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2fccbf04cc
PR: 167696 Submitted by: Nobuyuki Koganemaru (kogane!jp.freebsd.org) MFC after: 3 days
997 lines
27 KiB
Groff
997 lines
27 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright 1996-2003 John D. Polstra.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $Id: cvsup.1,v 1.70 2003/03/04 18:23:46 jdp Exp $
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd February 1, 2006
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.Dt CSUP 1
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.Os FreeBSD
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm csup
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.Nd network distribution package for CVS repositories
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl 146aksvzZ
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.Op Fl A Ar addr
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.Op Fl b Ar base
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.Op Fl c Ar collDir
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.Op Fl d Ar delLimit
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.Op Fl h Ar host
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.Op Fl i Ar pattern
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.Op Fl l Ar lockfile
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.Op Fl L Ar verbosity
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.Op Fl p Ar port
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.Op Fl r Ar maxRetries
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.Ar supfile
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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is a software package for updating collections of files across a network.
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It is a rewrite of the
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.Nm CVSup
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software in C.
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This manual page describes the usage of the
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.Nm
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client program.
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.Pp
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Unlike more traditional network distribution packages, such as
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.Nm rdist
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and
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.Nm sup ,
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.Nm
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has specific optimizations for distributing CVS repositories.
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.Nm
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takes advantage of the properties of CVS repositories and the files they
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contain (in particular, RCS files), enabling it to perform updates much
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faster than traditional systems.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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is a general-purpose network file updating package.
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It is extremely fast,
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even for collections of files which have nothing to do with CVS or
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RCS.
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.Sh OPTIONS
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The client program
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.Nm
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requires at least a single argument,
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.Ar supfile .
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It names a file describing one or more collections of files to be
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transferred and/or updated from the server.
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The
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.Ar supfile
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has a format similar to the corresponding file used by
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.Nm sup .
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In most cases,
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.Nm
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can use existing
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.Nm sup Ar supfiles .
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.Pp
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The following options are supported by
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.Nm :
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.Bl -tag -width Fl
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.It Fl 1
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Disables automatic retries when transient failures occur.
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Without this option, a transient failure such as a dropped network
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connection causes
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.Nm
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to retry repeatedly, using randomized exponential backoff to space the
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retries.
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This option is equivalent to
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.Fl r Cm 0 .
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.It Fl 4
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv4 addresses only.
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.It Fl 6
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv6 addresses only.
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.It Fl a
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Requires the server to authenticate itself (prove its identity) to
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the client. If authentication of the server fails, the update is
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canceled. See
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.Sx AUTHENTICATION ,
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below.
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.It Fl A Ar addr
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Specifies a local address to bind to when connecting to the server.
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The local address might be a hostname or a numeric host address string
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consisting of a dotted decimal IPv4 address or an IPv6 address.
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This may be useful on hosts which have multiple IP addresses.
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.It Fl b Ar base
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Specifies the base directory under which
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.Nm
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will maintain its bookkeeping files, overriding any
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.Cm base
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specifications in the
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.Ar supfile .
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.It Fl c Ar collDir
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Specifies the subdirectory of
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.Ar base
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where the information about the collections is maintained.
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The default is
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.Pa sup .
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.It Fl d Ar delLimit
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Specifies the maximum number of files that may be deleted in a
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single update run.
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Any attempt to exceed the limit results in a fatal error.
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This can provide some protection against temporary configuration
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mistakes on the server.
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The default limit is infinity.
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.It Fl h Ar host
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Specifies the server host to contact, overriding any
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.Cm host
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specifications in the
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.Ar supfile .
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.It Fl i Ar pattern
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Causes
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.Nm
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to include only files and directories matching
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.Ar pattern
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in the update. If a directory matches the pattern, then the entire
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subtree rooted at the directory is included. If this option is
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specified multiple times, the patterns are combined using the
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.Ql or
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operation. If no
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.Fl i
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options are given, the default is to update all files in each
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collection.
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.Pp
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The
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.Ar pattern
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is a standard file name pattern.
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It is interpreted relative to the collection's prefix directory.
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Slash characters are matched only by explicit slashes in the pattern.
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Leading periods in file name are not treated specially.
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.It Fl k
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Causes
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.Nm
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to keep the temporary copies of any incorrectly edited files, in the
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event of checksum mismatches.
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This option is for debugging, to help determine why the files were
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edited incorrectly.
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Regardless of whether this option is specified, the permanent versions
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of faulty files are replaced with correct versions obtained by
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transferring the files in their entirety.
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Such transfers are called fixups.
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.It Fl l Ar lockfile
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Creates and locks the
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.Ar lockfile
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while the update is in progress.
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If
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.Ar lockfile
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is already locked,
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.Nm
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fails without performing automatic retries.
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This option is useful when
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.Nm
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is executed periodically from
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.Nm cron .
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It prevents a job from interfering with an earlier job that is perhaps
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taking extra long because of network problems.
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.Pp
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The process-ID is written to the lock file in text form when the lock
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is successfully acquired.
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Upon termination of the update, the lock file is removed.
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.It Fl L Ar verbosity
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Sets the verbosity level for output.
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A level of 0 causes
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.Nm
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to be completely silent unless errors occur.
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A level of 1 (the default) causes each updated file to be listed.
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A level of 2 provides more detailed information about the updates
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performed on each file.
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All messages are directed to the standard output.
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.It Fl p Ar port
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Sets the TCP port to which
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.Nm
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attempts to connect on the server host.
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The default port is 5999.
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.It Fl r Ar maxRetries
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Limits the number of automatic retries that will be attempted when
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transient errors such as lost network connections are encountered.
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By default,
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.Nm
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will retry indefinitely until an update is successfully completed.
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The retries are spaced using randomized exponential backoff.
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Note that
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.Fl r Cm 0
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is equivalent to the
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.Fl 1
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option.
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.It Fl s
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Suppresses the check of each client file's status against what is
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recorded in the list file. Instead, the list file is assumed to be
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accurate. This option greatly reduces the amount of disk activity and
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results in faster updates with less load on the client host. However
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it should only be used if client's files are never modified locally in
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any way. Mirror sites may find this option beneficial to reduce the
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disk load on their systems. For safety, even mirror sites should run
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.Nm
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occasionally (perhaps once a day) without the
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.Fl s
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option.
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.Pp
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Without the
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.Fl s
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option,
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.Nm
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performs a
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.Xr stat 2
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call on each file and verifies that its attributes match those
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recorded in the list file. This ensures that any file changes made
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outside of
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.Nm
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are detected and corrected.
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.Pp
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If the
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.Fl s
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option is used when one or more files have been modified locally, the
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results are undefined. Local file damage may remain uncorrected,
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updates may be missed, or
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.Nm
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may abort prematurely.
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.It Fl v
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Prints the version number and exits, without contacting the server.
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.It Fl z
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Enables compression for all collections, as if the
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.Cm compress
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keyword were added to every collection in the
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.Ar supfile .
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.It Fl Z
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Disables compression for all collections, as if the
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.Cm compress
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keyword were removed from every collection in the
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.Ar supfile .
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Ar supfile
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is a text file which specifies the file collections to be updated.
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Comments begin with
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.Ql #
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and extend to the end of the line. Lines that are empty except for
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comments and white space are ignored. Each remaining line begins
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with the name of a server-defined collection of files. Following the
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collection name on the line are zero or more keywords or keyword=value
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pairs.
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.Pp
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Default settings may be specified in lines whose collection name is
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.Cm *default .
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Such defaults will apply to subsequent lines in the
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.Ar supfile .
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Multiple
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.Cm *default
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lines may be present.
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New values augment or override any defaults specified earlier in the
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.Ar supfile .
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Values specified explicitly for a collection override any default
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values.
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.Pp
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The most commonly used keywords are:
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.Bl -tag -width Fl
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.It Cm release= Ns Ar releaseName
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This specifies the release of the files within a collection.
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Like collection names, release names are defined by the server
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configuration files. Usually there is only one release in each
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collection, but there may be any number. Collections which come from
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a CVS repository often use
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.Cm release=cvs
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by convention. Non-CVS collections conventionally use
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.Cm release=current .
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.It Cm base= Ns Ar base
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This specifies a directory under which
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.Nm
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will maintain its bookkeeping files, describing the state of each
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collection on the client machine.
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The
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.Ar base
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directory must already exist;
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.Nm
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will not create it.
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The default
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.Ar base
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directory is
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.Pa /usr/local/etc/cvsup .
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.It Cm prefix= Ns Ar prefix
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This is the directory under which updated files will be placed.
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By default, it is the same as
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.Ar base .
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If it is not an absolute pathname, it is interpreted relative to
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.Ar base .
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The
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.Ar prefix
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directory must already exist;
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.Nm
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will not create it.
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.Pp
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As a special case, if
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.Ar prefix
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is a symbolic link pointing to a nonexistent file named
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.Ql SKIP ,
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then
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.Nm
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will skip the collection.
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The parameters associated with the collection are still checked for
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validity, but none of its files will be updated.
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This feature allows a site to use a standard
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.Ar supfile
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on several machines, yet control which collections get updated on a
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per-machine basis.
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.It Cm host= Ns Ar hostname
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This specifies the server machine from which all files will be taken.
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.Nm
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requires that all collections in a single run come from the same host.
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If you wish to update collections from several different hosts, you must
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run
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.Nm
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several times.
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.It Cm delete
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The presence of this keyword gives
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.Nm
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permission to delete files.
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If it is missing, no files will be deleted.
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.Pp
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The presence of the
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.Cm delete
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keyword puts
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.Nm
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into so-called
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.Em exact
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mode. In exact mode,
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.Nm
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does its best to make the client's files correspond to those on the server.
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This includes deleting individual deltas and symbolic tags from RCS
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files, as well as deleting entire files.
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In exact mode,
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.Nm
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verifies every edited file with a checksum, to ensure that the edits
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have produced a file identical to the master copy on the server.
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If the checksum test fails for a file, then
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.Nm
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falls back upon transferring the entire file.
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.Pp
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In general,
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.Nm
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deletes only files which are known to the server.
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Extra files present in the client's tree are left alone, even in exact
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mode.
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More precisely,
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.Nm
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is willing to delete two classes of files:
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.Bl -bullet -compact
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.It
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Files that were previously created or updated by
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.Nm
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itself.
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.It
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Checked-out versions of files which are marked as dead on the server.
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.El
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.It Cm use-rel-suffix
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Causes
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.Nm
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to append a suffix constructed from the release and tag to the name of
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each list file that it maintains.
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See
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.Sx THE LIST FILE
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for details.
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.It Cm compress
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This enables compression of all data sent across the network.
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Compression is quite effective, normally eliminating 65% to 75% of the
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bytes that would otherwise need to be transferred.
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However, it is costly in terms of CPU time on both the client and the
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server.
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On local area networks, compression is generally counter-productive; it
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actually slows down file updates.
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On links with speeds of 56K bits/second or less, compression is almost
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always beneficial.
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For network links with speeds between these two extremes, let
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experimentation be your guide.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl z
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command line option enables the
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.Cm compress
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keyword for all collections, regardless of what is specified in the supfile.
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Likewise, the
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.Fl Z
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command line option disables the
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.Cm compress
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option for all collections.
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.Nm
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uses a looser checksum for RCS files, which ignores harmless
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differences in white space. Different versions of CVS and RCS produce
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a variety of differences in white space for the same RCS files. Thus
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the strict checksum can report spurious mismatches for files which are
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logically identical. This can lead to numerous unneeded
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.Dq fixups ,
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and thus to slow updates.
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.It Cm umask= Ns Ar n
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Causes
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.Nm
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to use a umask value of
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.Ar n
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(an octal number) when updating the files in the collection.
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This option is ignored if
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.Cm preserve
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is specified.
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.El
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.Pp
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Some additional, more specialized keywords are described below.
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Unrecognized keywords are silently ignored for backward compatibility
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with
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.Nm sup .
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.Sh CVS MODE
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.Nm CVSup
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supports two primary modes of operation.
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They are called
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.Em CVS
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mode and
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.Em checkout
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mode.
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.Pp
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In CVS mode, the client receives copies of the actual RCS files making
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up the master CVS repository. CVS mode is the default mode of operation.
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It is appropriate when the user wishes to maintain a full copy of the
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CVS repository on the client machine.
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.Pp
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CVS mode is also appropriate for file collections which are not
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based upon a CVS repository. The files are simply transferred
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verbatim, without interpretation.
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.Sh CHECKOUT MODE
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In checkout mode, the client receives specific revisions of files,
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checked out directly from the server's CVS repository.
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Checkout mode allows the client to receive any version from the
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repository, without requiring any extra disk space on the server for
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storing multiple versions in checked-out form.
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Checkout mode provides much flexibility beyond that basic functionality,
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however.
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The client can specify any CVS symbolic tag, or any date, or both, and
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.Nm
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will provide the corresponding checked-out versions of the files in the
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repository.
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.Pp
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Checkout mode is selected on a per-collection basis, by the presence of
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one or both of the following keywords in the
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.Ar supfile :
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.Bl -tag -width Fl
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.It Cm tag= Ns Ar tagname
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This specifies a symbolic tag that should be used to select the
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revisions that are checked out from the CVS repository.
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The tag may refer to either a branch or a specific revision.
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It must be symbolic; numeric revision numbers are not supported.
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.Pp
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For the FreeBSD source repository, the most commonly used tags will be:
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.Bl -tag -width RELENG_6
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.It Li RELENG_6
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The
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.Ql stable
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branch.
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.It Li \&.
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The main branch (the
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.Ql current
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release).
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This is the default, if only the
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.Cm date
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keyword is given.
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.El
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.Sm off
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.It Xo Cm date=
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.Op Ar cc
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.Ar yy.mm.dd.hh.mm.ss
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.Xc
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.Sm on
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This specifies a date that should be used to select the revisions that
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are checked out from the CVS repository.
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The client will receive the revisions that were in effect at the
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specified date and time.
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.Pp
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|
At present, the date format is inflexible. All 17 or 19 characters must
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be specified, exactly as shown.
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For the years 2000 and beyond, specify the century
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.Ar cc .
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For earlier years, specify only the last two digits
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.Ar yy .
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Dates and times are considered to
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be GMT.
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The default date is
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.Ql \&. ,
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which means
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.Dq as late as possible .
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.El
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.Pp
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|
To enable checkout mode, you must specify at least one of these keywords.
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If both are missing,
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.Nm
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defaults to CVS mode.
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.Pp
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If both a branch tag and a date are specified, then the revisions on the
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given branch, as of the given date, will be checked out. It is
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permitted, but not particularly useful, to specify a date with a
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specific release tag.
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.Pp
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In checkout mode, the tag and/or date may be changed between updates.
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For example, suppose that a collection has been transferred using the
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specification
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.Ql tag=. .
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The user could later change the specification to
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.Ql tag=RELENG_3 .
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This would cause
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.Nm
|
|
to edit the checked-out files in such a way as to transform them from the
|
|
.Ql current
|
|
versions to the
|
|
.Ql stable
|
|
versions.
|
|
In general,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is willing to transform any tag/date combination into any other tag/date
|
|
combination, by applying the intervening RCS deltas to the existing files.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When transforming a collection of checked-out files from one tag to
|
|
another, it is important to specify the
|
|
.Cm list
|
|
keyword in the
|
|
.Ar supfile ,
|
|
to ensure that the same list file is used both before and after the
|
|
transformation.
|
|
The list file is described in
|
|
.Sx THE LIST FILE ,
|
|
below.
|
|
.Sh THE LIST FILE
|
|
For efficiency,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
maintains a bookkeeping file for each collection, called the list file.
|
|
The list file contains information about which files and revisions the client
|
|
currently possesses.
|
|
It also contains information used for verifying that the list file
|
|
is consistent with the actual files in the client's tree.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The list file is not strictly necessary. If it is deleted, or becomes
|
|
inconsistent with the actual client files,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
falls back upon a less efficient method of identifying the client's
|
|
files and performing its updates.
|
|
Depending on
|
|
.Nm csup Ns No 's
|
|
mode of operation, the fallback method employs time stamps, checksums, or
|
|
analysis of RCS files.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Because the list file is not essential,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is able to
|
|
.Dq adopt
|
|
an existing file tree acquired by FTP or from a CD-ROM.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
identifies the client's versions of the files, updates them as
|
|
necessary, and creates a list file for future use.
|
|
Adopting a foreign file tree is not as fast as performing a normal
|
|
update.
|
|
It also produces a heavier load on the server.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The list file is stored in a collection-specific directory; see
|
|
.Sx FILES
|
|
for details.
|
|
Its name always begins with
|
|
.Ql checkouts .
|
|
If the keyword
|
|
.Cm use-rel-suffix
|
|
is specified in the
|
|
.Ar supfile ,
|
|
a suffix, formed from the release and tag, is appended to the name.
|
|
The default suffix can be overridden by specifying an explicit suffix in
|
|
the
|
|
.Ar supfile :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl
|
|
.It Cm list= Ns Ar suffix
|
|
This specifies a suffix for the name of the list file. A leading dot is
|
|
provided automatically.
|
|
For example,
|
|
.Ql list=stable
|
|
would produce a list file named
|
|
.Pa checkouts.stable ,
|
|
regardless of the release, tag, or
|
|
.Cm use-rel-suffix
|
|
keyword.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh REFUSE FILES
|
|
The user can specify sets of files that he does not wish to receive.
|
|
The files are specified as file name patterns in so-called
|
|
.Em refuse
|
|
files.
|
|
The patterns are separated by whitespace, and multiple patterns are
|
|
permitted on each line.
|
|
Files and directories matching the patterns are neither updated nor
|
|
deleted; they are simply ignored.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
There is currently no provision for comments in refuse files.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The patterns are similar to those of
|
|
.Xr sh 1 ,
|
|
except that there is no special treatment for slashes or for
|
|
filenames that begin with a period.
|
|
For example, the pattern
|
|
.Ql *.c
|
|
will match any file name ending with
|
|
.Ql \&.c
|
|
including those in subdirectories, such as
|
|
.Ql foo/bar/lam.c .
|
|
All patterns are interpreted relative to the collection's prefix
|
|
directory.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the files are coming from a CVS repository, as is usually
|
|
the case, then they will be RCS files. These have a
|
|
.Ql \&,v
|
|
suffix which must be taken into account in the patterns. For
|
|
example, the FreeBSD documentation files are in a sub-directory of
|
|
.Ar base
|
|
called
|
|
.Ql doc .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ql Makefile
|
|
from that directory is not required then the line
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa doc/Makefile
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
will not work because the file on the server is called
|
|
.Ql Makefile,v .
|
|
A better solution would be
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa doc/Makefile*
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
which will match whether
|
|
.Ql Makefile
|
|
is an RCS file or not.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
As another example, to receive the FreeBSD documentation files without
|
|
the Japanese, Russian, and Chinese translations, create a refuse file
|
|
containing the following lines:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa doc/ja*
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa doc/ru*
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa doc/zh*
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
As many as three refuse files are examined for each
|
|
.Ar supfile
|
|
line.
|
|
There can be a global refuse file named
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Ar base / Ar collDir Pa /refuse
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
which applies to all collections and releases.
|
|
There can be a per-collection refuse file named
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Xo Ar base / Ar collDir / Ar collection
|
|
.Pa /refuse
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
which applies to a specific collection.
|
|
Finally, there can be a per-release and tag refuse file which applies only
|
|
to a given release/tag combination within a collection.
|
|
The name of the latter is formed by suffixing the name of the
|
|
per-collection refuse file in the same manner as described above for the
|
|
list file.
|
|
None of the refuse files are required to exist.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
has a built-in default value of
|
|
.Ar /usr/local/etc/cvsup
|
|
for
|
|
.Ar base
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar sup
|
|
for
|
|
.Ar collDir
|
|
but it is possible to override both of these. The value of
|
|
.Ar base
|
|
can be changed using the
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
option or a
|
|
.Ar base=pathname
|
|
entry in the
|
|
.Ar supfile .
|
|
(If both are used the
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
option will override the
|
|
.Ar supfile
|
|
entry.) The value of
|
|
.Ar collDir
|
|
can only be changed with the
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
option; there is no
|
|
.Ar supfile
|
|
command to change it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
As an example, suppose that the
|
|
.Ar base
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar collDir
|
|
both have their default values, and that the collection and release are
|
|
.Ql src-all
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql cvs ,
|
|
respectively.
|
|
Assume further that checkout mode is being used with
|
|
.Ql tag=RELENG_3 .
|
|
The three possible refuse files would then be named:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /usr/local/etc/cvsup/sup/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /usr/local/etc/cvsup/sup/src-all/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /usr/local/etc/cvsup/sup/src-all/refuse.cvs:RELENG_3
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the
|
|
.Ar supfile
|
|
includes the command
|
|
.Ar base=/foo
|
|
the refuse files would be:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /foo/sup/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /foo/sup/src-all/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /foo/sup/src-all/refuse.cvs:RELENG_3
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
.Ar /bar
|
|
is used (even with
|
|
.Ar base=/foo
|
|
in the
|
|
.Ar supfile ) :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/sup/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/sup/src-all/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/sup/src-all/refuse.cvs:RELENG_3
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
and with
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
.Ar stool
|
|
as well:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/stool/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/stool/src-all/refuse
|
|
.It
|
|
.Pa /bar/stool/src-all/refuse.cvs:RELENG_3
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh AUTHENTICATION
|
|
.Nm
|
|
implements an optional authentication mechanism which can be used by the
|
|
client and server to verify each other's identities.
|
|
Public CVSup servers normally do not enable authentication.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
users may ignore this section unless they have been informed
|
|
that authentication is required by the administrator of their server.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The authentication subsystem uses a
|
|
challenge-response protocol which is immune to packet sniffing and
|
|
replay attacks. No passwords are sent over the network in either
|
|
direction. Both the client and the server can independently verify
|
|
the identities of each other.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The file
|
|
.Li $ Ns Ev HOME Ns Pa /.csup/auth
|
|
holds the information used for authentication. This file contains a
|
|
record for each server that the client is allowed to access. Each
|
|
record occupies one line in the file. Lines beginning with
|
|
.Ql #
|
|
are ignored, as are lines containing only white space. White space is
|
|
significant everywhere else in the file. Fields are separated by
|
|
.Ql \&:
|
|
characters.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each record of the file has the following form:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Xo Ar serverName No : Ar clientName No :
|
|
.Ar password No : Ar comment
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
All fields must be present even if some of them are empty.
|
|
.Ar ServerName
|
|
is the name of the server to which the record applies. By convention,
|
|
it is the canonical fully-qualified domain name of the server, e.g.,
|
|
.Ql CVSup177.FreeBSD.ORG .
|
|
This must agree with the server's own idea of its name. The name is
|
|
case-insensitive.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar ClientName
|
|
is the name the client uses to gain access to the server. By
|
|
convention, e-mail addresses are used for all client names, e.g.,
|
|
.Ql BillyJoe@FreeBSD.org .
|
|
Client names are case-insensitive.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar Password
|
|
is a secret string of characters that the client uses to prove its
|
|
identity. It may not contain any
|
|
.Ql \&:
|
|
or newline characters.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar Comment
|
|
may contain any additional information to identify the record. It
|
|
is not interpreted by the program.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To set up authentication for a given server, one must perform the
|
|
following steps:
|
|
.Bl -enum
|
|
.It
|
|
Obtain the official
|
|
.Ar serverName
|
|
from the administrator of the server or from some other source.
|
|
.It
|
|
Choose an appropriate
|
|
.Ar clientName .
|
|
It should be in the form of a valid e-mail address, to make it easy
|
|
for the server administrator to contact the user if necessary.
|
|
.It
|
|
Choose an arbitrary secret
|
|
.Ar password .
|
|
.It
|
|
Run the
|
|
.Nm cpasswd
|
|
utility, and type in the
|
|
.Ar password
|
|
when prompted for it. The utility will print out a line to send
|
|
to the server administrator, and instruct you how to modify your
|
|
.Li $ Ns Ev HOME Ns Pa /.csup/auth
|
|
file. You should use a secure channel to send the line to the
|
|
server administrator.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Since
|
|
.Li $ Ns Ev HOME Ns Pa /.csup/auth
|
|
contains passwords, you should ensure that it is not readable by
|
|
anyone except yourself.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Authentication works independently in both directions. The server
|
|
administrator controls whether you must prove your identity.
|
|
You control whether to check the server's identity, by means of the
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
command line option.
|
|
.Sh csup AND FIREWALLS
|
|
In its default mode,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will work through any firewall which permits outbound connections to
|
|
port 5999 of the server host.
|
|
.Sh USING csup WITH SOCKS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
can be used through a SOCKS proxy server with the standard
|
|
.Nm runsocks
|
|
command.
|
|
Your
|
|
.Nm
|
|
executable needs to be dynamically-linked with the system
|
|
libraries for
|
|
.Nm runsocks
|
|
to work properly.
|
|
.Sh USING ssh PORT FORWARDING
|
|
As an alternative to SOCKS, a user behind a firewall can penetrate it
|
|
with the TCP port forwarding provided by the Secure Shell package
|
|
.Nm ssh .
|
|
The user must have a login account on the
|
|
.Nm CVSup
|
|
server host in order to do this.
|
|
The procedure is as follows:
|
|
.Bl -enum
|
|
.It
|
|
Establish a connection to the server host with
|
|
.Nm ssh ,
|
|
like this:
|
|
.Bd -literal
|
|
ssh -f -x -L 5999:localhost:5999 serverhost sleep 60
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Replace
|
|
.Ar serverhost
|
|
with the hostname of the CVSup server, but type
|
|
.Ql localhost
|
|
literally.
|
|
This sets up the required port forwarding.
|
|
You must start
|
|
.Nm
|
|
before the 60-second
|
|
.Nm sleep
|
|
finishes.
|
|
Once the update has begun,
|
|
.Nm ssh
|
|
will keep the forwarded channels open as long as they are needed.
|
|
.It
|
|
Run
|
|
.Nm
|
|
on the local host, including the arguments
|
|
.Ql -h localhost
|
|
on the command line.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width base/sup/collection/checkouts*xx -compact
|
|
.It Pa /usr/local/etc/cvsup
|
|
Default
|
|
.Ar base
|
|
directory.
|
|
.It Pa sup
|
|
Default
|
|
.Ar collDir
|
|
subdirectory.
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.It Xo Ar base / Ar collDir / Ar collection
|
|
.Pa /checkouts*
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
List files.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr cpasswd 1 ,
|
|
.Xr cvs 1 ,
|
|
.Xr rcsintro 1 ,
|
|
.Xr ssh 1 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An -nosplit
|
|
.An Maxime Henrion Aq mux@FreeBSD.org
|
|
is the author of
|
|
.Nm ,
|
|
the rewrite of
|
|
.Nm CVSup
|
|
in C.
|
|
.An John Polstra Aq jdp@polstra.com
|
|
is the author of
|
|
.Nm CVSup .
|
|
.Sh LEGALITIES
|
|
CVSup is a registered trademark of John D. Polstra.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is released under a 2-clauses BSD license.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
An RCS file is not recognized as such unless its name ends with
|
|
.Ql \&,v .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Any directory named
|
|
.Ql Attic
|
|
is assumed to be a CVS Attic, and is treated specially.
|