mirror of
https://git.FreeBSD.org/src.git
synced 2024-12-24 11:29:10 +00:00
346 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
346 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd June 6, 2001
|
|
.Dt LPD 8
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm lpd
|
|
.Nd line printer spooler daemon
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Fl cdlpsW46
|
|
.Op Ar port#
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility
|
|
is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked
|
|
at boot time from the
|
|
.Xr rc 8
|
|
file.
|
|
It makes a single pass through the
|
|
.Xr printcap 5
|
|
file to find out about the existing printers and
|
|
prints any files left after a crash.
|
|
It then uses the system calls
|
|
.Xr listen 2
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr accept 2
|
|
to receive requests to print files in the queue,
|
|
transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue,
|
|
or remove jobs from the queue.
|
|
In each case, it forks a child to handle
|
|
the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Available options:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
By default, if some remote host has a connection error while trying to
|
|
send a print request to
|
|
.Nm
|
|
on a local host,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will only send error message to that remote host.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
flag causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to also log all of those connection errors via
|
|
.Xr syslog 3 .
|
|
.It Fl d
|
|
Turn on
|
|
.Dv SO_DEBUG
|
|
on the Internet listening socket (see
|
|
.Xr setsockopt 2 ) .
|
|
.It Fl l
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl l
|
|
flag causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to log valid requests received from the network.
|
|
This can be useful
|
|
for debugging purposes.
|
|
.It Fl p
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
flag is a synonym for the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
flag.
|
|
It is being deprecated, and may be removed in a
|
|
future version of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
(secure) flag causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
not to open an Internet listening socket.
|
|
This means that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will not accept any connections from any remote
|
|
hosts, although it will still accept print requests
|
|
from all local users.
|
|
.It Fl W
|
|
By default, the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon will only accept connections which originate
|
|
from a reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl W
|
|
flag causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to accept connections coming from any port.
|
|
This is can be useful when you want to accept print jobs
|
|
from certain implementations of lpr written for Windows.
|
|
.It Fl 4
|
|
Inet only.
|
|
.It Fl 6
|
|
Inet6 only.
|
|
.It Fl 46
|
|
Inet and inet6 (default).
|
|
.It Ar "port#"
|
|
The Internet port number used to rendezvous
|
|
with other processes is normally obtained with
|
|
.Xr getservbyname 3
|
|
but can be changed with the
|
|
.Ar port#
|
|
argument.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Access control is provided by two means.
|
|
First, all requests must come from
|
|
one of the machines listed in the file
|
|
.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv
|
|
or
|
|
.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd .
|
|
Second, if the
|
|
.Li rs
|
|
capability is specified in the
|
|
.Xr printcap 5
|
|
entry for the printer being accessed,
|
|
.Em lpr
|
|
requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the
|
|
machine with the printer.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The file
|
|
.Em minfree
|
|
in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free
|
|
so that the line printer queue will not completely fill the disk.
|
|
The
|
|
.Em minfree
|
|
file can be edited with your favorite text editor.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The daemon begins processing files
|
|
after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive
|
|
access (described a bit later),
|
|
and scans the spool directory
|
|
for files beginning with
|
|
.Em cf .
|
|
Lines in each
|
|
.Em cf
|
|
file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be
|
|
performed.
|
|
Each such line begins with a key character
|
|
to specify what to do with the remainder of the line.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It J
|
|
Job Name.
|
|
String to be used for the job name on the burst page.
|
|
.It C
|
|
Classification.
|
|
String to be used for the classification line
|
|
on the burst page.
|
|
.It L
|
|
Literal.
|
|
The line contains identification info from
|
|
the password file and causes the banner page to be printed.
|
|
.It T
|
|
Title.
|
|
String to be used as the title for
|
|
.Xr pr 1 .
|
|
.It H
|
|
Host Name.
|
|
Name of the machine where
|
|
.Xr lpr 1
|
|
was invoked.
|
|
.It P
|
|
Person.
|
|
Login name of the person who invoked
|
|
.Xr lpr 1 .
|
|
This is used to verify ownership by
|
|
.Xr lprm 1 .
|
|
.It M
|
|
Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes.
|
|
.It f
|
|
Formatted File.
|
|
Name of a file to print which is already formatted.
|
|
.It l
|
|
Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks.
|
|
.It p
|
|
Name of a file to print using
|
|
.Xr pr 1
|
|
as a filter.
|
|
.It t
|
|
Troff File.
|
|
The file contains
|
|
.Xr troff 1
|
|
output (cat phototypesetter commands).
|
|
.It n
|
|
Ditroff File.
|
|
The file contains device independent troff
|
|
output.
|
|
.It r
|
|
DVI File.
|
|
The file contains
|
|
.Tn Tex l
|
|
output
|
|
DVI format from Stanford.
|
|
.It g
|
|
Graph File.
|
|
The file contains data produced by
|
|
.Xr plot 3 .
|
|
.It c
|
|
Cifplot File.
|
|
The file contains data produced by
|
|
.Em cifplot .
|
|
.It v
|
|
The file contains a raster image.
|
|
.It r
|
|
The file contains text data with
|
|
FORTRAN carriage control characters.
|
|
.It \&1
|
|
Troff Font R.
|
|
Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
|
|
.It \&2
|
|
Troff Font I.
|
|
Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
|
|
.It \&3
|
|
Troff Font B.
|
|
Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
|
|
.It \&4
|
|
Troff Font S.
|
|
Name of the font file to use instead of the default.
|
|
.It W
|
|
Width.
|
|
Changes the page width (in characters) used by
|
|
.Xr pr 1
|
|
and the text filters.
|
|
.It I
|
|
Indent.
|
|
The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII).
|
|
.It U
|
|
Unlink.
|
|
Name of file to remove upon completion of printing.
|
|
.It N
|
|
File name.
|
|
The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank
|
|
for the standard input (when
|
|
.Xr lpr 1
|
|
is invoked in a pipeline).
|
|
.It Z
|
|
Locale.
|
|
String to be used as the locale for
|
|
.Xr pr 1 .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via
|
|
.Xr syslog 3
|
|
using the
|
|
.Em LOG_LPR
|
|
facility.
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility will try up to 20 times
|
|
to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will
|
|
skip the file to be printed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility uses
|
|
.Xr flock 2
|
|
to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple
|
|
daemons from becoming active simultaneously.
|
|
If the daemon should be killed
|
|
or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed.
|
|
The lock file is kept in a readable
|
|
.Tn ASCII
|
|
form
|
|
and contains two lines.
|
|
The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control
|
|
file name of the current job being printed.
|
|
The second line is updated to
|
|
reflect the current status of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
for the programs
|
|
.Xr lpq 1
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr lprm 1 .
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact
|
|
.It Pa /etc/printcap
|
|
printer description file
|
|
.It Pa /var/spool/*
|
|
spool directories
|
|
.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree
|
|
minimum free space to leave
|
|
.It Pa /dev/lp*
|
|
line printer devices
|
|
.It Pa /var/run/printer
|
|
socket for local requests
|
|
.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv
|
|
lists machine names allowed printer access
|
|
.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd
|
|
lists machine names allowed printer access,
|
|
but not under same administrative control.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr lpq 1 ,
|
|
.Xr lpr 1 ,
|
|
.Xr lprm 1 ,
|
|
.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
|
|
.Xr syslog 3 ,
|
|
.Xr hosts.lpd 5 ,
|
|
.Xr printcap 5 ,
|
|
.Xr chkprintcap 8 ,
|
|
.Xr lpc 8 ,
|
|
.Xr pac 8
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual"
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
An
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.
|