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mdoc(7) cleanup
Submitted by: ru
This commit is contained in:
Gleb Smirnoff
parent
6fba4c0bae
commit
3e630869d1
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=142372
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd February 23, 2005
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.Dt CARP 4
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@ -36,10 +36,9 @@
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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interface is a pseudo-device which implements and controls the
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interface is a pseudo-device that implements and controls the
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CARP protocol.
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.Nm
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allows multiple hosts on the same local network to share a set of IP addresses.
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CARP allows multiple hosts on the same local network to share a set of IP addresses.
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Its primary purpose is to ensure that these
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addresses are always available, but in some configurations
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.Nm
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@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ can also provide load balancing functionality.
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A
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.Nm
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interface can be created at runtime using the
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.Ic ifconfig carp Ns Ar N Ic create
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.Nm ifconfig Li carp Ns Ar N Cm create
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command or by setting up configuration in
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf
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file.
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@ -65,29 +64,33 @@ and
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which are used to control how frequently the host sends advertisements when it
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is the master for a virtual host, and
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.Cm pass
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which is used to authenticate carp advertisements.
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which is used to authenticate
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.Nm
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advertisements.
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Finally
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.Cm carpdev
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is used to specify which interface the
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.Nm
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device attaches to.
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If unspecified, the kernel attempts to set carpdev by looking for
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If unspecified, the kernel attempts to set
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.Cm carpdev
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by looking for
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another interface with the same subnet.
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These configurations can be done using
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.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
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or through the
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.Dv SIOCSVH
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ioctl.
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.Xr ioctl 2 .
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.Pp
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Additionally, there are a number of global parameters which can be set using
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.Xr sysctl 8 :
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.Bl -tag -width net.inet.carp.arpbalance
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.It net.inet.carp.allow
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.Bl -tag -width ".Va net.inet.carp.arpbalance"
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.It Va net.inet.carp.allow
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Accept incoming
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.Nm
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packets.
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Enabled by default.
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.It net.inet.carp.preempt
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.It Va net.inet.carp.preempt
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Allow virtual hosts to preempt each other.
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It is also used to failover
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.Nm
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@ -95,17 +98,19 @@ interfaces as a group.
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When the option is enabled and one of the
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.Nm
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enabled physical interfaces
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goes down, advskew is changed to 240 on all
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goes down,
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.Cm advskew
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is changed to 240 on all
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.Nm
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interfaces.
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See also the first example.
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Disabled by default.
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.It net.inet.carp.log
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.It Va net.inet.carp.log
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Log bad
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.Nm
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packets.
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Enabled by default.
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.It net.inet.carp.arpbalance
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.It Va net.inet.carp.arpbalance
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Balance local traffic using ARP.
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Disabled by default.
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.El
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@ -117,32 +122,35 @@ interfaces together, when one of the physical interfaces goes down.
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This is achieved by the preempt option.
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Enable it on both host A and B:
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.Pp
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.Dl # sysctl net.inet.carp.preempt=1
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.Dl sysctl net.inet.carp.preempt=1
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.Pp
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Assume that host A is the preferred master and 192.168.1.x/24 is
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configured on one physical interface and 192.168.2.y/24 on another.
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This is the setup for host A:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# ifconfig carp0 create
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# ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.1 \e
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ifconfig carp0 create
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ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.1 \e
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255.255.255.0
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# ifconfig carp1 create
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# ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.2.1 \e
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ifconfig carp1 create
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ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.2.1 \e
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255.255.255.0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The setup for host B is identical, but it has a higher advskew:
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The setup for host B is identical, but it has a higher
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.Cm advskew :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# ifconfig carp0 create
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# ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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ifconfig carp0 create
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ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
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# ifconfig carp1 create
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# ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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ifconfig carp1 create
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ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Because of the preempt option, when one of the physical interfaces of
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host A fails, advskew is adjusted to 240 on all its
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host A fails,
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.Cm advskew
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is adjusted to 240 on all its
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.Nm
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interfaces.
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This will cause host B to preempt on both interfaces instead of
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@ -156,34 +164,35 @@ provide balancing and failover for the IP address 192.168.1.10.
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.Pp
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First the
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.Nm
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interfaces on Host A are configured.
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interfaces on host A are configured.
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The
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.Cm advskew
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of 100 on the second virtual host means that its advertisements will be sent
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out slightly less frequently.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# ifconfig carp0 create
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# ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.10 \e
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ifconfig carp0 create
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ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.10 \e
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255.255.255.0
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# ifconfig carp1 create
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# ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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ifconfig carp1 create
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ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The configuration for host B is identical, except the skew is on
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virtual host 1 rather than virtual host 2.
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The configuration for host B is identical, except the
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.Cm advskew
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is on virtual host 1 rather than virtual host 2.
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# ifconfig carp0 create
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# ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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ifconfig carp0 create
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ifconfig carp0 vhid 1 advskew 100 pass mekmitasdigoat \e
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192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0
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# ifconfig carp1 create
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# ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.10 \e
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ifconfig carp1 create
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ifconfig carp1 vhid 2 pass mekmitasdigoat 192.168.1.10 \e
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255.255.255.0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Finally, the ARP balancing feature must be enabled on both hosts:
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.Pp
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.Dl # sysctl net.inet.carp.arpbalance=1
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.Dl sysctl net.inet.carp.arpbalance=1
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.Pp
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When the hosts receive an ARP request for 192.168.1.10, the source IP address
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of the request is used to compute which virtual host should answer the request.
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@ -210,5 +219,5 @@ device first appeared in
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.Ox 3.5 .
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The
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.Nm
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device was imported to
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device was imported into
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.Fx 5.4 .
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