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Add a bit of information on FFS snapshots to the mount(8) manual page.
PR: 30139 Submitted by: Chris Knight <chris@aims.com.au? MFC after: 3 days
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2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=99817
@ -180,6 +180,73 @@ mount the filesystem read-only (even the super-user may not write it).
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All
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.Tn I/O
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to the filesystem should be done synchronously.
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.It Cm snapshot
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This option allows a snapshot of the specified filesystem to be taken.
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The
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.Fl u
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flag is required with this option.
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Note that snapshot files must be created in the filesystem that is being
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snapshotted.
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You may create up to 20 snapshots per filesystem.
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Active snapshots are recorded in the superblock, so they persist across unmount
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and remount operations and across system reboots.
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When you are done with a snapshot, it can be removed with the
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.Xr rm
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command.
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Snapshots may be removed in any order, however you may not get back all the
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space contained in the snapshot as another snapshot may claim some of the blocks
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that it is releasing.
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Note that the schg flag is set on snapshots to ensure that not even the root
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user can write to them.
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The unlink command makes an exception for snapshot files in that it allows them
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to be removed even though they have the schg flag set, so it is not necessary to
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clear the schg flag before removing a snapshot file.
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.Pp
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Once you have taken a snapshot, there are three interesting things that you can
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do with it:
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.Pp
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.Bl -enum -compact
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.It
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Run fsck on the snapshot file.
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Assuming that the filesystem was clean when it was mounted, you should always
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get a clean (and unchanging) result from running fsck on the snapshot.
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This is essentially what the background fsck process does.
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.Pp
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.It
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Run dump on the snapshot.
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You will get a dump that is consistent with the filesystem as of the timestamp
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of the snapshot.
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Note that
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.Xr dump
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has not yet been changed to set the dumpdates file correctly, so do not use this
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feature in production until that fix is made.
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.Pp
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.It
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Mount the snapshot as a frozen image of the filesystem.
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To mount the snapshot
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.Pa /var/snapshot/snap1 :
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.Bd -literal
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mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /var/snapshot/snap1 -u 4
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mount -r /dev/md4 /mnt
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.Ed
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.Pp
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You can now cruise around your frozen
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.Pa /var
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filesystem at
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.Pa /mnt .
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Everything will be in the same state that it was at the time the snapshot was
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taken.
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The one exception is that any earlier snapshots will appear as zero length
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files.
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When you are done with the mounted snapshot:
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.Bd -literal
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umount /mnt
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mdconfig -d -u 4
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Further details can be found in the file at
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.Pa /usr/src/sys/ufs/ffs/README.snapshot .
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.El
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.It Cm suiddir
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A directory on the mounted filesystem will respond to the SUID bit
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being set, by setting the owner of any new files to be the same
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