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5f6f6b2933
and per-process summary file location. These make the program more flexible, and also make it possible to write sane regression tests.
263 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
263 lines
7.7 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd May 18, 2007
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.Dt SA 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sa
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.Nd print system accounting statistics
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu
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.Op Fl P Ar file
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.Op Fl U Ar file
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.Op Fl v Ar cutoff
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.Op Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility reports on, cleans up,
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and generally maintains system
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accounting files.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility is able to condense the information in
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.Pa /var/account/acct
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into the summary files
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.Pa /var/account/savacct
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and
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.Pa /var/account/usracct ,
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which contain system statistics according
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to command name and login id, respectively.
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This condensation is desirable because on a
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large system,
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.Pa /var/account/acct
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can grow by hundreds of blocks per day.
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The summary files are normally read before
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the accounting file, so that reports include
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all available information.
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.Pp
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If file names are supplied, they are read instead of
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.Pa /var/account/acct .
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After each file is read, if the summary
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files are being updated, an updated summary will
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be saved to disk.
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Only one report is printed,
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after the last file is processed.
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.Pp
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The labels used in the output indicate the following, except
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where otherwise specified by individual options:
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.Bl -tag -width k*sec
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.It Dv avio
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Average number of I/O operations per execution
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.It Dv cp
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Sum of user and system time, in minutes
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.It Dv cpu
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Same as
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.Dv cp
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.It Dv k
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CPU-time averaged core usage, in 1k units
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.It Dv k*sec
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CPU storage integral, in 1k-core seconds
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.It Dv re
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Real time, in minutes
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.It Dv s
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System time, in minutes
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.It Dv tio
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Total number of I/O operations
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.It Dv u
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User time, in minutes
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.El
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.Pp
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The options to
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.Nm
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are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl a
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List all command names, including those containing unprintable
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characters and those used only once.
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By default,
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.Nm
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places all names containing unprintable characters and
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those used only once under the name ``***other''.
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.It Fl b
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If printing command statistics, sort output by the sum of user and system
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time divided by number of calls.
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.It Fl c
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In addition to the number of calls and the user, system and real times
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for each command, print their percentage of the total over all commands.
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.It Fl d
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If printing command statistics, sort by the average number of disk
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I/O operations.
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If printing user statistics, print the average number of
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disk I/O operations per user.
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.It Fl D
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If printing command statistics, sort and print by the total number
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of disk I/O operations.
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.It Fl f
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Force no interactive threshold comparison with the
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.Fl v
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option.
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.It Fl i
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Do not read in the summary files.
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.It Fl j
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Instead of the total minutes per category, give seconds per call.
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.It Fl k
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If printing command statistics, sort by the cpu-time average memory
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usage.
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If printing user statistics, print the cpu-time average
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memory usage.
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.It Fl K
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If printing command statistics, print and sort by the cpu-storage integral.
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.It Fl l
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Separate system and user time; normally they are combined.
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.It Fl m
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Print per-user statistics rather than per-command statistics.
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.It Fl n
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Sort by number of calls.
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.It Fl P Ar file
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Use the specified
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.Ar file
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for accessing the per-command accounting summary database,
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instead of the default
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.Pa /var/account/savacct .
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.It Fl q
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Create no output other than error messages.
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.It Fl r
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Reverse order of sort.
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.It Fl s
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Truncate the accounting files when done and merge their data
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into the summary files.
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.It Fl t
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For each command, report the ratio of real time to the sum
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of user and system cpu times.
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If the cpu time is too small to report, ``*ignore*'' appears in
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this field.
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.It Fl U Ar file
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Use the specified
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.Ar file
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for accessing the per-user accounting summary database,
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instead of the default
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.Pa /var/account/usracct .
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.It Fl u
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Superseding all other flags, for each entry
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in the accounting file, print the user ID, total seconds of cpu usage,
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total memory usage, number of I/O operations performed, and
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command name.
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.It Fl v Ar cutoff
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For each command used
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.Ar cutoff
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times or fewer, print the command name and await a reply
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from the terminal.
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If the reply begins with ``y'', add
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the command to the category ``**junk**''.
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This flag is
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used to strip garbage from the report.
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.El
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.Pp
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By default, per-command statistics will be printed.
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The number of
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calls, the total elapsed time in minutes, total cpu and user time
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in minutes, average number of I/O operations, and CPU-time
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averaged core usage will be printed.
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If the
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.Fl m
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option is specified, per-user statistics will be printed, including
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the user name, the number of commands invoked, total cpu time used
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(in minutes), total number of I/O operations, and CPU storage integral
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for each user.
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If the
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.Fl u
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option is specified, the uid, user and system time (in seconds),
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CPU storage integral, I/O usage, and command name will be printed
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for each entry in the accounting data file.
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.Pp
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If the
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.Fl u
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flag is specified, all flags other than
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.Fl q
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are ignored.
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If the
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.Fl m
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flag is specified, only the
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.Fl b ,
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.Fl d ,
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.Fl i ,
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.Fl k ,
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.Fl q ,
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and
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.Fl s
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flags are honored.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /var/account/usracct -compact
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.It Pa /var/account/acct
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raw accounting data file
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.It Pa /var/account/savacct
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per-command accounting summary database
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.It Pa /var/account/usracct
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per-user accounting summary database
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
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.Xr acct 5 ,
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.Xr ac 8 ,
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.Xr accton 8
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.Sh CAVEATS
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While the behavior of the options in this version of
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.Nm
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was modeled after the original version, there are some intentional
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differences and undoubtedly some unintentional ones as well.
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In
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particular, the
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.Fl q
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option has been added, and the
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.Fl m
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option now understands more options than it used to.
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.Pp
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The formats of the summary files created by this version of
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.Nm
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are very different from the those used by the original version.
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This is not considered a problem, however, because the accounting record
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format has changed as well (since user ids are now 32 bits).
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Chris G. Demetriou Aq cgd@postgres.berkeley.edu
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.Sh BUGS
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The number of options to this program is absurd, especially considering
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that there is not much logic behind their lettering.
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.Pp
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The field labels should be more consistent.
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.Pp
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The VM system does not record the CPU storage integral.
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