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mirror of https://git.FreeBSD.org/src.git synced 2024-12-21 11:13:30 +00:00
freebsd/sys/kern/kern_thread.c
Julian Elischer c3b98db091 Thinking about it I came to the conclusion that the KSE states were incorrectly
formulated.  The correct states should be:
IDLE:  On the idle KSE list for that KSEG
RUNQ:  Linked onto the system run queue.
THREAD: Attached to a thread and slaved to whatever state the thread is in.

This means that most places where we were adjusting kse state can go away
as it is just moving around because the thread is..
The only places we need to adjust the KSE state is in transition to and from
the idle and run queues.

Reviewed by:	jhb@freebsd.org
2002-07-14 03:43:33 +00:00

796 lines
21 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright (C) 2001 Julian Elischer <julian@freebsd.org>.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as
* the first lines of this file unmodified other than the possible
* addition of one or more copyright notices.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
* (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
* DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD$
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/filedesc.h>
#include <sys/tty.h>
#include <sys/signalvar.h>
#include <sys/sx.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/jail.h>
#include <sys/kse.h>
#include <sys/ktr.h>
#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/vm_object.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <vm/uma.h>
#include <vm/vm_map.h>
/*
* Thread related storage.
*/
static uma_zone_t thread_zone;
static int allocated_threads;
static int active_threads;
static int cached_threads;
SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, threads, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "thread allocation");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, active, CTLFLAG_RD,
&active_threads, 0, "Number of active threads in system.");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, cached, CTLFLAG_RD,
&cached_threads, 0, "Number of threads in thread cache.");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, allocated, CTLFLAG_RD,
&allocated_threads, 0, "Number of threads in zone.");
static int oiks_debug = 1; /* 0 disable, 1 printf, 2 enter debugger */
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, oiks, CTLFLAG_RW,
&oiks_debug, 0, "OIKS thread debug");
#define RANGEOF(type, start, end) (offsetof(type, end) - offsetof(type, start))
struct threadqueue zombie_threads = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(zombie_threads);
struct mtx zombie_thread_lock;
MTX_SYSINIT(zombie_thread_lock, &zombie_thread_lock,
"zombie_thread_lock", MTX_SPIN);
/*
* Pepare a thread for use.
*/
static void
thread_ctor(void *mem, int size, void *arg)
{
struct thread *td;
KASSERT((size == sizeof(struct thread)),
("size mismatch: %d != %d\n", size, (int)sizeof(struct thread)));
td = (struct thread *)mem;
bzero(&td->td_startzero,
(unsigned)RANGEOF(struct thread, td_startzero, td_endzero));
td->td_state = TDS_NEW;
td->td_flags |= TDF_UNBOUND;
#if 0
/*
* Maybe move these here from process creation, but maybe not.
* Moving them here takes them away from their "natural" place
* in the fork process.
*/
/* XXX td_contested does not appear to be initialized for threads! */
LIST_INIT(&td->td_contested);
callout_init(&td->td_slpcallout, 1);
#endif
cached_threads--; /* XXXSMP */
active_threads++; /* XXXSMP */
}
/*
* Reclaim a thread after use.
*/
static void
thread_dtor(void *mem, int size, void *arg)
{
struct thread *td;
KASSERT((size == sizeof(struct thread)),
("size mismatch: %d != %d\n", size, (int)sizeof(struct thread)));
td = (struct thread *)mem;
#ifdef INVARIANTS
/* Verify that this thread is in a safe state to free. */
switch (td->td_state) {
case TDS_SLP:
case TDS_MTX:
case TDS_RUNQ:
/*
* We must never unlink a thread that is in one of
* these states, because it is currently active.
*/
panic("bad state for thread unlinking");
/* NOTREACHED */
case TDS_UNQUEUED:
case TDS_NEW:
case TDS_RUNNING:
case TDS_SURPLUS:
break;
default:
panic("bad thread state");
/* NOTREACHED */
}
#endif
/* Update counters. */
active_threads--; /* XXXSMP */
cached_threads++; /* XXXSMP */
}
/*
* Initialize type-stable parts of a thread (when newly created).
*/
static void
thread_init(void *mem, int size)
{
struct thread *td;
KASSERT((size == sizeof(struct thread)),
("size mismatch: %d != %d\n", size, (int)sizeof(struct thread)));
td = (struct thread *)mem;
pmap_new_thread(td);
cpu_thread_setup(td);
cached_threads++; /* XXXSMP */
allocated_threads++; /* XXXSMP */
}
/*
* Tear down type-stable parts of a thread (just before being discarded).
*/
static void
thread_fini(void *mem, int size)
{
struct thread *td;
KASSERT((size == sizeof(struct thread)),
("size mismatch: %d != %d\n", size, (int)sizeof(struct thread)));
td = (struct thread *)mem;
pmap_dispose_thread(td);
cached_threads--; /* XXXSMP */
allocated_threads--; /* XXXSMP */
}
/*
* Initialize global thread allocation resources.
*/
void
threadinit(void)
{
thread_zone = uma_zcreate("THREAD", sizeof (struct thread),
thread_ctor, thread_dtor, thread_init, thread_fini,
UMA_ALIGN_CACHE, 0);
}
/*
* Stash an embarasingly esxtra thread into the zombie thread queue.
*/
void
thread_stash(struct thread *td)
{
mtx_lock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&zombie_threads, td, td_runq);
mtx_unlock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
}
/*
* reap any zombie threads for this Processor.
*/
void
thread_reap(void)
{
struct thread *td_reaped;
/*
* don't even bother to lock if none at this instant
* We really don't care about the next instant..
*/
if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&zombie_threads)) {
mtx_lock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&zombie_threads)) {
td_reaped = TAILQ_FIRST(&zombie_threads);
TAILQ_REMOVE(&zombie_threads, td_reaped, td_runq);
mtx_unlock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
thread_free(td_reaped);
mtx_lock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
}
mtx_unlock_spin(&zombie_thread_lock);
}
}
/*
* Allocate a thread.
*/
struct thread *
thread_alloc(void)
{
thread_reap(); /* check if any zombies to get */
return (uma_zalloc(thread_zone, M_WAITOK));
}
/*
* Deallocate a thread.
*/
void
thread_free(struct thread *td)
{
uma_zfree(thread_zone, td);
}
/*
* Store the thread context in the UTS's mailbox.
*/
int
thread_export_context(struct thread *td)
{
struct kse *ke;
uintptr_t td2_mbx;
void *addr1;
void *addr2;
int error;
/* Export the register contents. */
error = cpu_export_context(td);
ke = td->td_kse;
addr1 = (caddr_t)ke->ke_mailbox
+ offsetof(struct kse_mailbox, kmbx_completed_threads);
addr2 = (caddr_t)td->td_mailbox
+ offsetof(struct thread_mailbox , next_completed);
/* Then link it into it's KSE's list of completed threads. */
if (!error) {
error = td2_mbx = fuword(addr1);
if (error == -1)
error = EFAULT;
else
error = 0;
}
if (!error)
error = suword(addr2, td2_mbx);
if (!error)
error = suword(addr1, (u_long)td->td_mailbox);
if (error == -1)
error = EFAULT;
return (error);
}
/*
* Discard the current thread and exit from its context.
*
* Because we can't free a thread while we're operating under its context,
* push the current thread into our KSE's ke_tdspare slot, freeing the
* thread that might be there currently. Because we know that only this
* processor will run our KSE, we needn't worry about someone else grabbing
* our context before we do a cpu_throw.
*/
void
thread_exit(void)
{
struct thread *td;
struct kse *ke;
struct proc *p;
struct ksegrp *kg;
td = curthread;
kg = td->td_ksegrp;
p = td->td_proc;
ke = td->td_kse;
mtx_assert(&sched_lock, MA_OWNED);
PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
CTR1(KTR_PROC, "thread_exit: thread %p", td);
KASSERT(!mtx_owned(&Giant), ("dying thread owns giant"));
if (ke->ke_tdspare != NULL) {
thread_stash(ke->ke_tdspare);
ke->ke_tdspare = NULL;
}
cpu_thread_exit(td); /* XXXSMP */
/* Reassign this thread's KSE. */
if (ke != NULL) {
ke->ke_thread = NULL;
td->td_kse = NULL;
ke->ke_state = KES_UNQUEUED;
kse_reassign(ke);
}
/* Unlink this thread from its proc. and the kseg */
if (p != NULL) {
TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_threads, td, td_plist);
p->p_numthreads--;
if (kg != NULL) {
TAILQ_REMOVE(&kg->kg_threads, td, td_kglist);
kg->kg_numthreads--;
}
/*
* The test below is NOT true if we are the
* sole exiting thread. P_STOPPED_SNGL is unset
* in exit1() after it is the only survivor.
*/
if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p) == P_STOPPED_SNGL) {
if (p->p_numthreads == p->p_suspcount) {
TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_suspended,
p->p_singlethread, td_runq);
setrunqueue(p->p_singlethread);
p->p_suspcount--;
}
}
}
td->td_state = TDS_SURPLUS;
td->td_proc = NULL;
td->td_ksegrp = NULL;
td->td_last_kse = NULL;
ke->ke_tdspare = td;
PROC_UNLOCK(p);
cpu_throw();
/* NOTREACHED */
}
/*
* Link a thread to a process.
*
* Note that we do not link to the proc's ucred here.
* The thread is linked as if running but no KSE assigned.
*/
void
thread_link(struct thread *td, struct ksegrp *kg)
{
struct proc *p;
p = kg->kg_proc;
td->td_state = TDS_NEW;
td->td_proc = p;
td->td_ksegrp = kg;
td->td_last_kse = NULL;
TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&p->p_threads, td, td_plist);
TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&kg->kg_threads, td, td_kglist);
p->p_numthreads++;
kg->kg_numthreads++;
if (oiks_debug && p->p_numthreads > 4) {
printf("OIKS %d\n", p->p_numthreads);
if (oiks_debug > 1)
Debugger("OIKS");
}
td->td_critnest = 0;
td->td_kse = NULL;
}
/*
* Set up the upcall pcb in either a given thread or a new one
* if none given. Use the upcall for the given KSE
* XXXKSE possibly fix cpu_set_upcall() to not need td->td_kse set.
*/
struct thread *
thread_schedule_upcall(struct thread *td, struct kse *ke)
{
struct thread *td2;
mtx_assert(&sched_lock, MA_OWNED);
if (ke->ke_tdspare != NULL) {
td2 = ke->ke_tdspare;
ke->ke_tdspare = NULL;
} else {
mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock);
td2 = thread_alloc();
mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
}
CTR3(KTR_PROC, "thread_schedule_upcall: thread %p (pid %d, %s)",
td, td->td_proc->p_pid, td->td_proc->p_comm);
thread_link(td2, ke->ke_ksegrp);
cpu_set_upcall(td2, ke->ke_pcb);
td2->td_ucred = crhold(td->td_ucred);
td2->td_flags = TDF_UNBOUND|TDF_UPCALLING;
td2->td_priority = td->td_priority;
setrunqueue(td2);
return (td2);
}
/*
* The extra work we go through if we are a threaded process when we
* return to userland
*
* If we are a KSE process and returning to user mode, check for
* extra work to do before we return (e.g. for more syscalls
* to complete first). If we were in a critical section, we should
* just return to let it finish. Same if we were in the UTS (in
* which case we will have no thread mailbox registered). The only
* traps we suport will have set the mailbox. We will clear it here.
*/
int
thread_userret(struct proc *p, struct ksegrp *kg, struct kse *ke,
struct thread *td, struct trapframe *frame)
{
int error = 0;
if (ke->ke_tdspare == NULL) {
ke->ke_tdspare = thread_alloc();
}
if (td->td_flags & TDF_UNBOUND) {
/*
* Are we returning from a thread that had a mailbox?
*
* XXX Maybe this should be in a separate function.
*/
if (((td->td_flags & TDF_UPCALLING) == 0) && td->td_mailbox) {
/*
* [XXXKSE Future enhancement]
* We could also go straight back to the syscall
* if we never had to do an upcall since then.
* If the KSE's copy is == the thread's copy..
* AND there are no other completed threads.
*/
/*
* We will go back as an upcall or go do another thread.
* Either way we need to save the context back to
* the user thread mailbox.
* So the UTS can restart it later.
*/
error = thread_export_context(td);
td->td_mailbox = NULL;
if (error) {
/*
* Failing to do the KSE
* operation just defaults operation
* back to synchonous operation.
*/
goto cont;
}
if (TAILQ_FIRST(&kg->kg_runq)) {
/*
* Uh-oh.. don't return to the user.
* Instead, switch to the thread that
* needs to run. The question is:
* What do we do with the thread we have now?
* We have put the completion block
* on the kse mailbox. If we had more energy,
* we could lazily do so, assuming someone
* else might get to userland earlier
* and deliver it earlier than we could.
* To do that we could save it off the KSEG.
* An upcalling KSE would 'reap' all completed
* threads.
* Being in a hurry, we'll do nothing and
* leave it on the current KSE for now.
*
* As for the other threads to run;
* we COULD rush through all the threads
* in this KSEG at this priority, or we
* could throw the ball back into the court
* and just run the highest prio kse available.
* What is OUR priority?
* the priority of the highest sycall waiting
* to be returned?
* For now, just let another KSE run (easiest).
*/
PROC_LOCK(p);
mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
thread_exit(); /* Abandon current thread. */
/* NOTREACHED */
} else { /* if (number of returning syscalls = 1) */
/*
* Swap our frame for the upcall frame.
*
* XXXKSE Assumes we are going to user land
* and not nested in the kernel
*/
td->td_flags |= TDF_UPCALLING;
}
}
/*
* This is NOT just an 'else' clause for the above test...
*/
if (td->td_flags & TDF_UPCALLING) {
CTR3(KTR_PROC, "userret: upcall thread %p (pid %d, %s)",
td, p->p_pid, p->p_comm);
/*
* Make sure that it has the correct frame loaded.
* While we know that we are on the same KSEGRP
* as we were created on, we could very easily
* have come in on another KSE. We therefore need
* to do the copy of the frame after the last
* possible switch() (the one above).
*/
bcopy(ke->ke_frame, frame, sizeof(struct trapframe));
/*
* Decide what we are sending to the user
* upcall sets one argument. The address of the mbox.
*/
cpu_set_args(td, ke);
/*
* There is no more work to do and we are going to ride
* this thead/KSE up to userland. Make sure the user's
* pointer to the thread mailbox is cleared before we
* re-enter the kernel next time for any reason..
* We might as well do it here.
*/
td->td_flags &= ~TDF_UPCALLING; /* Hmmmm. */
error = suword((caddr_t)td->td_kse->ke_mailbox +
offsetof(struct kse_mailbox, kmbx_current_thread),
0);
}
/*
* Stop any chance that we may be separated from
* the KSE we are currently on. This is "biting the bullet",
* we are committing to go to user space as as THIS KSE here.
*/
cont:
td->td_flags &= ~TDF_UNBOUND;
}
return (error);
}
/*
* Enforce single-threading.
*
* Returns 1 if the caller must abort (another thread is waiting to
* exit the process or similar). Process is locked!
* Returns 0 when you are successfully the only thread running.
* A process has successfully single threaded in the suspend mode when
* There are no threads in user mode. Threads in the kernel must be
* allowed to continue until they get to the user boundary. They may even
* copy out their return values and data before suspending. They may however be
* accellerated in reaching the user boundary as we will wake up
* any sleeping threads that are interruptable. (PCATCH).
*/
int
thread_single(int force_exit)
{
struct thread *td;
struct thread *td2;
struct proc *p;
td = curthread;
p = td->td_proc;
PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
KASSERT((td != NULL), ("curthread is NULL"));
if ((p->p_flag & P_KSES) == 0)
return (0);
if (p->p_singlethread) {
/*
* Someone is already single threading!
*/
return (1);
}
if (force_exit == SNGLE_EXIT)
p->p_flag |= P_SINGLE_EXIT;
else
p->p_flag &= ~P_SINGLE_EXIT;
p->p_flag |= P_STOPPED_SNGL;
p->p_singlethread = td;
while ((p->p_numthreads - p->p_suspcount) != 1) {
FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, td2) {
if (td2 == td)
continue;
switch(td2->td_state) {
case TDS_SUSPENDED:
if (force_exit == SNGLE_EXIT) {
TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_suspended,
td, td_runq);
setrunqueue(td); /* Should suicide. */
}
case TDS_SLP:
if (td2->td_flags & TDF_CVWAITQ) {
cv_abort(td2);
} else {
abortsleep(td2);
}
break;
/* etc. XXXKSE */
default:
;
}
}
/*
* XXXKSE-- idea
* It's possible that we can just wake up when
* there are no runnable KSEs, because that would
* indicate that only this thread is runnable and
* there are no running KSEs in userland.
* --
* Wake us up when everyone else has suspended.
* (or died)
*/
mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&p->p_suspended, td, td_runq);
td->td_state = TDS_SUSPENDED;
p->p_suspcount++;
mtx_unlock(&Giant);
PROC_UNLOCK(p);
mi_switch();
mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock);
mtx_lock(&Giant);
PROC_LOCK(p);
}
return (0);
}
/*
* Called in from locations that can safely check to see
* whether we have to suspend or at least throttle for a
* single-thread event (e.g. fork).
*
* Such locations include userret().
* If the "return_instead" argument is non zero, the thread must be able to
* accept 0 (caller may continue), or 1 (caller must abort) as a result.
*
* The 'return_instead' argument tells the function if it may do a
* thread_exit() or suspend, or whether the caller must abort and back
* out instead.
*
* If the thread that set the single_threading request has set the
* P_SINGLE_EXIT bit in the process flags then this call will never return
* if 'return_instead' is false, but will exit.
*
* P_SINGLE_EXIT | return_instead == 0| return_instead != 0
*---------------+--------------------+---------------------
* 0 | returns 0 | returns 0 or 1
* | when ST ends | immediatly
*---------------+--------------------+---------------------
* 1 | thread exits | returns 1
* | | immediatly
* 0 = thread_exit() or suspension ok,
* other = return error instead of stopping the thread.
*
* While a full suspension is under effect, even a single threading
* thread would be suspended if it made this call (but it shouldn't).
* This call should only be made from places where
* thread_exit() would be safe as that may be the outcome unless
* return_instead is set.
*/
int
thread_suspend_check(int return_instead)
{
struct thread *td = curthread;
struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
td = curthread;
p = td->td_proc;
PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
while (P_SHOULDSTOP(p)) {
if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p) == P_STOPPED_SNGL) {
KASSERT(p->p_singlethread != NULL,
("singlethread not set"));
/*
* The only suspension in action is
* a single-threading. Treat it ever
* so slightly different if it is
* in a special situation.
*/
if (p->p_singlethread == td) {
return (0); /* Exempt from stopping. */
}
}
if (return_instead) {
return (1);
}
/*
* If the process is waiting for us to exit,
* this thread should just suicide.
* Assumes that P_SINGLE_EXIT implies P_STOPPED_SNGL.
*/
if ((p->p_flag & P_SINGLE_EXIT) && (p->p_singlethread != td)) {
mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
while (mtx_owned(&Giant))
mtx_unlock(&Giant);
thread_exit();
}
/*
* When a thread suspends, it just
* moves to the processes's suspend queue
* and stays there.
*
* XXXKSE if TDF_BOUND is true
* it will not release it's KSE which might
* lead to deadlock if there are not enough KSEs
* to complete all waiting threads.
* Maybe be able to 'lend' it out again.
* (lent kse's can not go back to userland?)
* and can only be lent in STOPPED state.
*/
mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_NOTOWNED);
mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
p->p_suspcount++;
td->td_state = TDS_SUSPENDED;
TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&p->p_suspended, td, td_runq);
PROC_UNLOCK(p);
mi_switch();
mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock);
PROC_LOCK(p);
}
return (0);
}
/*
* Allow all threads blocked by single threading to continue running.
*/
void
thread_unsuspend(struct proc *p)
{
struct thread *td;
PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
if (!P_SHOULDSTOP(p)) {
while (( td = TAILQ_FIRST(&p->p_suspended))) {
TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_suspended, td, td_runq);
p->p_suspcount--;
setrunqueue(td);
}
} else if ((P_SHOULDSTOP(p) == P_STOPPED_SNGL) &&
(p->p_numthreads == p->p_suspcount)) {
/*
* Stopping everything also did the job for the single
* threading request. Now we've downgraded to single-threaded,
* let it continue.
*/
TAILQ_REMOVE(&p->p_suspended, p->p_singlethread, td_runq);
p->p_suspcount--;
setrunqueue(p->p_singlethread);
}
}
void
thread_single_end(void)
{
struct thread *td;
struct proc *p;
td = curthread;
p = td->td_proc;
PROC_LOCK_ASSERT(p, MA_OWNED);
p->p_flag &= ~P_STOPPED_SNGL;
p->p_singlethread = NULL;
thread_unsuspend(p);
}