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165 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
165 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)xstr.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd December 30, 1993
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.Dt XSTR 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm xstr
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.Nd "extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl c
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.Op Fl
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Ar file
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility maintains a file
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.Pa strings
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into which strings in component parts of a large program are hashed.
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These strings are replaced with references to this common area.
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This serves to implement shared constant strings, most useful if they
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are also read-only.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl
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Read from the standard input.
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.It Fl c
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Extract the strings from the C source
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.Ar file
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or the standard input
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.Pq Fl ,
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replacing
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string references by expressions of the form (&xstr[number])
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for some number.
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An appropriate declaration of
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.Nm
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is prepended to the file.
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The resulting C text is placed in the file
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.Pa x.c ,
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to then be compiled.
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The strings from this file are placed in the
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.Pa strings
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data base if they are not there already.
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Repeated strings and strings which are suffixes of existing strings
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do not cause changes to the data base.
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.It Fl v
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Verbose mode.
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.El
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.Pp
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After all components of a large program have been compiled a file
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.Pa xs.c
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declaring the common
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.Nm
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space can be created by a command of the form
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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xstr
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The file
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.Pa xs.c
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should then be compiled and loaded with the rest
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of the program.
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If possible, the array can be made read-only (shared) saving
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space and swap overhead.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility can also be used on a single file.
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A command
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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xstr name
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.Ed
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.Pp
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creates files
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.Pa x.c
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and
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.Pa xs.c
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as before, without using or affecting any
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.Pa strings
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file in the same directory.
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.Pp
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It may be useful to run
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.Nm
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after the C preprocessor if any macro definitions yield strings
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or if there is conditional code which contains strings
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which may not, in fact, be needed.
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An appropriate command sequence for running
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.Nm
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after the C preprocessor is:
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.Pp
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.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
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cc \-E name.c | xstr \-c \-
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cc \-c x.c
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mv x.o name.o
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility does not touch the file
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.Pa strings
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unless new items are added, thus
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.Xr make 1
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can avoid remaking
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.Pa xs.o
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unless truly necessary.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /tmp/xsxx* -compact
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.It Pa strings
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data base of strings
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.It Pa x.c
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massaged C source
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.It Pa xs.c
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C source for definition of array `xstr'
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.It Pa /tmp/xs*
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temp file when `xstr name' doesn't touch
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.Pa strings
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mkstr 1
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.Sh BUGS
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If a string is a suffix of another string in the data base,
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but the shorter string is seen first by
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.Nm
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both strings will be placed in the data base, when just
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placing the longer one there will do.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.Bx 3.0 .
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