|
"<menu-bar>"))
|
|
(setq where
|
|
(if (and (vectorp cwhere)
|
|
(setq cwhere (elt cwhere 1))
|
|
(setq cwhere
|
|
(cadr
|
|
(assoc cwhere
|
|
(lookup-key global-map
|
|
[menu-bar]))))
|
|
(stringp cwhere))
|
|
(format "the `%s' menu" cwhere)
|
|
"the menus"))))
|
|
(setq where ""))
|
|
(setq remark nil)
|
|
(unless
|
|
(cond ((eq key-fun def-fun)
|
|
;; No rebinding, return t
|
|
t)
|
|
((and key-fun
|
|
(eq key-fun (command-remapping def-fun)))
|
|
;; Just a remapping, return t
|
|
t)
|
|
;; cua-mode specials:
|
|
((and cua-mode
|
|
(or (and
|
|
(equal key [?\C-v])
|
|
(eq key-fun 'cua-paste))
|
|
(and
|
|
(equal key [?\C-z])
|
|
(eq key-fun 'undo))))
|
|
(setq remark (list "cua-mode, more info" 'cua-mode))
|
|
nil)
|
|
((and cua-mode
|
|
(or (and (eq def-fun 'ESC-prefix)
|
|
(equal key-fun
|
|
`(keymap
|
|
(118 . cua-repeat-replace-region)))
|
|
(setq def-fun-txt "\"ESC prefix\""))
|
|
(and (eq def-fun 'mode-specific-command-prefix)
|
|
(equal key-fun
|
|
'(keymap
|
|
(timeout . copy-region-as-kill)))
|
|
(setq def-fun-txt "\"C-c prefix\""))
|
|
(and (eq def-fun 'Control-X-prefix)
|
|
(equal key-fun
|
|
'(keymap (timeout . kill-region)))
|
|
(setq def-fun-txt "\"C-x prefix\""))))
|
|
(setq remark (list "cua-mode replacement" 'cua-mode))
|
|
(setq where "Same key")
|
|
nil)
|
|
;; viper-mode specials:
|
|
((and (boundp 'viper-mode-string)
|
|
(boundp 'viper-current-state)
|
|
(eq viper-current-state 'vi-state)
|
|
(or (and (eq def-fun 'isearch-forward)
|
|
(eq key-fun 'viper-isearch-forward))
|
|
(and (eq def-fun 'isearch-backward)
|
|
(eq key-fun 'viper-isearch-backward))))
|
|
;; These bindings works as the default bindings,
|
|
;; return t
|
|
t)
|
|
((when normal-erase-is-backspace
|
|
(or (and (equal key [C-delete])
|
|
(equal key-fun 'kill-word))
|
|
(and (equal key [C-backspace])
|
|
(equal key-fun 'backward-kill-word))))
|
|
;; This is the strange handling of C-delete and
|
|
;; C-backspace, return t
|
|
t)
|
|
(t
|
|
;; This key has indeed been rebound. Put information
|
|
;; in `remark' and return nil
|
|
(setq remark
|
|
(list "more info" 'current-binding
|
|
key-fun def-fun key where))
|
|
nil))
|
|
(add-to-list 'changed-keys
|
|
(list key def-fun def-fun-txt where remark nil))))))
|
|
changed-keys))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--key-description (key)
|
|
(let ((desc (key-description key)))
|
|
(cond ((string= "ESC" desc) "<ESC>")
|
|
((string= "RET" desc) "<Return>")
|
|
((string= "DEL" desc) "<Delback>")
|
|
(t desc))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--display-changes ()
|
|
"Display changes to some default key bindings.
|
|
If some of the default key bindings that the tutorial depends on
|
|
have been changed then display the changes in the tutorial buffer
|
|
with some explanatory links."
|
|
(let* ((changed-keys (tutorial--find-changed-keys
|
|
tutorial--default-keys))
|
|
;; Alist of element (DESC . CK) where DESC is the
|
|
;; key-description of a changed key and CK is the
|
|
;; corresponding element in `changed-keys'.
|
|
(changed-keys-alist
|
|
(mapcar (lambda (ck) (cons (tutorial--key-description (car ck)) ck))
|
|
changed-keys))
|
|
changed-key
|
|
(start (point))
|
|
(case-fold-search nil)
|
|
(keybindings-regexp
|
|
(concat "[[:space:]]\\("
|
|
(mapconcat (lambda (kdf) (regexp-quote
|
|
(tutorial--key-description
|
|
(nth 1 kdf))))
|
|
tutorial--default-keys
|
|
"\\|")
|
|
"\\)[[:punct:][:space:]]")))
|
|
;; Need the custom button face for viper buttons:
|
|
(if (boundp 'viper-mode-string) (require 'cus-edit))
|
|
|
|
(if (or changed-keys (boundp 'viper-mode-string))
|
|
(let ((head (get-lang-string tutorial--lang 'tut-chgdhead))
|
|
(head2 (get-lang-string tutorial--lang 'tut-chgdhead2)))
|
|
(when (and head head2)
|
|
(goto-char tutorial--point-before-chkeys)
|
|
(insert head " [")
|
|
(insert-button head2 'tutorial-buffer (current-buffer)
|
|
'action 'tutorial--detailed-help
|
|
'follow-link t 'face 'link)
|
|
(insert "]\n\n")
|
|
(add-text-properties tutorial--point-before-chkeys (point)
|
|
'(tutorial-remark remark
|
|
face tutorial-warning-face
|
|
read-only t)))))
|
|
|
|
;; Scan the tutorial for all key sequences.
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(while (re-search-forward keybindings-regexp (point-max) t)
|
|
;; Then highlight each rebound key sequence.
|
|
;; This avoids issuing a warning for, e.g., C-x C-b if C-b is rebound.
|
|
(setq changed-key (assoc (match-string 1) changed-keys-alist))
|
|
(and changed-key
|
|
(not (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'tutorial-remark))
|
|
(let* ((desc (car changed-key))
|
|
(ck (cdr changed-key))
|
|
(key (nth 0 ck))
|
|
(def-fun (nth 1 ck))
|
|
(where (nth 3 ck))
|
|
s1 s2 help-string)
|
|
(unless (string= where "Same key")
|
|
(when (string= where "")
|
|
(setq where (format "M-x %s" def-fun)))
|
|
(setq tutorial--point-after-chkeys (point-marker)
|
|
s1 (get-lang-string tutorial--lang 'tut-chgdkey)
|
|
s2 (get-lang-string tutorial--lang 'tut-chgdkey2)
|
|
help-string (and s1 s2 (format s1 desc where)))
|
|
(add-text-properties (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)
|
|
'(face tutorial-warning-face
|
|
tutorial-remark key-sequence))
|
|
(if help-string
|
|
(if (nth 5 ck)
|
|
;; Put help string in the tooltip.
|
|
(put-text-property (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)
|
|
'help-echo help-string)
|
|
;; Put help string in the buffer.
|
|
(save-excursion
|
|
(setcar (nthcdr 5 ck) t)
|
|
(forward-line)
|
|
;; Two or more changed keys were on the same line.
|
|
(while (eq (get-text-property (point) 'tutorial-remark)
|
|
'remark)
|
|
(forward-line))
|
|
(setq start (point))
|
|
(insert "** " help-string " [")
|
|
(insert-button s2 'tutorial-buffer (current-buffer)
|
|
'action 'tutorial--detailed-help
|
|
'explain-key-desc desc 'follow-link t
|
|
'face 'link)
|
|
(insert "] **\n")
|
|
(add-text-properties start (point)
|
|
'(tutorial-remark remark
|
|
rear-nonsticky t
|
|
face tutorial-warning-face
|
|
read-only t)))))))))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--saved-dir ()
|
|
"Directory to which tutorials are saved."
|
|
(expand-file-name "tutorial" user-emacs-directory))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--saved-file ()
|
|
"File name in which to save tutorials."
|
|
(let ((file-name tutorial--lang)
|
|
(ext (file-name-extension tutorial--lang)))
|
|
(when (or (not ext)
|
|
(string= ext ""))
|
|
(setq file-name (concat file-name ".tut")))
|
|
(expand-file-name file-name (tutorial--saved-dir))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--remove-remarks ()
|
|
"Remove the remark lines that was added to the tutorial buffer."
|
|
(save-excursion
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(let (prop-start
|
|
prop-end
|
|
prop-val)
|
|
;; Catch the case when we already are on a remark line
|
|
(while (if (get-text-property (point) 'tutorial-remark)
|
|
(setq prop-start (point))
|
|
(setq prop-start (next-single-property-change (point) 'tutorial-remark)))
|
|
(setq prop-end (next-single-property-change prop-start 'tutorial-remark))
|
|
(setq prop-val (get-text-property prop-start 'tutorial-remark))
|
|
(unless prop-end
|
|
(setq prop-end (point-max)))
|
|
(goto-char prop-end)
|
|
(unless (eq prop-val 'key-sequence)
|
|
(delete-region prop-start prop-end))))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--save-tutorial ()
|
|
"Save the tutorial buffer.
|
|
This saves the part of the tutorial before and after the area
|
|
showing changed keys. It also saves the point position and the
|
|
position where the display of changed bindings was inserted."
|
|
;; This runs in a hook so protect it:
|
|
(condition-case err
|
|
(if (y-or-n-p "Save your position in the tutorial? ")
|
|
(tutorial--save-tutorial-to (tutorial--saved-file))
|
|
(message "Tutorial position not saved"))
|
|
(error (message "Error saving tutorial state: %s"
|
|
(error-message-string err)))))
|
|
|
|
(defun tutorial--save-tutorial-to (saved-file)
|
|
"Save the tutorial buffer to SAVED-FILE.
|
|
See `tutorial--save-tutorial' for more information."
|
|
;; Anything to save?
|
|
(when (or (buffer-modified-p)
|
|
(< 1 (point)))
|
|
(let ((tutorial-dir (tutorial--saved-dir))
|
|
save-err)
|
|
;; The tutorial is saved in a subdirectory in the user home
|
|
;; directory. Create this subdirectory first.
|
|
(unless (file-directory-p tutorial-dir)
|
|
(condition-case err
|
|
(make-directory tutorial-dir nil)
|
|
(error (setq save-err t)
|
|
(warn "Could not create directory %s: %s" tutorial-dir
|
|
(error-message-string err)))))
|
|
;; Make sure we have that directory.
|
|
(if (file-directory-p tutorial-dir)
|
|
(let ((tut-point (if (= 0 tutorial--point-after-chkeys)
|
|
;; No info about changed keys is
|
|
;; displayed.
|
|
(point)
|
|
(if (< (point) tutorial--point-after-chkeys)
|
|
(- (point))
|
|
(- (point) tutorial--point-after-chkeys))))
|
|
(old-point (point))
|
|
;; Use a special undo list so that we easily can undo
|
|
;; the changes we make to the tutorial buffer. This is
|
|
;; currently not needed since we now delete the buffer
|
|
;; after saving, but kept for possible future use of
|
|
;; this function.
|
|
buffer-undo-list
|
|
(inhibit-read-only t))
|
|
;; Delete the area displaying info about changed keys.
|
|
;; (when (< 0 tutorial--point-after-chkeys)
|
|
;; (delete-region tutorial--point-before-chkeys
|
|
;; tutorial--point-after-chkeys))
|
|
;; Delete the remarks:
|
|
(tutorial--remove-remarks)
|
|
;; Put the value of point first in the buffer so it will
|
|
;; be saved with the tutorial.
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(insert (number-to-string tut-point)
|
|
"\n"
|
|
(number-to-string (marker-position
|
|
tutorial--point-before-chkeys))
|
|
"\n")
|
|
(condition-case err
|
|
(write-region nil nil saved-file)
|
|
(error (setq save-err t)
|
|
(warn "Could not save tutorial to %s: %s"
|
|
saved-file
|
|
(error-message-string err))))
|
|
;; An error is raised here?? Is this a bug?
|
|
(condition-case err
|
|
(undo-only)
|
|
(error nil))
|
|
;; Restore point
|
|
(goto-char old-point)
|
|
(if save-err
|
|
(message "Could not save tutorial state.")
|
|
(message "Saved tutorial state.")))
|
|
(message "Can't save tutorial: %s is not a directory"
|
|
tutorial-dir)))))
|
|
|
|
|
|
;;;###autoload
|
|
(defun help-with-tutorial (&optional arg dont-ask-for-revert)
|
|
"Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial.
|
|
If there is a tutorial version written in the language
|
|
of the selected language environment, that version is used.
|
|
If there's no tutorial in that language, `TUTORIAL' is selected.
|
|
With ARG, you are asked to choose which language.
|
|
If DONT-ASK-FOR-REVERT is non-nil the buffer is reverted without
|
|
any question when restarting the tutorial.
|
|
|
|
If any of the standard Emacs key bindings that are used in the
|
|
tutorial have been changed then an explanatory note about this is
|
|
shown in the beginning of the tutorial buffer.
|
|
|
|
When the tutorial buffer is killed the content and the point
|
|
position in the buffer is saved so that the tutorial may be
|
|
resumed later."
|
|
(interactive "P")
|
|
(if (boundp 'viper-current-state)
|
|
(let ((prompt1
|
|
"You can not run the Emacs tutorial directly because you have \
|
|
enabled Viper.")
|
|
(prompt2 "\nThere is however a Viper tutorial you can run instead.
|
|
Run the Viper tutorial? "))
|
|
(if (fboundp 'viper-tutorial)
|
|
(if (y-or-n-p (concat prompt1 prompt2))
|
|
(progn (message "")
|
|
(funcall 'viper-tutorial 0))
|
|
(message "Tutorial aborted by user"))
|
|
(message prompt1)))
|
|
(let* ((lang (if arg
|
|
(let ((minibuffer-setup-hook minibuffer-setup-hook))
|
|
(add-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook
|
|
'minibuffer-completion-help)
|
|
(read-language-name 'tutorial "Language: " "English"))
|
|
(if (get-language-info current-language-environment 'tutorial)
|
|
current-language-environment
|
|
"English")))
|
|
(filename (get-language-info lang 'tutorial))
|
|
;; Choose a buffer name including the language so that
|
|
;; several languages can be tested simultaneously:
|
|
(tut-buf-name (concat "TUTORIAL (" lang ")"))
|
|
(old-tut-buf (get-buffer tut-buf-name))
|
|
(old-tut-win (when old-tut-buf (get-buffer-window old-tut-buf t)))
|
|
(old-tut-is-ok (when old-tut-buf
|
|
(not (buffer-modified-p old-tut-buf))))
|
|
old-tut-file
|
|
(old-tut-point 1))
|
|
(setq tutorial--point-after-chkeys (point-min))
|
|
;; Try to display the tutorial buffer before asking to revert it.
|
|
;; If the tutorial buffer is shown in some window make sure it is
|
|
;; selected and displayed:
|
|
(if old-tut-win
|
|
(raise-frame
|
|
(window-frame
|
|
(select-window (get-buffer-window old-tut-buf t))))
|
|
;; Else, is there an old tutorial buffer? Then display it:
|
|
(when old-tut-buf
|
|
(switch-to-buffer old-tut-buf)))
|
|
;; Use whole frame for tutorial
|
|
(delete-other-windows)
|
|
;; If the tutorial buffer has been changed then ask if it should
|
|
;; be reverted:
|
|
(when (and old-tut-buf
|
|
(not old-tut-is-ok))
|
|
(setq old-tut-is-ok
|
|
(if dont-ask-for-revert
|
|
nil
|
|
(not (y-or-n-p
|
|
"You have changed the Tutorial buffer. Revert it? ")))))
|
|
;; (Re)build the tutorial buffer if it is not ok
|
|
(unless old-tut-is-ok
|
|
(switch-to-buffer (get-buffer-create tut-buf-name))
|
|
(unless old-tut-buf (text-mode))
|
|
(unless lang (error "Variable lang is nil"))
|
|
(setq tutorial--lang lang)
|
|
(setq old-tut-file (file-exists-p (tutorial--saved-file)))
|
|
(let ((inhibit-read-only t))
|
|
(erase-buffer))
|
|
(message "Preparing tutorial ...") (sit-for 0)
|
|
|
|
;; Do not associate the tutorial buffer with a file. Instead use
|
|
;; a hook to save it when the buffer is killed.
|
|
(setq buffer-auto-save-file-name nil)
|
|
(add-hook 'kill-buffer-hook 'tutorial--save-tutorial nil t)
|
|
|
|
;; Insert the tutorial. First offer to resume last tutorial
|
|
;; editing session.
|
|
(when dont-ask-for-revert
|
|
(setq old-tut-file nil))
|
|
(when old-tut-file
|
|
(setq old-tut-file
|
|
(y-or-n-p "Resume your last saved tutorial? ")))
|
|
(if old-tut-file
|
|
(progn
|
|
(insert-file-contents (tutorial--saved-file))
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(setq old-tut-point
|
|
(string-to-number
|
|
(buffer-substring-no-properties
|
|
(line-beginning-position) (line-end-position))))
|
|
(forward-line)
|
|
(setq tutorial--point-before-chkeys
|
|
(string-to-number
|
|
(buffer-substring-no-properties
|
|
(line-beginning-position) (line-end-position))))
|
|
(forward-line)
|
|
(delete-region (point-min) (point))
|
|
(goto-char tutorial--point-before-chkeys)
|
|
(setq tutorial--point-before-chkeys (point-marker)))
|
|
(insert-file-contents (expand-file-name filename tutorial-directory))
|
|
(forward-line)
|
|
(setq tutorial--point-before-chkeys (point-marker)))
|
|
|
|
(tutorial--display-changes)
|
|
|
|
;; Clear message:
|
|
(unless dont-ask-for-revert
|
|
(message "") (sit-for 0))
|
|
|
|
|
|
(if old-tut-file
|
|
;; Just move to old point in saved tutorial.
|
|
(let ((old-point
|
|
(if (> 0 old-tut-point)
|
|
(- old-tut-point)
|
|
(+ old-tut-point tutorial--point-after-chkeys))))
|
|
(when (< old-point 1)
|
|
(setq old-point 1))
|
|
(goto-char old-point))
|
|
(goto-char (point-min))
|
|
(search-forward "\n<<")
|
|
(beginning-of-line)
|
|
;; Convert the <<...>> line to the proper [...] line,
|
|
;; or just delete the <<...>> line if a [...] line follows.
|
|
(cond ((save-excursion
|
|
(forward-line 1)
|
|
(looking-at "\\["))
|
|
(delete-region (point) (progn (forward-line 1) (point))))
|
|
((looking-at "<<Blank lines inserted.*>>")
|
|
(replace-match "[Middle of page left blank for didactic purposes. Text continues below]"))
|
|
(t
|
|
(looking-at "<<")
|
|
(replace-match "[")
|
|
(search-forward ">>")
|
|
(replace-match "]")))
|
|
(beginning-of-line)
|
|
(let ((n (- (window-height (selected-window))
|
|
(count-lines (point-min) (point))
|
|
6)))
|
|
(if (< n 8)
|
|
(progn
|
|
;; For a short gap, we don't need the [...] line,
|
|
;; so delete it.
|
|
(delete-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point)))
|
|
(newline n))
|
|
;; Some people get confused by the large gap.
|
|
(newline (/ n 2))
|
|
|
|
;; Skip the [...] line (don't delete it).
|
|
(forward-line 1)
|
|
(newline (- n (/ n 2)))))
|
|
(goto-char (point-min)))
|
|
(setq buffer-undo-list nil)
|
|
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))
|
|
|
|
|
|
;; Below is some attempt to handle language specific strings. These
|
|
;; are currently only used in the tutorial.
|
|
|
|
(defconst lang-strings
|
|
'(("English" .
|
|
((tut-chgdkey . "%s has been rebound, but you can use %s instead")
|
|
(tut-chgdkey2 . "More")
|
|
(tut-chgdhead . "
|
|
NOTICE: The main purpose of the Emacs tutorial is to teach you
|
|
the most important standard Emacs commands (key bindings).
|
|
However, your Emacs has been customized by changing some of
|
|
these basic editing commands, so it doesn't correspond to the
|
|
tutorial. We have inserted colored notices where the altered
|
|
commands have been introduced.")
|
|
(tut-chgdhead2 . "More"))))
|
|
"Language specific strings for Emacs.
|
|
This is an association list with the keys equal to the strings
|
|
that can be returned by `read-language-name'. The elements in
|
|
the list are themselves association lists with keys that are
|
|
string ids and values that are the language specific strings.
|
|
|
|
See `get-lang-string' for more information.")
|
|
|
|
(defun get-lang-string (lang stringid &optional no-eng-fallback)
|
|
"Get a language specific string for Emacs.
|
|
In certain places Emacs can replace a string shown to the user with
|
|
a language specific string. This function retrieves such strings.
|
|
|
|
LANG is the language specification. It should be one of those
|
|
strings that can be returned by `read-language-name'. STRINGID
|
|
is a symbol that specifies the string to retrieve.
|
|
|
|
If no string is found for STRINGID in the chosen language then
|
|
the English string is returned unless NO-ENG-FALLBACK is non-nil.
|
|
|
|
See `lang-strings' for more information.
|
|
|
|
Currently this feature is only used in `help-with-tutorial'."
|
|
(let ((my-lang-strings (assoc lang lang-strings))
|
|
(found-string))
|
|
(when my-lang-strings
|
|
(let ((entry (assoc stringid (cdr my-lang-strings))))
|
|
(when entry
|
|
(setq found-string (cdr entry)))))
|
|
;; Fallback to English strings
|
|
(unless (or found-string
|
|
no-eng-fallback)
|
|
(setq found-string (get-lang-string "English" stringid t)))
|
|
found-string))
|
|
|
|
;;(get-lang-string "English" 'tut-chgdkey)
|
|
|
|
(provide 'tutorial)
|
|
|
|
;; arch-tag: c8e80aef-c3bb-4ffb-8af6-22171bf0c100
|
|
;;; tutorial.el ends here
|