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freebsd/usr.sbin/traceroute6/traceroute6.c
David Malone e961704aa6 Sync up with KAME. The main change is to try to avoid exposing 
exposing information about the endianness and alighment requirements
in the packets sent by traceroute6.

Obtained from:	KAME
2004-06-13 18:38:46 +00:00

1370 lines
38 KiB
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/* $KAME: traceroute6.c,v 1.68 2004/01/25 11:16:12 suz Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* Van Jacobson.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
static char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)traceroute.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
#endif
static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD$";
#endif /* not lint */
/*
* traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host".
*
* Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some
* internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe
* packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an
* icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes
* with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port
* unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which
* defaults to 30 hops & can be changed with the -m flag). Three
* probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a
* line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and
* round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from
* different gateways, the address of each responding system will
* be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout
* interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that
* probe.
*
* Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination
* host to process them so the destination port is set to an
* unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that
* value, it can be changed with the -p flag).
*
* A sample use might be:
*
* [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net.
* traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 30 hops max, 56 byte packet
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms
* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms
* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms
* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms
* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms
* 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms
*
* Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy
* kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards
* packets with a zero ttl.
*
* A more interesting example is:
*
* [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu.
* traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 30 hops max
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms
* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms
* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms
* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms
* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms
* 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms
* 12 * * *
* 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms
* 14 * * *
* 15 * * *
* 16 * * *
* 17 * * *
* 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms
*
* (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to
* MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away
* either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them
* with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the
* MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God
* only knows what's going on with 12.
*
* The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in
* the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3)
* sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the
* original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is
* zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back
* to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting
* when it appears on the destination system:
*
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms
* 7 * * *
* 8 * * *
* 9 * * *
* 10 * * *
* 11 * * *
* 12 * * *
* 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms !
*
* Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final
* destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing".
* What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5)
* is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its
* icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path
* (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for
* icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path
* length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that
* returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists.
* Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1.
* Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or
* non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem
* frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your
* probes.
*
* Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host,
* network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source
* route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should
* ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one). If
* almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute
* will give up and exit.
*
* Notes
* -----
* This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that
* you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot
* of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.)
*
* This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any
* system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto
* IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as
* opposed to data to be wrapped in an ip datagram). See the README
* file that came with the source to this program for a description
* of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may
* vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE
* MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM.
*
* The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre).
* The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of
* data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp
* header so, if we want to associate replies with the original
* datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the
* udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to
* interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway,
* it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this
* code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to
* use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the
* source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out
* of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being
* replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a
* reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination
* port number before each probe.
*
* Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a
* routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours
* without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran.
*
* I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since
* the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right
* IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy
* Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with
* the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm
* glad they didn't keep the idea a secret.
*
* Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or
* enhancements to the original distribution.
*
* I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by
* sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination
* back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source
* routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day...
*
* -- Van Jacobson (van@helios.ee.lbl.gov)
* Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <err.h>
#ifdef HAVE_POLL
#include <poll.h>
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
#include <netinet/udp.h>
#ifdef IPSEC
#include <net/route.h>
#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
#endif
#define DUMMY_PORT 10010
#define MAXPACKET 65535 /* max ip packet size */
#ifndef HAVE_GETIPNODEBYNAME
#define getipnodebyname(x, y, z, u) gethostbyname2((x), (y))
#define freehostent(x)
#endif
/*
* format of a (udp) probe packet.
*/
struct tv32 {
u_int32_t tv32_sec;
u_int32_t tv32_usec;
};
struct opacket {
u_char seq; /* sequence number of this packet */
u_char hops; /* hop limit of the packet */
u_char pad[2];
struct tv32 tv; /* time packet left */
} __attribute__((__packed__));
u_char packet[512]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */
struct opacket *outpacket; /* last output (udp) packet */
int main __P((int, char *[]));
int wait_for_reply __P((int, struct msghdr *));
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
int setpolicy __P((int so, char *policy));
#endif
#endif
void send_probe __P((int, u_long));
struct udphdr *get_udphdr __P((struct ip6_hdr *, u_char *));
int get_hoplim __P((struct msghdr *));
double deltaT __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
char *pr_type __P((int));
int packet_ok __P((struct msghdr *, int, int));
void print __P((struct msghdr *, int));
const char *inetname __P((struct sockaddr *));
void usage __P((void));
int rcvsock; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */
int sndsock; /* send (udp) socket file descriptor */
struct msghdr rcvmhdr;
struct iovec rcviov[2];
int rcvhlim;
struct in6_pktinfo *rcvpktinfo;
struct sockaddr_in6 Src, Dst, Rcv;
u_long datalen; /* How much data */
#define ICMP6ECHOLEN 8
/* XXX: 2064 = 127(max hops in type 0 rthdr) * sizeof(ip6_hdr) + 16(margin) */
char rtbuf[2064];
#ifdef USE_RFC2292BIS
struct ip6_rthdr *rth;
#endif
struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
char *source = 0;
char *hostname;
u_long nprobes = 3;
u_long first_hop = 1;
u_long max_hops = 30;
u_int16_t srcport;
u_int16_t port = 32768+666; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */
u_int16_t ident;
int options; /* socket options */
int verbose;
int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */
int nflag; /* print addresses numerically */
int useicmp;
int lflag; /* print both numerical address & hostname */
int
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
int mib[4] = { CTL_NET, PF_INET6, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6CTL_DEFHLIM };
char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], src0[NI_MAXHOST], *ep;
int ch, i, on = 1, seq, rcvcmsglen, error, minlen;
struct addrinfo hints, *res;
static u_char *rcvcmsgbuf;
u_long probe, hops, lport;
struct hostent *hp;
size_t size;
/*
* Receive ICMP
*/
if ((rcvsock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMPV6)) < 0) {
perror("socket(ICMPv6)");
exit(5);
}
/* revoke privs */
seteuid(getuid());
setuid(getuid());
size = sizeof(i);
(void) sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib)/sizeof(mib[0]), &i, &size, NULL, 0);
max_hops = i;
/* specify to tell receiving interface */
#ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &on,
sizeof(on)) < 0)
err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO)");
#else /* old adv. API */
if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &on,
sizeof(on)) < 0)
err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)");
#endif
/* specify to tell value of hoplimit field of received IP6 hdr */
#ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, &on,
sizeof(on)) < 0)
err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)");
#else /* old adv. API */
if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT, &on,
sizeof(on)) < 0)
err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_HOPLIMIT)");
#endif
seq = 0;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "df:g:Ilm:np:q:rs:w:v")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case 'd':
options |= SO_DEBUG;
break;
case 'f':
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
first_hop = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*optarg || *ep || first_hop > 255) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: invalid min hoplimit.\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'g':
hp = getipnodebyname(optarg, AF_INET6, 0, &h_errno);
if (hp == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: unknown host %s\n", optarg);
exit(1);
}
#ifdef USE_RFC2292BIS
if (rth == NULL) {
/*
* XXX: We can't detect the number of
* intermediate nodes yet.
*/
if ((rth = inet6_rth_init((void *)rtbuf,
sizeof(rtbuf), IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0,
0)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"inet6_rth_init failed.\n");
exit(1);
}
}
if (inet6_rth_add((void *)rth,
(struct in6_addr *)hp->h_addr)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"inet6_rth_add failed for %s\n",
optarg);
exit(1);
}
#else /* old advanced API */
if (cmsg == NULL)
cmsg = inet6_rthdr_init(rtbuf, IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0);
inet6_rthdr_add(cmsg, (struct in6_addr *)hp->h_addr,
IPV6_RTHDR_LOOSE);
#endif
freehostent(hp);
break;
case 'I':
useicmp++;
ident = htons(getpid() & 0xffff); /* same as ping6 */
break;
case 'l':
lflag++;
break;
case 'm':
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
max_hops = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*optarg || *ep || max_hops > 255) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: invalid max hoplimit.\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'n':
nflag++;
break;
case 'p':
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
lport = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: invalid port.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (lport == 0 || lport != (lport & 0xffff)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: port out of range.\n");
exit(1);
}
port = lport & 0xffff;
break;
case 'q':
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
nprobes = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: invalid nprobes.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (nprobes < 1) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: nprobes must be >0.\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'r':
options |= SO_DONTROUTE;
break;
case 's':
/*
* set the ip source address of the outbound
* probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host).
*/
source = optarg;
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'w':
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
waittime = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: invalid wait time.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (waittime <= 1) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: wait must be >1 sec.\n");
exit(1);
}
break;
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (max_hops < first_hop) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: max hoplimit must be larger than first hoplimit.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
usage();
#if 1
setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
#else
setlinebuf(stdout);
#endif
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = PF_INET6;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
error = getaddrinfo(*argv, NULL, &hints, &res);
if (error) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: %s\n", gai_strerror(error));
exit(1);
}
if (res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(Dst)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: size of sockaddr mismatch\n");
exit(1);
}
memcpy(&Dst, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
hostname = res->ai_canonname ? strdup(res->ai_canonname) : *argv;
if (!hostname) {
fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: not enough core\n");
exit(1);
}
if (res->ai_next) {
if (getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen, hbuf,
sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf));
fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: Warning: %s has multiple "
"addresses; using %s\n", hostname, hbuf);
}
if (*++argv) {
ep = NULL;
errno = 0;
datalen = strtoul(*argv, &ep, 0);
if (errno || !*argv || *ep) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: invalid packet length.\n");
exit(1);
}
}
if (useicmp)
minlen = ICMP6ECHOLEN + sizeof(struct tv32);
else
minlen = sizeof(struct opacket);
if (datalen < minlen)
datalen = minlen;
else if (datalen >= MAXPACKET) {
fprintf(stderr,
"traceroute6: packet size must be %d <= s < %ld.\n",
minlen, (long)MAXPACKET);
exit(1);
}
outpacket = (struct opacket *)malloc((unsigned)datalen);
if (!outpacket) {
perror("malloc");
exit(1);
}
(void) bzero((char *)outpacket, datalen);
/* initialize msghdr for receiving packets */
rcviov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)packet;
rcviov[0].iov_len = sizeof(packet);
rcvmhdr.msg_name = (caddr_t)&Rcv;
rcvmhdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(Rcv);
rcvmhdr.msg_iov = rcviov;
rcvmhdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
rcvcmsglen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo)) +
CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int));
if ((rcvcmsgbuf = malloc(rcvcmsglen)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: malloc failed\n");
exit(1);
}
rcvmhdr.msg_control = (caddr_t) rcvcmsgbuf;
rcvmhdr.msg_controllen = rcvcmsglen;
if (options & SO_DEBUG)
(void) setsockopt(rcvsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
(char *)&on, sizeof(on));
if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
(void) setsockopt(rcvsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE,
(char *)&on, sizeof(on));
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
/*
* do not raise error even if setsockopt fails, kernel may have ipsec
* turned off.
*/
if (setpolicy(rcvsock, "in bypass") < 0)
errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
if (setpolicy(rcvsock, "out bypass") < 0)
errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
#else
{
int level = IPSEC_LEVEL_NONE;
(void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
(void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
(void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#else
(void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#endif
#ifdef IP_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL
(void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#endif
}
#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
#endif /*IPSEC*/
/*
* Send UDP or ICMP
*/
if (useicmp) {
sndsock = rcvsock;
} else {
if ((sndsock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
perror("socket(SOCK_DGRAM)");
exit(5);
}
}
#ifdef SO_SNDBUF
i = datalen;
if (setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&i,
sizeof(i)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt(SO_SNDBUF)");
exit(6);
}
#endif /* SO_SNDBUF */
if (options & SO_DEBUG)
(void) setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
(char *)&on, sizeof(on));
if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
(void) setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE,
(char *)&on, sizeof(on));
#ifdef USE_RFC2292BIS
if (rth) {/* XXX: there is no library to finalize the header... */
rth->ip6r_len = rth->ip6r_segleft * 2;
if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR,
(void *)rth, (rth->ip6r_len + 1) << 3)) {
fprintf(stderr, "setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR): %s\n",
strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
}
#else /* old advanced API */
if (cmsg != NULL) {
inet6_rthdr_lasthop(cmsg, IPV6_RTHDR_LOOSE);
if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTOPTIONS,
rtbuf, cmsg->cmsg_len) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "setsockopt(IPV6_PKTOPTIONS): %s\n",
strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
}
#endif /* USE_RFC2292BIS */
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
/*
* do not raise error even if setsockopt fails, kernel may have ipsec
* turned off.
*/
if (setpolicy(sndsock, "in bypass") < 0)
errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
if (setpolicy(sndsock, "out bypass") < 0)
errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
#else
{
int level = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS;
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#else
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#endif
#ifdef IP_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL
(void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
sizeof(level));
#endif
}
#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
#endif /*IPSEC*/
/*
* Source selection
*/
bzero(&Src, sizeof(Src));
if (source) {
struct addrinfo hints, *res;
int error;
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM; /*dummy*/
hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
error = getaddrinfo(source, "0", &hints, &res);
if (error) {
printf("traceroute6: %s: %s\n", source,
gai_strerror(error));
exit(1);
}
if (res->ai_addrlen > sizeof(Src)) {
printf("traceroute6: %s: %s\n", source,
gai_strerror(error));
exit(1);
}
memcpy(&Src, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
freeaddrinfo(res);
} else {
struct sockaddr_in6 Nxt;
int dummy;
socklen_t len;
Nxt = Dst;
Nxt.sin6_port = htons(DUMMY_PORT);
if (cmsg != NULL)
bcopy(inet6_rthdr_getaddr(cmsg, 1), &Nxt.sin6_addr,
sizeof(Nxt.sin6_addr));
if ((dummy = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
if (connect(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&Nxt, Nxt.sin6_len) < 0) {
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
len = sizeof(Src);
if (getsockname(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, &len) < 0) {
perror("getsockname");
exit(1);
}
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&Src, Src.sin6_len,
src0, sizeof(src0), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) {
fprintf(stderr, "getnameinfo failed for source\n");
exit(1);
}
source = src0;
close(dummy);
}
Src.sin6_port = htons(0);
if (bind(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, Src.sin6_len) < 0) {
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
{
socklen_t len;
len = sizeof(Src);
if (getsockname(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, &len) < 0) {
perror("getsockname");
exit(1);
}
srcport = ntohs(Src.sin6_port);
}
/*
* Message to users
*/
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&Dst, Dst.sin6_len, hbuf,
sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST))
strlcpy(hbuf, "(invalid)", sizeof(hbuf));
fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6");
fprintf(stderr, " to %s (%s)", hostname, hbuf);
if (source)
fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source);
fprintf(stderr, ", %lu hops max, %lu byte packets\n",
max_hops, datalen);
(void) fflush(stderr);
if (first_hop > 1)
printf("Skipping %lu intermediate hops\n", first_hop - 1);
/*
* Main loop
*/
for (hops = first_hop; hops <= max_hops; ++hops) {
struct in6_addr lastaddr;
int got_there = 0;
int unreachable = 0;
printf("%2lu ", hops);
bzero(&lastaddr, sizeof(lastaddr));
for (probe = 0; probe < nprobes; ++probe) {
int cc;
struct timeval t1, t2;
(void) gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
send_probe(++seq, hops);
while ((cc = wait_for_reply(rcvsock, &rcvmhdr))) {
(void) gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
if ((i = packet_ok(&rcvmhdr, cc, seq))) {
if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&Rcv.sin6_addr,
&lastaddr)) {
print(&rcvmhdr, cc);
lastaddr = Rcv.sin6_addr;
}
printf(" %.3f ms", deltaT(&t1, &t2));
switch (i - 1) {
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
++unreachable;
printf(" !N");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
++unreachable;
printf(" !P");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOTNEIGHBOR:
++unreachable;
printf(" !S");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
++unreachable;
printf(" !A");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
if (rcvhlim >= 0 &&
rcvhlim <= 1)
printf(" !");
++got_there;
break;
}
break;
}
}
if (cc == 0)
printf(" *");
(void) fflush(stdout);
}
putchar('\n');
if (got_there ||
(unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= ((nprobes + 1) / 2))) {
exit(0);
}
}
exit(0);
}
int
wait_for_reply(sock, mhdr)
int sock;
struct msghdr *mhdr;
{
#ifdef HAVE_POLL
struct pollfd pfd[1];
int cc = 0;
pfd[0].fd = sock;
pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
pfd[0].revents = 0;
if (poll(pfd, 1, waittime * 1000) > 0)
cc = recvmsg(rcvsock, mhdr, 0);
return(cc);
#else
fd_set *fdsp;
struct timeval wait;
int cc = 0, fdsn;
fdsn = howmany(sock + 1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask);
if ((fdsp = (fd_set *)malloc(fdsn)) == NULL)
err(1, "malloc");
memset(fdsp, 0, fdsn);
FD_SET(sock, fdsp);
wait.tv_sec = waittime; wait.tv_usec = 0;
if (select(sock+1, fdsp, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &wait) > 0)
cc = recvmsg(rcvsock, mhdr, 0);
free(fdsp);
return(cc);
#endif
}
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
int
setpolicy(so, policy)
int so;
char *policy;
{
char *buf;
buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
if (buf == NULL) {
warnx("%s", ipsec_strerror());
return -1;
}
(void)setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY,
buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf));
free(buf);
return 0;
}
#endif
#endif
void
send_probe(seq, hops)
int seq;
u_long hops;
{
struct timeval tv;
struct tv32 tv32;
int i;
i = hops;
if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
(char *)&i, sizeof(i)) < 0) {
perror("setsockopt IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS");
}
Dst.sin6_port = htons(port + seq);
(void) gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(tv.tv_sec);
tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(tv.tv_usec);
if (useicmp) {
struct icmp6_hdr *icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)outpacket;
icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
icp->icmp6_code = 0;
icp->icmp6_cksum = 0;
icp->icmp6_id = ident;
icp->icmp6_seq = htons(seq);
bcopy(&tv32, ((u_int8_t *)outpacket + ICMP6ECHOLEN),
sizeof(tv32));
} else {
struct opacket *op = outpacket;
op->seq = seq;
op->hops = hops;
bcopy(&tv32, &op->tv, sizeof tv32);
}
i = sendto(sndsock, (char *)outpacket, datalen, 0,
(struct sockaddr *)&Dst, Dst.sin6_len);
if (i < 0 || i != datalen) {
if (i < 0)
perror("sendto");
printf("traceroute6: wrote %s %lu chars, ret=%d\n",
hostname, datalen, i);
(void) fflush(stdout);
}
}
int
get_hoplim(mhdr)
struct msghdr *mhdr;
{
struct cmsghdr *cm;
for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
return(*(int *)CMSG_DATA(cm));
}
return(-1);
}
double
deltaT(t1p, t2p)
struct timeval *t1p, *t2p;
{
double dt;
dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
(double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
return (dt);
}
/*
* Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string.
*/
char *
pr_type(t0)
int t0;
{
u_char t = t0 & 0xff;
char *cp;
switch (t) {
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
cp = "Destination Unreachable";
break;
case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
cp = "Packet Too Big";
break;
case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
cp = "Time Exceeded";
break;
case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
cp = "Parameter Problem";
break;
case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
cp = "Echo Request";
break;
case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
cp = "Echo Reply";
break;
case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
cp = "Group Membership Query";
break;
case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
cp = "Group Membership Report";
break;
case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REDUCTION:
cp = "Group Membership Reduction";
break;
case ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT:
cp = "Router Solicitation";
break;
case ND_ROUTER_ADVERT:
cp = "Router Advertisement";
break;
case ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT:
cp = "Neighbor Solicitation";
break;
case ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT:
cp = "Neighbor Advertisement";
break;
case ND_REDIRECT:
cp = "Redirect";
break;
default:
cp = "Unknown";
break;
}
return cp;
}
int
packet_ok(mhdr, cc, seq)
struct msghdr *mhdr;
int cc;
int seq;
{
struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
struct sockaddr_in6 *from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)mhdr->msg_name;
u_char type, code;
char *buf = (char *)mhdr->msg_iov[0].iov_base;
struct cmsghdr *cm;
int *hlimp;
char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
#ifdef OLDRAWSOCKET
int hlen;
struct ip6_hdr *ip;
#endif
#ifdef OLDRAWSOCKET
ip = (struct ip6_hdr *) buf;
hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
if (cc < hlen + sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
if (verbose) {
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
hbuf);
}
return (0);
}
cc -= hlen;
icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)(buf + hlen);
#else
if (cc < sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
if (verbose) {
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
printf("data too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, hbuf);
}
return(0);
}
icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)buf;
#endif
/* get optional information via advanced API */
rcvpktinfo = NULL;
hlimp = NULL;
for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PKTINFO &&
cm->cmsg_len ==
CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo)))
rcvpktinfo = (struct in6_pktinfo *)(CMSG_DATA(cm));
if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
hlimp = (int *)CMSG_DATA(cm);
}
if (rcvpktinfo == NULL || hlimp == NULL) {
warnx("failed to get received hop limit or packet info");
#if 0
return(0);
#else
rcvhlim = 0; /*XXX*/
#endif
}
else
rcvhlim = *hlimp;
type = icp->icmp6_type;
code = icp->icmp6_code;
if ((type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED && code == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT)
|| type == ICMP6_DST_UNREACH) {
struct ip6_hdr *hip;
struct udphdr *up;
hip = (struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1);
if ((up = get_udphdr(hip, (u_char *)(buf + cc))) == NULL) {
if (verbose)
warnx("failed to get upper layer header");
return(0);
}
if (useicmp &&
((struct icmp6_hdr *)up)->icmp6_id == ident &&
((struct icmp6_hdr *)up)->icmp6_seq == htons(seq))
return (type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED ? -1 : code + 1);
else if (!useicmp &&
up->uh_sport == htons(srcport) &&
up->uh_dport == htons(port + seq))
return (type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED ? -1 : code + 1);
} else if (useicmp && type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY) {
if (icp->icmp6_id == ident &&
icp->icmp6_seq == htons(seq))
return (ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT + 1);
}
if (verbose) {
char sbuf[NI_MAXHOST+1], dbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
u_int8_t *p;
int i;
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(sbuf, "invalid", sizeof(sbuf));
printf("\n%d bytes from %s to %s", cc, sbuf,
rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
dbuf, sizeof(dbuf)) : "?");
printf(": icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n", type, pr_type(type),
icp->icmp6_code);
p = (u_int8_t *)(icp + 1);
#define WIDTH 16
for (i = 0; i < cc; i++) {
if (i % WIDTH == 0)
printf("%04x:", i);
if (i % 4 == 0)
printf(" ");
printf("%02x", p[i]);
if (i % WIDTH == WIDTH - 1)
printf("\n");
}
if (cc % WIDTH != 0)
printf("\n");
}
return(0);
}
/*
* Increment pointer until find the UDP or ICMP header.
*/
struct udphdr *
get_udphdr(ip6, lim)
struct ip6_hdr *ip6;
u_char *lim;
{
u_char *cp = (u_char *)ip6, nh;
int hlen;
if (cp + sizeof(*ip6) >= lim)
return(NULL);
nh = ip6->ip6_nxt;
cp += sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
while (lim - cp >= 8) {
switch (nh) {
case IPPROTO_ESP:
case IPPROTO_TCP:
return(NULL);
case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
return(useicmp ? (struct udphdr *)cp : NULL);
case IPPROTO_UDP:
return(useicmp ? NULL : (struct udphdr *)cp);
case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:
hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_frag);
nh = ((struct ip6_frag *)cp)->ip6f_nxt;
break;
case IPPROTO_AH:
hlen = (((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_len + 2) << 2;
nh = ((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_nxt;
break;
default:
hlen = (((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_len + 1) << 3;
nh = ((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_nxt;
break;
}
cp += hlen;
}
return(NULL);
}
void
print(mhdr, cc)
struct msghdr *mhdr;
int cc;
{
struct sockaddr_in6 *from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)mhdr->msg_name;
char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
if (nflag)
printf(" %s", hbuf);
else if (lflag)
printf(" %s (%s)", inetname((struct sockaddr *)from), hbuf);
else
printf(" %s", inetname((struct sockaddr *)from));
if (verbose) {
#ifdef OLDRAWSOCKET
printf(" %d bytes to %s", cc,
rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) : "?");
#else
printf(" %d bytes of data to %s", cc,
rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) : "?");
#endif
}
}
/*
* Construct an Internet address representation.
* If the nflag has been supplied, give
* numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name.
*/
const char *
inetname(sa)
struct sockaddr *sa;
{
static char line[NI_MAXHOST], domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
static int first = 1;
char *cp;
if (first && !nflag) {
first = 0;
if (gethostname(domain, sizeof(domain)) == 0 &&
(cp = strchr(domain, '.')))
(void) strlcpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof(domain));
else
domain[0] = 0;
}
cp = NULL;
if (!nflag) {
if (getnameinfo(sa, sa->sa_len, line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0,
NI_NAMEREQD) == 0) {
if ((cp = strchr(line, '.')) &&
!strcmp(cp + 1, domain))
*cp = 0;
cp = line;
}
}
if (cp)
return cp;
if (getnameinfo(sa, sa->sa_len, line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0,
NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
strlcpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
return line;
}
void
usage()
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: traceroute6 [-dIlnrv] [-f firsthop] [-g gateway] [-m hoplimit]\n"
" [-p port] [-q probes] [-s src] [-w waittime] target [datalen]\n");
exit(1);
}
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