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255 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
255 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
.\" omapi.3
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2000-2001 Internet Software Consortium.
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\"
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of The Internet Software Consortium nor the names
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.\" of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM AND
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.\" CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
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.\" INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
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.\" DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM OR
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.\" CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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.\" SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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.\" LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
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.\" USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
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.\" ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
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.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
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.\" OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" This software has been written for the Internet Software Consortium
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.\" by Ted Lemon in cooperation with Vixie Enterprises and Nominum, Inc.
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.\" To learn more about the Internet Software Consortium, see
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.\" ``http://www.isc.org/''. To learn more about Vixie Enterprises,
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.\" see ``http://www.vix.com''. To learn more about Nominum, Inc., see
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.\" ``http://www.nominum.com''.
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.TH omapi 3
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.SH NAME
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OMAPI - Object Management Application Programming Interface
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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OMAPI is an programming layer designed for controlling remote
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applications, and for querying them for their state. It is currently
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used by the ISC DHCP server and this outline addresses the parts of
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OMAPI appropriate to the clients of DHCP server. It does this by also
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describing the use of a thin API layered on top of OMAPI called
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'dhcpctl'
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.PP
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OMAPI uses TCP/IP as the transport for server communication, and
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security can be imposed by having the client and server
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cryptographically sign messages using a shared secret.
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.PP
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dhcpctl works by presenting the client with handles to objects that
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act as surrogates for the real objects in the server. For example a
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client will create a handle for a lease object, and will request the
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server to fill the lease handle's state. The client application can
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then pull details such as the lease expiration time from the lease
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handle.
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.PP
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Modifications can be made to the server state by creating handles to
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new objects, or by modifying attributes of handles to existing
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objects, and then instructing the server to update itself according to
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the changes made.
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.SH USAGE
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.PP
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The client application must always call dhcpctl_initialize() before
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making calls to any other dhcpctl functions. This initializes
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various internal data structures.
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.PP
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To create the connection to the server the client must use
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dhcpctl_connect() function. As well as making the physical connection
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it will also set up the connection data structures to do
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authentication on each message, if that is required.
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.PP
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All the dhcpctl functions return an integer value of type
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isc_result_t. A successful call will yield a result of
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ISC_R_SUCCESS. If the call fails for a reason local to the client
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(e.g. insufficient local memory, or invalid arguments to the call)
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then the return value of the dhcpctl function will show that. If the
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call succeeds but the server couldn't process the request the error
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value from the server is returned through another way, shown below.
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.PP
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The easiest way to understand dhcpctl is to see it in action. The
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following program is fully functional, but almost all error checking
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has been removed to make is shorter and easier to understand. This
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program will query the server running on the localhost for the details
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of the lease for IP address 10.0.0.101. It will then print out the time
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the lease ends.
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.PP
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.nf
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#include <stdarg.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <sys/socket.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <netinet/in.h>
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#include <isc/result.h>
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#include <dhcpctl/dhcpctl.h>
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int main (int argc, char **argv) {
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dhcpctl_data_string ipaddrstring = NULL;
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dhcpctl_data_string value = NULL;
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.fi
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.PP
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All modifications of handles and all accesses of handle data happen
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via dhcpctl_data_string objects.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_handle connection = NULL;
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dhcpctl_handle lease = NULL;
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isc_result_t waitstatus;
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struct in_addr convaddr;
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time_t thetime;
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dhcpctl_initialize ();
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.fi
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.PP
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Required first step.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_connect (&connection, "127.0.0.1",
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7911, 0);
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.fi
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.PP
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Sets up the connection to the server. The server normally listens on
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port 7911 unless configured to do otherwise.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_new_object (&lease, connection,
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"lease");
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.fi
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.PP
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Here we create a handle to a lease. This call just sets up local data
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structure. The server hasn't yet made any association between the
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client's data structure and any lease it has.
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.PP
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.nf
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memset (&ipaddrstring, 0, sizeof
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ipaddrstring);
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inet_pton(AF_INET, "10.0.0.101",
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&convaddr);
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omapi_data_string_new (&ipaddrstring,
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4, MDL);
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.fi
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.PP
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Create a new data string to storing in the handle.
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.PP
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.nf
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memcpy(ipaddrstring->value, &convaddr.s_addr, 4);
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dhcpctl_set_value (lease, ipaddrstring,
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"ip-address");
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.fi
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.PP
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We're setting the ip-address attribute of the lease handle to the
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given address. We've not set any other attributes so when the server
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makes the association the ip address will be all it uses to look up
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the lease in its tables.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_open_object (lease, connection, 0);
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.fi
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.PP
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Here we prime the connection with the request to look up the lease in
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the server and fill up the local handle with the attributes the server
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will send over in its answer.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_wait_for_completion (lease,
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&waitstatus);
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.fi
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.PP
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This call causes the message to get sent to the server (the message to
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look up the lease and send back the attribute values in the
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answer). The value in the variable waitstatus when the function
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returns will be the result from the server. If the message could
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not be processed properly by the server then the error will be
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reflected here.
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.PP
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.nf
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if (waitstatus != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
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/* server not authoritative */
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exit (0);
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}
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dhcpctl_data_string_dereference(&ipaddrstring,
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MDL);
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.fi
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.PP
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Clean-up memory we no longer need.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_get_value (&value, lease, "ends");
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.fi
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.PP
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Get the attribute named ``ends'' from the lease handle. This is a
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4-byte integer of the time (in unix epoch seconds) that the lease
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will expire.
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.PP
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.nf
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memcpy(&thetime, value->value, value->len);
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dhcpctl_data_string_dereference(&value, MDL);
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fprintf (stdout, "ending time is %s",
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ctime(&thetime));
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}
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.fi
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.SH AUTHENTICATION
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If the server demands authenticated connections then before opening
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the connection the user must call dhcpctl_new_authenticator.
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.PP
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.nf
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dhcpctl_handle authenticator = NULL;
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const char *keyname = "a-key-name";
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const char *algorithm = "hmac-md5";
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const char *secret = "a-shared-secret";
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dhcpctl_new_authenticator (&authenticator,
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keyname,
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algorithm,
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secret,
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strlen(secret) + 1);
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.fi
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.PP
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The keyname, algorithm and secret must all match what is specified in
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the server's dhcpd.conf file:
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.PP
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.nf
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key "a-key-name" {
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algorithm hmac-md5;
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secret "a-shared-secret";
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};
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# Set the omapi-key value to use
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# authenticated connections
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omapi-key "a-key-name";
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.fi
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.PP
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The authenticator handle that is created by the call to
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dhcpctl_new_authenticator must be given as the last (the 4th) argument
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to the call to dhcpctl_connect(). All messages will then be signed
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with the given secret string using the specified algorithm.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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dhcpctl(3), omapi(3), dhcpd(8), dhclient(8), dhcpd.conf(5), dhclient.conf(5).
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.SH AUTHOR
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.B omapi
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was created by Ted Lemon of Nominum, Inc. Information about Nominum
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and support contracts for DHCP and BIND can be found at
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.B http://www.nominum.com. This documentation was written by James
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Brister of Nominum, Inc.
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