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freebsd/usr.bin/top/machine.c

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/*
* top - a top users display for Unix
*
* SYNOPSIS: For FreeBSD-2.x and later
*
* DESCRIPTION:
* Originally written for BSD4.4 system by Christos Zoulas.
* Ported to FreeBSD 2.x by Steven Wallace && Wolfram Schneider
* Order support hacked in from top-3.5beta6/machine/m_aix41.c
* by Monte Mitzelfelt (for latest top see http://www.groupsys.com/topinfo/)
*
* This is the machine-dependent module for FreeBSD 2.2
* Works for:
* FreeBSD 2.2.x, 3.x, 4.x, and probably FreeBSD 2.1.x
*
* LIBS: -lkvm
*
* AUTHOR: Christos Zoulas <christos@ee.cornell.edu>
* Steven Wallace <swallace@freebsd.org>
* Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org>
* Thomas Moestl <tmoestl@gmx.net>
*
* $FreeBSD$
*/
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include "os.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <nlist.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/dkstat.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/vmmeter.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/rtprio.h>
/* Swap */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <osreldate.h> /* for changes in kernel structures */
#include "top.h"
#include "machine.h"
#include "screen.h"
#include "utils.h"
static void getsysctl(char *, void *, size_t);
#define GETSYSCTL(name, var) getsysctl(name, &(var), sizeof(var))
extern char* printable(char *);
int swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree);
static int smpmode;
static int namelength;
static int cmdlengthdelta;
/* Prototypes for top internals */
void quit(int);
/* get_process_info passes back a handle. This is what it looks like: */
struct handle
{
struct kinfo_proc **next_proc; /* points to next valid proc pointer */
int remaining; /* number of pointers remaining */
};
/* declarations for load_avg */
#include "loadavg.h"
/* define what weighted cpu is. */
#define weighted_cpu(pct, pp) ((pp)->ki_swtime == 0 ? 0.0 : \
((pct) / (1.0 - exp((pp)->ki_swtime * logcpu))))
/* what we consider to be process size: */
#define PROCSIZE(pp) ((pp)->ki_size / 1024)
/* definitions for indices in the nlist array */
/*
* These definitions control the format of the per-process area
*/
static char smp_header[] =
" PID %-*.*s PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU CPU COMMAND";
#define smp_Proc_format \
"%5d %-*.*s %3d %4d%7s %6s %-6.6s %1x%7s %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %.*s"
static char up_header[] =
" PID %-*.*s PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU CPU COMMAND";
#define up_Proc_format \
"%5d %-*.*s %3d %4d%7s %6s %-6.6s%.0d%7s %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %.*s"
/* process state names for the "STATE" column of the display */
/* the extra nulls in the string "run" are for adding a slash and
the processor number when needed */
char *state_abbrev[] =
{
"", "START", "RUN\0\0\0", "SLEEP", "STOP", "ZOMB", "WAIT", "MUTEX"
};
static kvm_t *kd;
/* values that we stash away in _init and use in later routines */
static double logcpu;
/* these are retrieved from the kernel in _init */
static load_avg ccpu;
/* these are used in the get_ functions */
static int lastpid;
/* these are for calculating cpu state percentages */
static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
static long cp_old[CPUSTATES];
static long cp_diff[CPUSTATES];
/* these are for detailing the process states */
int process_states[8];
char *procstatenames[] = {
"", " starting, ", " running, ", " sleeping, ", " stopped, ",
" zombie, ", " waiting, ", " mutex, ",
NULL
};
/* these are for detailing the cpu states */
int cpu_states[CPUSTATES];
char *cpustatenames[] = {
"user", "nice", "system", "interrupt", "idle", NULL
};
/* these are for detailing the memory statistics */
int memory_stats[7];
char *memorynames[] = {
"K Active, ", "K Inact, ", "K Wired, ", "K Cache, ", "K Buf, ", "K Free",
NULL
};
int swap_stats[7];
char *swapnames[] = {
/* 0 1 2 3 4 5 */
"K Total, ", "K Used, ", "K Free, ", "% Inuse, ", "K In, ", "K Out",
NULL
};
/* these are for keeping track of the proc array */
static int nproc;
static int onproc = -1;
static int pref_len;
static struct kinfo_proc *pbase;
static struct kinfo_proc **pref;
/* these are for getting the memory statistics */
static int pageshift; /* log base 2 of the pagesize */
/* define pagetok in terms of pageshift */
#define pagetok(size) ((size) << pageshift)
/* useful externals */
long percentages();
#ifdef ORDER
/* sorting orders. first is default */
char *ordernames[] = {
"cpu", "size", "res", "time", "pri", NULL
};
#endif
int
machine_init(statics)
struct statics *statics;
{
register int pagesize;
size_t modelen;
struct passwd *pw;
modelen = sizeof(smpmode);
if ((sysctlbyname("machdep.smp_active", &smpmode, &modelen, NULL, 0) < 0 &&
sysctlbyname("kern.smp.active", &smpmode, &modelen, NULL, 0) < 0) ||
modelen != sizeof(smpmode))
smpmode = 0;
while ((pw = getpwent()) != NULL) {
if (strlen(pw->pw_name) > namelength)
namelength = strlen(pw->pw_name);
}
if (namelength < 8)
namelength = 8;
if (smpmode && namelength > 13)
namelength = 13;
else if (namelength > 15)
namelength = 15;
if ((kd = kvm_open("/dev/null", "/dev/null", "/dev/null", O_RDONLY, "kvm_open")) == NULL)
return -1;
GETSYSCTL("kern.ccpu", ccpu);
/* this is used in calculating WCPU -- calculate it ahead of time */
logcpu = log(loaddouble(ccpu));
pbase = NULL;
pref = NULL;
nproc = 0;
onproc = -1;
/* get the page size with "getpagesize" and calculate pageshift from it */
pagesize = getpagesize();
pageshift = 0;
while (pagesize > 1)
{
pageshift++;
pagesize >>= 1;
}
/* we only need the amount of log(2)1024 for our conversion */
pageshift -= LOG1024;
/* fill in the statics information */
statics->procstate_names = procstatenames;
statics->cpustate_names = cpustatenames;
statics->memory_names = memorynames;
statics->swap_names = swapnames;
#ifdef ORDER
statics->order_names = ordernames;
#endif
/* all done! */
return(0);
}
char *format_header(uname_field)
register char *uname_field;
{
static char Header[128];
snprintf(Header, sizeof(Header), smpmode ? smp_header : up_header,
namelength, namelength, uname_field);
cmdlengthdelta = strlen(Header) - 7;
return Header;
}
static int swappgsin = -1;
static int swappgsout = -1;
extern struct timeval timeout;
void
get_system_info(si)
struct system_info *si;
{
long total;
struct loadavg sysload;
int mib[2];
struct timeval boottime;
size_t bt_size;
/* get the cp_time array */
GETSYSCTL("kern.cp_time", cp_time);
GETSYSCTL("vm.loadavg", sysload);
GETSYSCTL("kern.lastpid", lastpid);
/* convert load averages to doubles */
{
register int i;
register double *infoloadp;
infoloadp = si->load_avg;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
#ifdef notyet
*infoloadp++ = ((double) sysload.ldavg[i]) / sysload.fscale;
#endif
*infoloadp++ = loaddouble(sysload.ldavg[i]);
}
}
/* convert cp_time counts to percentages */
total = percentages(CPUSTATES, cpu_states, cp_time, cp_old, cp_diff);
/* sum memory & swap statistics */
{
static unsigned int swap_delay = 0;
static int swapavail = 0;
static int swapfree = 0;
static int bufspace = 0;
static int nspgsin, nspgsout;
GETSYSCTL("vfs.bufspace", bufspace);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_active_count", memory_stats[0]);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count", memory_stats[1]);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count", memory_stats[2]);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_cache_count", memory_stats[3]);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_free_count", memory_stats[5]);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin", nspgsin);
GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout", nspgsout);
/* convert memory stats to Kbytes */
memory_stats[0] = pagetok(memory_stats[0]);
memory_stats[1] = pagetok(memory_stats[1]);
memory_stats[2] = pagetok(memory_stats[2]);
memory_stats[3] = pagetok(memory_stats[3]);
memory_stats[4] = bufspace / 1024;
memory_stats[5] = pagetok(memory_stats[5]);
memory_stats[6] = -1;
/* first interval */
if (swappgsin < 0) {
swap_stats[4] = 0;
swap_stats[5] = 0;
}
/* compute differences between old and new swap statistic */
else {
swap_stats[4] = pagetok(((nspgsin - swappgsin)));
swap_stats[5] = pagetok(((nspgsout - swappgsout)));
}
swappgsin = nspgsin;
swappgsout = nspgsout;
/* call CPU heavy swapmode() only for changes */
if (swap_stats[4] > 0 || swap_stats[5] > 0 || swap_delay == 0) {
swap_stats[3] = swapmode(&swapavail, &swapfree);
swap_stats[0] = swapavail;
swap_stats[1] = swapavail - swapfree;
swap_stats[2] = swapfree;
}
swap_delay = 1;
swap_stats[6] = -1;
}
/* set arrays and strings */
si->cpustates = cpu_states;
si->memory = memory_stats;
si->swap = swap_stats;
if(lastpid > 0) {
si->last_pid = lastpid;
} else {
si->last_pid = -1;
}
/*
* Print how long system has been up.
* (Found by looking getting "boottime" from the kernel)
*/
mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
bt_size = sizeof(boottime);
if (sysctl(mib, 2, &boottime, &bt_size, NULL, 0) != -1 &&
boottime.tv_sec != 0) {
si->boottime = boottime;
} else {
si->boottime.tv_sec = -1;
}
}
static struct handle handle;
caddr_t get_process_info(si, sel, compare)
struct system_info *si;
struct process_select *sel;
int (*compare)();
{
register int i;
register int total_procs;
register int active_procs;
register struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
register struct kinfo_proc *pp;
/* these are copied out of sel for speed */
int show_idle;
int show_self;
int show_system;
int show_uid;
int show_command;
pbase = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nproc);
if (nproc > onproc)
pref = (struct kinfo_proc **) realloc(pref, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc *)
* (onproc = nproc));
if (pref == NULL || pbase == NULL) {
(void) fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
quit(23);
}
/* get a pointer to the states summary array */
si->procstates = process_states;
/* set up flags which define what we are going to select */
show_idle = sel->idle;
show_self = sel->self;
show_system = sel->system;
show_uid = sel->uid != -1;
show_command = sel->command != NULL;
/* count up process states and get pointers to interesting procs */
total_procs = 0;
active_procs = 0;
memset((char *)process_states, 0, sizeof(process_states));
prefp = pref;
for (pp = pbase, i = 0; i < nproc; pp++, i++)
{
/*
* Place pointers to each valid proc structure in pref[].
* Process slots that are actually in use have a non-zero
* status field. Processes with P_SYSTEM set are system
* processes---these get ignored unless show_sysprocs is set.
*/
if (pp->ki_stat != 0 &&
(show_self != pp->ki_pid) &&
(show_system || ((pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0)))
{
total_procs++;
process_states[(unsigned char) pp->ki_stat]++;
if ((pp->ki_stat != SZOMB) &&
(show_idle || (pp->ki_pctcpu != 0) ||
(pp->ki_stat == SRUN)) &&
(!show_uid || pp->ki_ruid == (uid_t)sel->uid))
{
*prefp++ = pp;
active_procs++;
}
}
}
/* if requested, sort the "interesting" processes */
if (compare != NULL)
{
qsort((char *)pref, active_procs, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc *), compare);
}
/* remember active and total counts */
si->p_total = total_procs;
si->p_active = pref_len = active_procs;
/* pass back a handle */
handle.next_proc = pref;
handle.remaining = active_procs;
return((caddr_t)&handle);
}
char fmt[128]; /* static area where result is built */
char *format_next_process(handle, get_userid)
caddr_t handle;
char *(*get_userid)();
{
register struct kinfo_proc *pp;
register long cputime;
register double pct;
struct handle *hp;
char status[16];
int state;
/* find and remember the next proc structure */
hp = (struct handle *)handle;
pp = *(hp->next_proc++);
hp->remaining--;
/* get the process's command name */
if ((pp->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM) == 0) {
/*
* Print swapped processes as <pname>
*/
char *comm = pp->ki_comm;
#define COMSIZ sizeof(pp->ki_comm)
char buf[COMSIZ];
(void) strncpy(buf, comm, COMSIZ);
comm[0] = '<';
(void) strncpy(&comm[1], buf, COMSIZ - 2);
comm[COMSIZ - 2] = '\0';
(void) strncat(comm, ">", COMSIZ - 1);
comm[COMSIZ - 1] = '\0';
}
/*
* Convert the process's runtime from microseconds to seconds. This
* time includes the interrupt time although that is not wanted here.
* ps(1) is similarly sloppy.
*/
cputime = (pp->ki_runtime + 500000) / 1000000;
/* calculate the base for cpu percentages */
pct = pctdouble(pp->ki_pctcpu);
/* generate "STATE" field */
switch (state = pp->ki_stat) {
case SRUN:
if (smpmode && pp->ki_oncpu != 0xff)
sprintf(status, "CPU%d", pp->ki_oncpu);
else
strcpy(status, "RUN");
break;
case SMTX:
if (pp->ki_kiflag & KI_MTXBLOCK) {
sprintf(status, "*%.6s", pp->ki_mtxname);
break;
}
/* fall through */
case SSLEEP:
if (pp->ki_wmesg != NULL) {
sprintf(status, "%.6s", pp->ki_wmesg);
break;
}
/* FALLTHROUGH */
default:
if (state >= 0 &&
state < sizeof(state_abbrev) / sizeof(*state_abbrev))
sprintf(status, "%.6s", state_abbrev[(unsigned char) state]);
else
sprintf(status, "?%5d", state);
break;
}
/* format this entry */
sprintf(fmt,
smpmode ? smp_Proc_format : up_Proc_format,
pp->ki_pid,
namelength, namelength,
(*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid),
pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PZERO,
/*
* normal time -> nice value -20 - +20
* real time 0 - 31 -> nice value -52 - -21
* idle time 0 - 31 -> nice value +21 - +52
*/
(pp->ki_pri.pri_class == PRI_TIMESHARE ?
pp->ki_nice - NZERO :
(PRI_IS_REALTIME(pp->ki_pri.pri_class) ?
(PRIO_MIN - 1 - (PRI_MAX_REALTIME - pp->ki_pri.pri_level)) :
(PRIO_MAX + 1 + pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PRI_MIN_IDLE))),
format_k2(PROCSIZE(pp)),
format_k2(pagetok(pp->ki_rssize)),
status,
smpmode ? pp->ki_lastcpu : 0,
format_time(cputime),
100.0 * weighted_cpu(pct, pp),
100.0 * pct,
screen_width > cmdlengthdelta ?
screen_width - cmdlengthdelta :
0,
printable(pp->ki_comm));
/* return the result */
return(fmt);
}
static void getsysctl (name, ptr, len)
char *name;
void *ptr;
size_t len;
{
size_t nlen = len;
if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) failed: %s\n", name,
strerror(errno));
quit(23);
}
if (nlen != len) {
fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) expected %lu, got %lu\n", name,
(unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
quit(23);
}
}
/* comparison routines for qsort */
/*
* proc_compare - comparison function for "qsort"
* Compares the resource consumption of two processes using five
* distinct keys. The keys (in descending order of importance) are:
* percent cpu, cpu ticks, state, resident set size, total virtual
* memory usage. The process states are ordered as follows (from least
* to most important): WAIT, zombie, sleep, stop, start, run. The
* array declaration below maps a process state index into a number
* that reflects this ordering.
*/
static unsigned char sorted_state[] =
{
0, /* not used */
3, /* sleep */
1, /* ABANDONED (WAIT) */
6, /* run */
5, /* start */
2, /* zombie */
4 /* stop */
};
#define ORDERKEY_PCTCPU \
if (lresult = (long) p2->ki_pctcpu - (long) p1->ki_pctcpu, \
(result = lresult > 0 ? 1 : lresult < 0 ? -1 : 0) == 0)
#define ORDERKEY_CPTICKS \
if ((result = p2->ki_runtime > p1->ki_runtime ? 1 : \
p2->ki_runtime < p1->ki_runtime ? -1 : 0) == 0)
#define ORDERKEY_STATE \
if ((result = sorted_state[(unsigned char) p2->ki_stat] - \
sorted_state[(unsigned char) p1->ki_stat]) == 0)
#define ORDERKEY_PRIO \
if ((result = p2->ki_pri.pri_level - p1->ki_pri.pri_level) == 0)
#define ORDERKEY_RSSIZE \
if ((result = p2->ki_rssize - p1->ki_rssize) == 0)
#define ORDERKEY_MEM \
if ( (result = PROCSIZE(p2) - PROCSIZE(p1)) == 0 )
/* compare_cpu - the comparison function for sorting by cpu percentage */
int
#ifdef ORDER
compare_cpu(pp1, pp2)
#else
proc_compare(pp1, pp2)
#endif
struct proc **pp1;
struct proc **pp2;
{
register struct kinfo_proc *p1;
register struct kinfo_proc *p2;
register int result;
register pctcpu lresult;
/* remove one level of indirection */
p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp1;
p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp2;
ORDERKEY_PCTCPU
ORDERKEY_CPTICKS
ORDERKEY_STATE
ORDERKEY_PRIO
ORDERKEY_RSSIZE
ORDERKEY_MEM
;
return(result);
}
#ifdef ORDER
/* compare routines */
int compare_size(), compare_res(), compare_time(), compare_prio();
int (*proc_compares[])() = {
compare_cpu,
compare_size,
compare_res,
compare_time,
compare_prio,
NULL
};
/* compare_size - the comparison function for sorting by total memory usage */
int
compare_size(pp1, pp2)
struct proc **pp1;
struct proc **pp2;
{
register struct kinfo_proc *p1;
register struct kinfo_proc *p2;
register int result;
register pctcpu lresult;
/* remove one level of indirection */
p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp1;
p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp2;
ORDERKEY_MEM
ORDERKEY_RSSIZE
ORDERKEY_PCTCPU
ORDERKEY_CPTICKS
ORDERKEY_STATE
ORDERKEY_PRIO
;
return(result);
}
/* compare_res - the comparison function for sorting by resident set size */
int
compare_res(pp1, pp2)
struct proc **pp1;
struct proc **pp2;
{
register struct kinfo_proc *p1;
register struct kinfo_proc *p2;
register int result;
register pctcpu lresult;
/* remove one level of indirection */
p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp1;
p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp2;
ORDERKEY_RSSIZE
ORDERKEY_MEM
ORDERKEY_PCTCPU
ORDERKEY_CPTICKS
ORDERKEY_STATE
ORDERKEY_PRIO
;
return(result);
}
/* compare_time - the comparison function for sorting by total cpu time */
int
compare_time(pp1, pp2)
struct proc **pp1;
struct proc **pp2;
{
register struct kinfo_proc *p1;
register struct kinfo_proc *p2;
register int result;
register pctcpu lresult;
/* remove one level of indirection */
p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp1;
p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp2;
ORDERKEY_CPTICKS
ORDERKEY_PCTCPU
ORDERKEY_STATE
ORDERKEY_PRIO
ORDERKEY_RSSIZE
ORDERKEY_MEM
;
return(result);
}
/* compare_prio - the comparison function for sorting by cpu percentage */
int
compare_prio(pp1, pp2)
struct proc **pp1;
struct proc **pp2;
{
register struct kinfo_proc *p1;
register struct kinfo_proc *p2;
register int result;
register pctcpu lresult;
/* remove one level of indirection */
p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp1;
p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **) pp2;
ORDERKEY_PRIO
ORDERKEY_CPTICKS
ORDERKEY_PCTCPU
ORDERKEY_STATE
ORDERKEY_RSSIZE
ORDERKEY_MEM
;
return(result);
}
#endif
/*
* proc_owner(pid) - returns the uid that owns process "pid", or -1 if
* the process does not exist.
* It is EXTREMLY IMPORTANT that this function work correctly.
* If top runs setuid root (as in SVR4), then this function
* is the only thing that stands in the way of a serious
* security problem. It validates requests for the "kill"
* and "renice" commands.
*/
int proc_owner(pid)
int pid;
{
register int cnt;
register struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
register struct kinfo_proc *pp;
prefp = pref;
cnt = pref_len;
while (--cnt >= 0)
{
pp = *prefp++;
if (pp->ki_pid == (pid_t)pid)
{
return((int)pp->ki_ruid);
}
}
return(-1);
}
int
swapmode(retavail, retfree)
int *retavail;
int *retfree;
{
int n;
int pagesize = getpagesize();
struct kvm_swap swapary[1];
*retavail = 0;
*retfree = 0;
#define CONVERT(v) ((quad_t)(v) * pagesize / 1024)
n = kvm_getswapinfo(kd, swapary, 1, 0);
if (n < 0 || swapary[0].ksw_total == 0)
return(0);
*retavail = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total);
*retfree = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total - swapary[0].ksw_used);
n = (int)((double)swapary[0].ksw_used * 100.0 /
(double)swapary[0].ksw_total);
return(n);
}
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