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freebsd/sbin/newfs/newfs.c

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall
* Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security
* Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
* contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
* research program.
*
* Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#if 0
#ifndef lint
static const char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
/*
* newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <libutil.h>
#include "newfs.h"
int Eflag; /* Erase previous disk contents */
int Lflag; /* add a volume label */
int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */
int Oflag = 2; /* file system format (1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2) */
int Rflag; /* regression test */
int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for file system */
int jflag; /* enable soft updates journaling for filesys */
int Xflag = 0; /* exit in middle of newfs for testing */
int Jflag; /* enable gjournal for file system */
int lflag; /* enable multilabel for file system */
int nflag; /* do not create .snap directory */
int tflag; /* enable TRIM */
intmax_t fssize; /* file system size */
off_t mediasize; /* device size */
int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */
int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */
int bsize = 0; /* block size */
int maxbsize = 0; /* maximum clustering */
int maxblkspercg = MAXBLKSPERCG; /* maximum blocks per cylinder group */
int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */
int metaspace; /* space held for metadata blocks */
int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
int maxcontig = 0; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
int avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */
int avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */
u_char *volumelabel = NULL; /* volume label for filesystem */
struct uufsd disk; /* libufs disk structure */
static char device[MAXPATHLEN];
static u_char bootarea[BBSIZE];
static int is_file; /* work on a file, not a device */
static char *dkname;
static char *disktype;
static void getfssize(intmax_t *, const char *p, intmax_t, intmax_t);
static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *s);
static void usage(void);
static int expand_number_int(const char *buf, int *num);
ufs2_daddr_t part_ofs; /* partition offset in blocks, used with files */
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct partition *pp;
struct disklabel *lp;
struct partition oldpartition;
struct stat st;
char *cp, *special;
intmax_t reserved;
int ch, i, rval;
char part_name; /* partition name, default to full disk */
part_name = 'c';
reserved = 0;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
"EJL:NO:RS:T:UXa:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:jk:lm:no:p:r:s:t")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case 'E':
Eflag = 1;
break;
case 'J':
Jflag = 1;
break;
case 'L':
volumelabel = optarg;
i = -1;
while (isalnum(volumelabel[++i]));
if (volumelabel[i] != '\0') {
errx(1, "bad volume label. Valid characters are alphanumerics.");
}
if (strlen(volumelabel) >= MAXVOLLEN) {
errx(1, "bad volume label. Length is longer than %d.",
MAXVOLLEN);
}
Lflag = 1;
break;
case 'N':
Nflag = 1;
break;
case 'O':
if ((Oflag = atoi(optarg)) < 1 || Oflag > 2)
errx(1, "%s: bad file system format value",
optarg);
break;
case 'R':
Rflag = 1;
break;
case 'S':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &sectorsize);
if (rval < 0 || sectorsize <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad sector size", optarg);
break;
case 'T':
disktype = optarg;
break;
case 'j':
jflag = 1;
/* fall through to enable soft updates */
case 'U':
Uflag = 1;
break;
case 'X':
Xflag++;
break;
case 'a':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxcontig);
if (rval < 0 || maxcontig <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks",
optarg);
break;
case 'b':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &bsize);
if (rval < 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad block size",
optarg);
if (bsize < MINBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: block size too small, min is %d",
optarg, MINBSIZE);
if (bsize > MAXBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: block size too large, max is %d",
optarg, MAXBSIZE);
break;
case 'c':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxblkspercg);
if (rval < 0 || maxblkspercg <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per cylinder group",
optarg);
break;
case 'd':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxbsize);
if (rval < 0 || maxbsize < MINBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: bad extent block size", optarg);
break;
case 'e':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &maxbpg);
if (rval < 0 || maxbpg <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group",
optarg);
break;
case 'f':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &fsize);
if (rval < 0 || fsize <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
break;
case 'g':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &avgfilesize);
if (rval < 0 || avgfilesize <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad average file size", optarg);
break;
case 'h':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &avgfilesperdir);
if (rval < 0 || avgfilesperdir <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad average files per dir", optarg);
break;
case 'i':
rval = expand_number_int(optarg, &density);
if (rval < 0 || density <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad bytes per inode", optarg);
break;
case 'l':
lflag = 1;
break;
case 'k':
if ((metaspace = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad metadata space %%", optarg);
if (metaspace == 0)
/* force to stay zero in mkfs */
metaspace = -1;
break;
case 'm':
if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
errx(1, "%s: bad free space %%", optarg);
break;
case 'n':
nflag = 1;
break;
case 'o':
if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTTIME;
else
errx(1,
"%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'",
optarg);
break;
case 'r':
errno = 0;
reserved = strtoimax(optarg, &cp, 0);
if (errno != 0 || cp == optarg ||
*cp != '\0' || reserved < 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad reserved size", optarg);
break;
case 'p':
is_file = 1;
part_name = optarg[0];
break;
case 's':
errno = 0;
fssize = strtoimax(optarg, &cp, 0);
if (errno != 0 || cp == optarg ||
*cp != '\0' || fssize < 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad file system size", optarg);
break;
case 't':
tflag = 1;
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc != 1)
usage();
special = argv[0];
if (!special[0])
err(1, "empty file/special name");
cp = strrchr(special, '/');
if (cp == 0) {
/*
* No path prefix; try prefixing _PATH_DEV.
*/
snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
special = device;
}
if (is_file) {
/* bypass ufs_disk_fillout_blank */
bzero( &disk, sizeof(disk));
disk.d_bsize = 1;
disk.d_name = special;
disk.d_fd = open(special, O_RDONLY);
if (disk.d_fd < 0 ||
(!Nflag && ufs_disk_write(&disk) == -1))
errx(1, "%s: ", special);
} else if (ufs_disk_fillout_blank(&disk, special) == -1 ||
(!Nflag && ufs_disk_write(&disk) == -1)) {
if (disk.d_error != NULL)
errx(1, "%s: %s", special, disk.d_error);
else
err(1, "%s", special);
}
if (fstat(disk.d_fd, &st) < 0)
err(1, "%s", special);
if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR) {
warn("%s: not a character-special device", special);
is_file = 1; /* assume it is a file */
dkname = special;
if (sectorsize == 0)
sectorsize = 512;
mediasize = st.st_size;
/* set fssize from the partition */
} else {
if (sectorsize == 0)
if (ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &sectorsize) == -1)
sectorsize = 0; /* back out on error for safety */
if (sectorsize && ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != -1)
getfssize(&fssize, special, mediasize / sectorsize, reserved);
}
pp = NULL;
lp = getdisklabel(special);
if (lp != NULL) {
if (!is_file) /* already set for files */
part_name = special[strlen(special) - 1];
if ((part_name < 'a' || part_name - 'a' >= MAXPARTITIONS) &&
!isdigit(part_name))
errx(1, "%s: can't figure out file system partition",
special);
cp = &part_name;
if (isdigit(*cp))
pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];
else
pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
oldpartition = *pp;
if (pp->p_size == 0)
errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
special, *cp);
if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
special, *cp);
getfssize(&fssize, special, pp->p_size, reserved);
if (sectorsize == 0)
sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
if (fsize == 0)
fsize = pp->p_fsize;
if (bsize == 0)
bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
if (is_file)
part_ofs = pp->p_offset;
}
if (sectorsize <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: no default sector size", special);
if (fsize <= 0)
fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, sectorsize);
if (bsize <= 0)
bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
}
realsectorsize = sectorsize;
if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) { /* XXX */
int secperblk = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
fssize *= secperblk;
if (pp != NULL)
pp->p_size *= secperblk;
}
mkfs(pp, special);
ufs_disk_close(&disk);
if (!jflag)
exit(0);
if (execlp("tunefs", "newfs", "-j", "enable", special, NULL) < 0)
err(1, "Cannot enable soft updates journaling, tunefs");
/* NOT REACHED */
}
void
getfssize(intmax_t *fsz, const char *s, intmax_t disksize, intmax_t reserved)
{
intmax_t available;
available = disksize - reserved;
if (available <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: reserved not less than device size %jd",
s, disksize);
if (*fsz == 0)
*fsz = available;
else if (*fsz > available)
errx(1, "%s: maximum file system size is %jd",
s, available);
}
struct disklabel *
getdisklabel(char *s)
{
static struct disklabel lab;
struct disklabel *lp;
if (is_file) {
if (read(disk.d_fd, bootarea, BBSIZE) != BBSIZE)
err(4, "cannot read bootarea");
if (bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
bootarea + (0 /* labeloffset */ +
1 /* labelsoffset */ * sectorsize),
&lab, MAXPARTITIONS))
errx(1, "no valid label found");
lp = &lab;
return &lab;
}
if (disktype) {
lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
if (lp != NULL)
return (lp);
}
return (NULL);
}
static void
usage()
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
getprogname(),
" [device-type]");
fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-E Erase previous disk content\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-J Enable journaling via gjournal\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label to add to superblock\n");
fprintf(stderr,
"\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-O file system format: 1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-R regression test, suppress random factors\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-U enable soft updates\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c blocks per cylinders group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-d maximum extent size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-h average files per directory\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-j enable soft updates journaling\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-k space to hold for metadata blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-l enable multilabel MAC\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-n do not create .snap directory\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-p partition name (a..h)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors at the end of device\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-t enable TRIM\n");
exit(1);
}
static int
expand_number_int(const char *buf, int *num)
{
int64_t num64;
int rval;
rval = expand_number(buf, &num64);
if (rval < 0)
return (rval);
if (num64 > INT_MAX || num64 < INT_MIN) {
errno = ERANGE;
return (-1);
}
*num = (int)num64;
return (0);
}
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