1
0
mirror of https://git.FreeBSD.org/src.git synced 2024-12-19 10:53:58 +00:00
freebsd/crypto/openssh/README.privsep
Ed Maste 19261079b7 openssh: update to OpenSSH v8.7p1
Some notable changes, from upstream's release notes:

- sshd(8): Remove support for obsolete "host/port" syntax.
- ssh(1): When prompting whether to record a new host key, accept the key
  fingerprint as a synonym for "yes".
- ssh-keygen(1): when acting as a CA and signing certificates with an RSA
  key, default to using the rsa-sha2-512 signature algorithm.
- ssh(1), sshd(8), ssh-keygen(1): this release removes the "ssh-rsa"
  (RSA/SHA1) algorithm from those accepted for certificate signatures.
- ssh-sk-helper(8): this is a new binary. It is used by the FIDO/U2F
  support to provide address-space isolation for token middleware
  libraries (including the internal one).
- ssh(1): this release enables UpdateHostkeys by default subject to some
  conservative preconditions.
- scp(1): this release changes the behaviour of remote to remote copies
  (e.g. "scp host-a:/path host-b:") to transfer through the local host
  by default.
- scp(1): experimental support for transfers using the SFTP protocol as
  a replacement for the venerable SCP/RCP protocol that it has
  traditionally used.

Additional integration work is needed to support FIDO/U2F in the base
system.

Deprecation Notice
------------------

OpenSSH will disable the ssh-rsa signature scheme by default in the
next release.

Reviewed by:	imp
MFC after:	1 month
Relnotes:	Yes
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D29985
2021-09-07 21:05:51 -04:00

52 lines
2.2 KiB
Plaintext

Privilege separation, or privsep, is method in OpenSSH by which
operations that require root privilege are performed by a separate
privileged monitor process. Its purpose is to prevent privilege
escalation by containing corruption to an unprivileged process.
More information is available at:
http://www.citi.umich.edu/u/provos/ssh/privsep.html
Privilege separation is now mandatory. During the pre-authentication
phase sshd will chroot(2) to "/var/empty" and change its privileges to the
"sshd" user and its primary group. sshd is a pseudo-account that should
not be used by other daemons, and must be locked and should contain a
"nologin" or invalid shell.
You should do something like the following to prepare the privsep
preauth environment:
# mkdir /var/empty
# chown root:sys /var/empty
# chmod 755 /var/empty
# groupadd sshd
# useradd -g sshd -c 'sshd privsep' -d /var/empty -s /bin/false sshd
/var/empty should not contain any files.
configure supports the following options to change the default
privsep user and chroot directory:
--with-privsep-path=xxx Path for privilege separation chroot
--with-privsep-user=user Specify non-privileged user for privilege separation
PAM-enabled OpenSSH is known to function with privsep on AIX, FreeBSD,
HP-UX (including Trusted Mode), Linux, NetBSD and Solaris.
On Cygwin, Tru64 Unix and OpenServer only the pre-authentication part
of privsep is supported. Post-authentication privsep is disabled
automatically (so you won't see the additional process mentioned below).
Note that for a normal interactive login with a shell, enabling privsep
will require 1 additional process per login session.
Given the following process listing (from HP-UX):
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME COMMAND
root 1005 1 0 10:45:17 ? 0:08 /opt/openssh/sbin/sshd -u0
root 6917 1005 0 15:19:16 ? 0:00 sshd: stevesk [priv]
stevesk 6919 6917 0 15:19:17 ? 0:03 sshd: stevesk@2
stevesk 6921 6919 0 15:19:17 pts/2 0:00 -bash
process 1005 is the sshd process listening for new connections.
process 6917 is the privileged monitor process, 6919 is the user owned
sshd process and 6921 is the shell process.