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mirror of https://git.FreeBSD.org/src.git synced 2024-12-24 11:29:10 +00:00
freebsd/sys/netipsec/key_debug.c
John-Mark Gurney a2bc81bf7c Make IPsec work with AES-GCM and AES-ICM (aka CTR) in OCF... IPsec
defines the keys differently than NIST does, so we have to muck with
key lengths and nonce/IVs to be standard compliant...

Remove the iv from secasvar as it was unused...

Add a counter protected by a mutex to ensure that the counter for GCM
and ICM will never be repeated..  This is a requirement for security..
I would use atomics, but we don't have a 64bit one on all platforms..

Fix a bug where IPsec was depending upon the OCF to ensure that the
blocksize was always at least 4 bytes to maintain alignment... Move
this logic into IPsec so changes to OCF won't break IPsec...

In one place, espx was always non-NULL, so don't test that it's
non-NULL before doing work..

minor style cleanups...

drop setting key and klen as they were not used...

Enforce that OCF won't pass invalid key lengths to AES that would
panic the machine...

This was has been tested by others too...  I tested this against
NetBSD 6.1.5 using mini-test suite in
https://github.com/jmgurney/ipseccfgs and the only things that don't
pass are keyed md5 and sha1, and 3des-deriv (setkey syntax error),
all other modes listed in setkey's man page...  The nice thing is
that NetBSD uses setkey, so same config files were used on both...

Reviewed by:	gnn
2015-08-04 17:47:11 +00:00

742 lines
18 KiB
C

/* $FreeBSD$ */
/* $KAME: key_debug.c,v 1.26 2001/06/27 10:46:50 sakane Exp $ */
/*-
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifdef _KERNEL
#include "opt_inet.h"
#include "opt_inet6.h"
#include "opt_ipsec.h"
#endif
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#ifdef _KERNEL
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#endif
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/vnet.h>
#include <netipsec/key_var.h>
#include <netipsec/key_debug.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
#ifdef _KERNEL
#include <netipsec/keydb.h>
#endif
#ifndef _KERNEL
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif /* !_KERNEL */
static void kdebug_sadb_prop(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_identity(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_supported(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_lifetime(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_sa(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_address(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_key(struct sadb_ext *);
static void kdebug_sadb_x_sa2(struct sadb_ext *);
#ifdef _KERNEL
static void kdebug_secreplay(struct secreplay *);
#endif
#ifndef _KERNEL
#define panic(fmt, ...) { printf(fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); exit(-1); }
#endif
/* NOTE: host byte order */
/* %%%: about struct sadb_msg */
void
kdebug_sadb(struct sadb_msg *base)
{
struct sadb_ext *ext;
int tlen, extlen;
/* sanity check */
if (base == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_msg{ version=%u type=%u errno=%u satype=%u\n",
base->sadb_msg_version, base->sadb_msg_type,
base->sadb_msg_errno, base->sadb_msg_satype);
printf(" len=%u reserved=%u seq=%u pid=%u\n",
base->sadb_msg_len, base->sadb_msg_reserved,
base->sadb_msg_seq, base->sadb_msg_pid);
tlen = PFKEY_UNUNIT64(base->sadb_msg_len) - sizeof(struct sadb_msg);
ext = (struct sadb_ext *)((caddr_t)base + sizeof(struct sadb_msg));
while (tlen > 0) {
printf("sadb_ext{ len=%u type=%u }\n",
ext->sadb_ext_len, ext->sadb_ext_type);
if (ext->sadb_ext_len == 0) {
printf("%s: invalid ext_len=0 was passed.\n", __func__);
return;
}
if (ext->sadb_ext_len > tlen) {
printf("%s: ext_len too big (%u > %u).\n",
__func__, ext->sadb_ext_len, tlen);
return;
}
switch (ext->sadb_ext_type) {
case SADB_EXT_SA:
kdebug_sadb_sa(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_CURRENT:
case SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_HARD:
case SADB_EXT_LIFETIME_SOFT:
kdebug_sadb_lifetime(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_SRC:
case SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_DST:
case SADB_EXT_ADDRESS_PROXY:
kdebug_sadb_address(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_KEY_AUTH:
case SADB_EXT_KEY_ENCRYPT:
kdebug_sadb_key(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC:
case SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_DST:
kdebug_sadb_identity(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_SENSITIVITY:
break;
case SADB_EXT_PROPOSAL:
kdebug_sadb_prop(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_AUTH:
case SADB_EXT_SUPPORTED_ENCRYPT:
kdebug_sadb_supported(ext);
break;
case SADB_EXT_SPIRANGE:
case SADB_X_EXT_KMPRIVATE:
break;
case SADB_X_EXT_POLICY:
kdebug_sadb_x_policy(ext);
break;
case SADB_X_EXT_SA2:
kdebug_sadb_x_sa2(ext);
break;
default:
printf("%s: invalid ext_type %u\n", __func__,
ext->sadb_ext_type);
return;
}
extlen = PFKEY_UNUNIT64(ext->sadb_ext_len);
tlen -= extlen;
ext = (struct sadb_ext *)((caddr_t)ext + extlen);
}
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_prop(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_prop *prop = (struct sadb_prop *)ext;
struct sadb_comb *comb;
int len;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
len = (PFKEY_UNUNIT64(prop->sadb_prop_len) - sizeof(*prop))
/ sizeof(*comb);
comb = (struct sadb_comb *)(prop + 1);
printf("sadb_prop{ replay=%u\n", prop->sadb_prop_replay);
while (len--) {
printf("sadb_comb{ auth=%u encrypt=%u "
"flags=0x%04x reserved=0x%08x\n",
comb->sadb_comb_auth, comb->sadb_comb_encrypt,
comb->sadb_comb_flags, comb->sadb_comb_reserved);
printf(" auth_minbits=%u auth_maxbits=%u "
"encrypt_minbits=%u encrypt_maxbits=%u\n",
comb->sadb_comb_auth_minbits,
comb->sadb_comb_auth_maxbits,
comb->sadb_comb_encrypt_minbits,
comb->sadb_comb_encrypt_maxbits);
printf(" soft_alloc=%u hard_alloc=%u "
"soft_bytes=%lu hard_bytes=%lu\n",
comb->sadb_comb_soft_allocations,
comb->sadb_comb_hard_allocations,
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_soft_bytes,
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_hard_bytes);
printf(" soft_alloc=%lu hard_alloc=%lu "
"soft_bytes=%lu hard_bytes=%lu }\n",
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_soft_addtime,
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_hard_addtime,
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_soft_usetime,
(unsigned long)comb->sadb_comb_hard_usetime);
comb++;
}
printf("}\n");
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_identity(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_ident *id = (struct sadb_ident *)ext;
int len;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
len = PFKEY_UNUNIT64(id->sadb_ident_len) - sizeof(*id);
printf("sadb_ident_%s{",
id->sadb_ident_exttype == SADB_EXT_IDENTITY_SRC ? "src" : "dst");
switch (id->sadb_ident_type) {
default:
printf(" type=%d id=%lu",
id->sadb_ident_type, (u_long)id->sadb_ident_id);
if (len) {
#ifdef _KERNEL
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)(id + 1), len); /*XXX cast ?*/
#else
char *p, *ep;
printf("\n str=\"");
p = (char *)(id + 1);
ep = p + len;
for (/*nothing*/; *p && p < ep; p++) {
if (isprint(*p))
printf("%c", *p & 0xff);
else
printf("\\%03o", *p & 0xff);
}
#endif
printf("\"");
}
break;
}
printf(" }\n");
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_supported(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_supported *sup = (struct sadb_supported *)ext;
struct sadb_alg *alg;
int len;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
len = (PFKEY_UNUNIT64(sup->sadb_supported_len) - sizeof(*sup))
/ sizeof(*alg);
alg = (struct sadb_alg *)(sup + 1);
printf("sadb_sup{\n");
while (len--) {
printf(" { id=%d ivlen=%d min=%d max=%d }\n",
alg->sadb_alg_id, alg->sadb_alg_ivlen,
alg->sadb_alg_minbits, alg->sadb_alg_maxbits);
alg++;
}
printf("}\n");
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_lifetime(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_lifetime *lft = (struct sadb_lifetime *)ext;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_lifetime{ alloc=%u, bytes=%u\n",
lft->sadb_lifetime_allocations,
(u_int32_t)lft->sadb_lifetime_bytes);
printf(" addtime=%u, usetime=%u }\n",
(u_int32_t)lft->sadb_lifetime_addtime,
(u_int32_t)lft->sadb_lifetime_usetime);
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_sa(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_sa *sa = (struct sadb_sa *)ext;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_sa{ spi=%u replay=%u state=%u\n",
(u_int32_t)ntohl(sa->sadb_sa_spi), sa->sadb_sa_replay,
sa->sadb_sa_state);
printf(" auth=%u encrypt=%u flags=0x%08x }\n",
sa->sadb_sa_auth, sa->sadb_sa_encrypt, sa->sadb_sa_flags);
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_address(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_address *addr = (struct sadb_address *)ext;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_address{ proto=%u prefixlen=%u reserved=0x%02x%02x }\n",
addr->sadb_address_proto, addr->sadb_address_prefixlen,
((u_char *)&addr->sadb_address_reserved)[0],
((u_char *)&addr->sadb_address_reserved)[1]);
kdebug_sockaddr((struct sockaddr *)((caddr_t)ext + sizeof(*addr)));
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_key(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_key *key = (struct sadb_key *)ext;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_key{ bits=%u reserved=%u\n",
key->sadb_key_bits, key->sadb_key_reserved);
printf(" key=");
/* sanity check 2 */
if ((key->sadb_key_bits >> 3) >
(PFKEY_UNUNIT64(key->sadb_key_len) - sizeof(struct sadb_key))) {
printf("%s: key length mismatch, bit:%d len:%ld.\n",
__func__,
key->sadb_key_bits >> 3,
(long)PFKEY_UNUNIT64(key->sadb_key_len) - sizeof(struct sadb_key));
}
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)key + sizeof(struct sadb_key),
key->sadb_key_bits >> 3);
printf(" }\n");
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sadb_x_sa2(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_x_sa2 *sa2 = (struct sadb_x_sa2 *)ext;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_x_sa2{ mode=%u reqid=%u\n",
sa2->sadb_x_sa2_mode, sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reqid);
printf(" reserved1=%u reserved2=%u sequence=%u }\n",
sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reserved1, sa2->sadb_x_sa2_reserved2,
sa2->sadb_x_sa2_sequence);
return;
}
void
kdebug_sadb_x_policy(struct sadb_ext *ext)
{
struct sadb_x_policy *xpl = (struct sadb_x_policy *)ext;
struct sockaddr *addr;
/* sanity check */
if (ext == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sadb_x_policy{ type=%u dir=%u id=%x }\n",
xpl->sadb_x_policy_type, xpl->sadb_x_policy_dir,
xpl->sadb_x_policy_id);
if (xpl->sadb_x_policy_type == IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) {
int tlen;
struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest *xisr;
tlen = PFKEY_UNUNIT64(xpl->sadb_x_policy_len) - sizeof(*xpl);
xisr = (struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest *)(xpl + 1);
while (tlen > 0) {
printf(" { len=%u proto=%u mode=%u level=%u reqid=%u\n",
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len,
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_proto,
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_mode,
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_level,
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_reqid);
if (xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len > sizeof(*xisr)) {
addr = (struct sockaddr *)(xisr + 1);
kdebug_sockaddr(addr);
addr = (struct sockaddr *)((caddr_t)addr
+ addr->sa_len);
kdebug_sockaddr(addr);
}
printf(" }\n");
/* prevent infinite loop */
if (xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len <= 0) {
printf("%s: wrong policy struct.\n", __func__);
return;
}
/* prevent overflow */
if (xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len > tlen) {
printf("%s: invalid ipsec policy length "
"(%u > %u)\n", __func__,
xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len, tlen);
return;
}
tlen -= xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len;
xisr = (struct sadb_x_ipsecrequest *)((caddr_t)xisr
+ xisr->sadb_x_ipsecrequest_len);
}
if (tlen != 0)
panic("%s: wrong policy struct.\n", __func__);
}
return;
}
#ifdef _KERNEL
/* %%%: about SPD and SAD */
void
kdebug_secpolicy(struct secpolicy *sp)
{
/* sanity check */
if (sp == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("secpolicy{ refcnt=%u policy=%u\n",
sp->refcnt, sp->policy);
kdebug_secpolicyindex(&sp->spidx);
switch (sp->policy) {
case IPSEC_POLICY_DISCARD:
printf(" type=discard }\n");
break;
case IPSEC_POLICY_NONE:
printf(" type=none }\n");
break;
case IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC:
{
struct ipsecrequest *isr;
for (isr = sp->req; isr != NULL; isr = isr->next) {
printf(" level=%u\n", isr->level);
kdebug_secasindex(&isr->saidx);
if (isr->sav != NULL)
kdebug_secasv(isr->sav);
}
printf(" }\n");
}
break;
case IPSEC_POLICY_BYPASS:
printf(" type=bypass }\n");
break;
case IPSEC_POLICY_ENTRUST:
printf(" type=entrust }\n");
break;
default:
printf("%s: Invalid policy found. %d\n", __func__, sp->policy);
break;
}
return;
}
void
kdebug_secpolicyindex(struct secpolicyindex *spidx)
{
/* sanity check */
if (spidx == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("secpolicyindex{ dir=%u prefs=%u prefd=%u ul_proto=%u\n",
spidx->dir, spidx->prefs, spidx->prefd, spidx->ul_proto);
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&spidx->src,
((struct sockaddr *)&spidx->src)->sa_len);
printf("\n");
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&spidx->dst,
((struct sockaddr *)&spidx->dst)->sa_len);
printf("}\n");
return;
}
void
kdebug_secasindex(struct secasindex *saidx)
{
/* sanity check */
if (saidx == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("secasindex{ mode=%u proto=%u\n",
saidx->mode, saidx->proto);
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&saidx->src,
((struct sockaddr *)&saidx->src)->sa_len);
printf("\n");
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&saidx->dst,
((struct sockaddr *)&saidx->dst)->sa_len);
printf("\n");
return;
}
static void
kdebug_sec_lifetime(struct seclifetime *lft)
{
/* sanity check */
if (lft == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("sec_lifetime{ alloc=%u, bytes=%u\n",
lft->allocations, (u_int32_t)lft->bytes);
printf(" addtime=%u, usetime=%u }\n",
(u_int32_t)lft->addtime, (u_int32_t)lft->usetime);
return;
}
void
kdebug_secasv(struct secasvar *sav)
{
/* sanity check */
if (sav == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf("secas{");
kdebug_secasindex(&sav->sah->saidx);
printf(" refcnt=%u state=%u auth=%u enc=%u\n",
sav->refcnt, sav->state, sav->alg_auth, sav->alg_enc);
printf(" spi=%u flags=%u\n",
(u_int32_t)ntohl(sav->spi), sav->flags);
if (sav->key_auth != NULL)
kdebug_sadb_key((struct sadb_ext *)sav->key_auth);
if (sav->key_enc != NULL)
kdebug_sadb_key((struct sadb_ext *)sav->key_enc);
if (sav->replay != NULL)
kdebug_secreplay(sav->replay);
if (sav->lft_c != NULL)
kdebug_sec_lifetime(sav->lft_c);
if (sav->lft_h != NULL)
kdebug_sec_lifetime(sav->lft_h);
if (sav->lft_s != NULL)
kdebug_sec_lifetime(sav->lft_s);
#ifdef notyet
/* XXX: misc[123] ? */
#endif
return;
}
static void
kdebug_secreplay(struct secreplay *rpl)
{
int len, l;
/* sanity check */
if (rpl == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
printf(" secreplay{ count=%u wsize=%u seq=%u lastseq=%u",
rpl->count, rpl->wsize, rpl->seq, rpl->lastseq);
if (rpl->bitmap == NULL) {
printf(" }\n");
return;
}
printf("\n bitmap { ");
for (len = 0; len < rpl->wsize; len++) {
for (l = 7; l >= 0; l--)
printf("%u", (((rpl->bitmap)[len] >> l) & 1) ? 1 : 0);
}
printf(" }\n");
return;
}
void
kdebug_mbufhdr(struct mbuf *m)
{
/* sanity check */
if (m == NULL)
return;
printf("mbuf(%p){ m_next:%p m_nextpkt:%p m_data:%p "
"m_len:%d m_type:0x%02x m_flags:0x%02x }\n",
m, m->m_next, m->m_nextpkt, m->m_data,
m->m_len, m->m_type, m->m_flags);
if (m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) {
printf(" m_pkthdr{ len:%d rcvif:%p }\n",
m->m_pkthdr.len, m->m_pkthdr.rcvif);
}
if (m->m_flags & M_EXT) {
printf(" m_ext{ ext_buf:%p ext_free:%p "
"ext_size:%u ext_cnt:%p }\n",
m->m_ext.ext_buf, m->m_ext.ext_free,
m->m_ext.ext_size, m->m_ext.ext_cnt);
}
return;
}
void
kdebug_mbuf(struct mbuf *m0)
{
struct mbuf *m = m0;
int i, j;
for (j = 0; m; m = m->m_next) {
kdebug_mbufhdr(m);
printf(" m_data:\n");
for (i = 0; i < m->m_len; i++) {
if (i && i % 32 == 0)
printf("\n");
if (i % 4 == 0)
printf(" ");
printf("%02x", mtod(m, u_char *)[i]);
j++;
}
printf("\n");
}
return;
}
#endif /* _KERNEL */
void
kdebug_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *addr)
{
struct sockaddr_in *sin4;
#ifdef INET6
struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6;
#endif
/* sanity check */
if (addr == NULL)
panic("%s: NULL pointer was passed.\n", __func__);
/* NOTE: We deal with port number as host byte order. */
printf("sockaddr{ len=%u family=%u", addr->sa_len, addr->sa_family);
switch (addr->sa_family) {
case AF_INET:
sin4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)addr;
printf(" port=%u\n", ntohs(sin4->sin_port));
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&sin4->sin_addr, sizeof(sin4->sin_addr));
break;
#ifdef INET6
case AF_INET6:
sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)addr;
printf(" port=%u\n", ntohs(sin6->sin6_port));
printf(" flowinfo=0x%08x, scope_id=0x%08x\n",
sin6->sin6_flowinfo, sin6->sin6_scope_id);
ipsec_hexdump((caddr_t)&sin6->sin6_addr,
sizeof(sin6->sin6_addr));
break;
#endif
}
printf(" }\n");
return;
}
void
ipsec_bindump(caddr_t buf, int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
printf("%c", (unsigned char)buf[i]);
return;
}
void
ipsec_hexdump(caddr_t buf, int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (i != 0 && i % 32 == 0) printf("\n");
if (i % 4 == 0) printf(" ");
printf("%02x", (unsigned char)buf[i]);
}
#if 0
if (i % 32 != 0) printf("\n");
#endif
return;
}