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ccb174975a
ufs_read() and ufs_write(). Found by: looking at warnings for comparing the result of lblktosize() (which is usually daddr_t = long) with file sizes (which are u_quad_t for ufs). File sizes should probably be off_t's to avoid warnings when the are compared with file offsets, so the fixed lblktosize() casts to off_t instead of u_quad_t. Added definition of smalllblksize(). It is the same as the old lblksize() and is more efficient for small block numbers on 32-bit machines. Use smalllblktosize() instead of its expansion in blksize() and dblksize(). This keeps the line length short and makes it more obvious that the shift can't overflow.
499 lines
20 KiB
C
499 lines
20 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1993
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* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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* must display the following acknowledgement:
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* This product includes software developed by the University of
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* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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* without specific prior written permission.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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* SUCH DAMAGE.
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*
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* @(#)fs.h 8.7 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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* $Id: fs.h,v 1.6 1996/01/30 23:02:01 mpp Exp $
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*/
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#ifndef _UFS_FFS_FS_H_
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#define _UFS_FFS_FS_H_
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/*
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* Each disk drive contains some number of file systems.
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* A file system consists of a number of cylinder groups.
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* Each cylinder group has inodes and data.
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*
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* A file system is described by its super-block, which in turn
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* describes the cylinder groups. The super-block is critical
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* data and is replicated in each cylinder group to protect against
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* catastrophic loss. This is done at `newfs' time and the critical
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* super-block data does not change, so the copies need not be
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* referenced further unless disaster strikes.
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*
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* For file system fs, the offsets of the various blocks of interest
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* are given in the super block as:
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* [fs->fs_sblkno] Super-block
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* [fs->fs_cblkno] Cylinder group block
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* [fs->fs_iblkno] Inode blocks
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* [fs->fs_dblkno] Data blocks
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* The beginning of cylinder group cg in fs, is given by
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* the ``cgbase(fs, cg)'' macro.
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*
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* The first boot and super blocks are given in absolute disk addresses.
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* The byte-offset forms are preferred, as they don't imply a sector size.
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*/
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#define BBSIZE 8192
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#define SBSIZE 8192
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#define BBOFF ((off_t)(0))
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#define SBOFF ((off_t)(BBOFF + BBSIZE))
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#define BBLOCK ((daddr_t)(0))
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#define SBLOCK ((daddr_t)(BBLOCK + BBSIZE / DEV_BSIZE))
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/*
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* Addresses stored in inodes are capable of addressing fragments
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* of `blocks'. File system blocks of at most size MAXBSIZE can
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* be optionally broken into 2, 4, or 8 pieces, each of which is
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* addressable; these pieces may be DEV_BSIZE, or some multiple of
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* a DEV_BSIZE unit.
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*
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* Large files consist of exclusively large data blocks. To avoid
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* undue wasted disk space, the last data block of a small file may be
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* allocated as only as many fragments of a large block as are
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* necessary. The file system format retains only a single pointer
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* to such a fragment, which is a piece of a single large block that
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* has been divided. The size of such a fragment is determinable from
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* information in the inode, using the ``blksize(fs, ip, lbn)'' macro.
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*
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* The file system records space availability at the fragment level;
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* to determine block availability, aligned fragments are examined.
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*/
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/*
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* MINBSIZE is the smallest allowable block size.
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* In order to insure that it is possible to create files of size
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* 2^32 with only two levels of indirection, MINBSIZE is set to 4096.
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* MINBSIZE must be big enough to hold a cylinder group block,
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* thus changes to (struct cg) must keep its size within MINBSIZE.
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* Note that super blocks are always of size SBSIZE,
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* and that both SBSIZE and MAXBSIZE must be >= MINBSIZE.
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*/
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#define MINBSIZE 4096
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/*
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* The path name on which the file system is mounted is maintained
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* in fs_fsmnt. MAXMNTLEN defines the amount of space allocated in
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* the super block for this name.
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* The limit on the amount of summary information per file system
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* is defined by MAXCSBUFS. It is currently parameterized for a
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* maximum of two million cylinders.
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*/
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#define MAXMNTLEN 512
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#define MAXCSBUFS 32
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/*
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* A summary of contiguous blocks of various sizes is maintained
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* in each cylinder group. Normally this is set by the initial
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* value of fs_maxcontig. To conserve space, a maximum summary size
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* is set by FS_MAXCONTIG.
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*/
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#define FS_MAXCONTIG 16
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/*
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* MINFREE gives the minimum acceptable percentage of file system
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* blocks which may be free. If the freelist drops below this level
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* only the superuser may continue to allocate blocks. This may
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* be set to 0 if no reserve of free blocks is deemed necessary,
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* however throughput drops by fifty percent if the file system
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* is run at between 95% and 100% full; thus the minimum default
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* value of fs_minfree is 5%. However, to get good clustering
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* performance, 10% is a better choice. hence we use 10% as our
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* default value. With 10% free space, fragmentation is not a
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* problem, so we choose to optimize for time.
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*/
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#define MINFREE 8
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#define DEFAULTOPT FS_OPTTIME
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/*
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* Per cylinder group information; summarized in blocks allocated
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* from first cylinder group data blocks. These blocks have to be
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* read in from fs_csaddr (size fs_cssize) in addition to the
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* super block.
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*
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* N.B. sizeof(struct csum) must be a power of two in order for
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* the ``fs_cs'' macro to work (see below).
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*/
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struct csum {
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long cs_ndir; /* number of directories */
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long cs_nbfree; /* number of free blocks */
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long cs_nifree; /* number of free inodes */
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long cs_nffree; /* number of free frags */
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};
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/*
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* Super block for a file system.
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*/
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struct fs {
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struct fs *fs_link; /* linked list of file systems */
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struct fs *fs_rlink; /* used for incore super blocks */
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daddr_t fs_sblkno; /* addr of super-block in filesys */
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daddr_t fs_cblkno; /* offset of cyl-block in filesys */
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daddr_t fs_iblkno; /* offset of inode-blocks in filesys */
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daddr_t fs_dblkno; /* offset of first data after cg */
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long fs_cgoffset; /* cylinder group offset in cylinder */
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long fs_cgmask; /* used to calc mod fs_ntrak */
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time_t fs_time; /* last time written */
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long fs_size; /* number of blocks in fs */
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long fs_dsize; /* number of data blocks in fs */
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long fs_ncg; /* number of cylinder groups */
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long fs_bsize; /* size of basic blocks in fs */
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long fs_fsize; /* size of frag blocks in fs */
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long fs_frag; /* number of frags in a block in fs */
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/* these are configuration parameters */
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long fs_minfree; /* minimum percentage of free blocks */
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long fs_rotdelay; /* num of ms for optimal next block */
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long fs_rps; /* disk revolutions per second */
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/* these fields can be computed from the others */
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long fs_bmask; /* ``blkoff'' calc of blk offsets */
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long fs_fmask; /* ``fragoff'' calc of frag offsets */
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long fs_bshift; /* ``lblkno'' calc of logical blkno */
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long fs_fshift; /* ``numfrags'' calc number of frags */
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/* these are configuration parameters */
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long fs_maxcontig; /* max number of contiguous blks */
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long fs_maxbpg; /* max number of blks per cyl group */
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/* these fields can be computed from the others */
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long fs_fragshift; /* block to frag shift */
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long fs_fsbtodb; /* fsbtodb and dbtofsb shift constant */
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long fs_sbsize; /* actual size of super block */
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long fs_csmask; /* csum block offset */
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long fs_csshift; /* csum block number */
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long fs_nindir; /* value of NINDIR */
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long fs_inopb; /* value of INOPB */
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long fs_nspf; /* value of NSPF */
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/* yet another configuration parameter */
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long fs_optim; /* optimization preference, see below */
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/* these fields are derived from the hardware */
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long fs_npsect; /* # sectors/track including spares */
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long fs_interleave; /* hardware sector interleave */
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long fs_trackskew; /* sector 0 skew, per track */
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long fs_headswitch; /* head switch time, usec */
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long fs_trkseek; /* track-to-track seek, usec */
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/* sizes determined by number of cylinder groups and their sizes */
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daddr_t fs_csaddr; /* blk addr of cyl grp summary area */
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long fs_cssize; /* size of cyl grp summary area */
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long fs_cgsize; /* cylinder group size */
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/* these fields are derived from the hardware */
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long fs_ntrak; /* tracks per cylinder */
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long fs_nsect; /* sectors per track */
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long fs_spc; /* sectors per cylinder */
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/* this comes from the disk driver partitioning */
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long fs_ncyl; /* cylinders in file system */
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/* these fields can be computed from the others */
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long fs_cpg; /* cylinders per group */
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long fs_ipg; /* inodes per group */
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long fs_fpg; /* blocks per group * fs_frag */
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/* this data must be re-computed after crashes */
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struct csum fs_cstotal; /* cylinder summary information */
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/* these fields are cleared at mount time */
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char fs_fmod; /* super block modified flag */
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char fs_clean; /* file system is clean flag */
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char fs_ronly; /* mounted read-only flag */
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char fs_flags; /* currently unused flag */
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char fs_fsmnt[MAXMNTLEN]; /* name mounted on */
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/* these fields retain the current block allocation info */
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long fs_cgrotor; /* last cg searched */
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struct csum *fs_csp[MAXCSBUFS];/* list of fs_cs info buffers */
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long fs_cpc; /* cyl per cycle in postbl */
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short fs_opostbl[16][8]; /* old rotation block list head */
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long fs_sparecon[50]; /* reserved for future constants */
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long fs_contigsumsize; /* size of cluster summary array */
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long fs_maxsymlinklen; /* max length of an internal symlink */
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long fs_inodefmt; /* format of on-disk inodes */
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u_quad_t fs_maxfilesize; /* maximum representable file size */
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quad_t fs_qbmask; /* ~fs_bmask - for use with quad size */
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quad_t fs_qfmask; /* ~fs_fmask - for use with quad size */
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long fs_state; /* validate fs_clean field */
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long fs_postblformat; /* format of positional layout tables */
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long fs_nrpos; /* number of rotational positions */
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long fs_postbloff; /* (short) rotation block list head */
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long fs_rotbloff; /* (u_char) blocks for each rotation */
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long fs_magic; /* magic number */
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u_char fs_space[1]; /* list of blocks for each rotation */
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/* actually longer */
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};
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/*
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* Filesystem identification
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*/
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#define FS_MAGIC 0x011954 /* the fast filesystem magic number */
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#define FS_OKAY 0x7c269d38 /* superblock checksum */
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#define FS_42INODEFMT -1 /* 4.2BSD inode format */
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#define FS_44INODEFMT 2 /* 4.4BSD inode format */
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/*
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* Preference for optimization.
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*/
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#define FS_OPTTIME 0 /* minimize allocation time */
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#define FS_OPTSPACE 1 /* minimize disk fragmentation */
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/*
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* Rotational layout table format types
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*/
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#define FS_42POSTBLFMT -1 /* 4.2BSD rotational table format */
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#define FS_DYNAMICPOSTBLFMT 1 /* dynamic rotational table format */
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/*
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* Macros for access to superblock array structures
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*/
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#define fs_postbl(fs, cylno) \
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(((fs)->fs_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT) \
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? ((fs)->fs_opostbl[cylno]) \
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: ((short *)((char *)(fs) + (fs)->fs_postbloff) + (cylno) * (fs)->fs_nrpos))
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#define fs_rotbl(fs) \
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(((fs)->fs_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT) \
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? ((fs)->fs_space) \
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: ((u_char *)((char *)(fs) + (fs)->fs_rotbloff)))
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/*
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* The size of a cylinder group is calculated by CGSIZE. The maximum size
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* is limited by the fact that cylinder groups are at most one block.
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* Its size is derived from the size of the maps maintained in the
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* cylinder group and the (struct cg) size.
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*/
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#define CGSIZE(fs) \
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/* base cg */ (sizeof(struct cg) + sizeof(long) + \
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/* blktot size */ (fs)->fs_cpg * sizeof(long) + \
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/* blks size */ (fs)->fs_cpg * (fs)->fs_nrpos * sizeof(short) + \
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/* inode map */ howmany((fs)->fs_ipg, NBBY) + \
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/* block map */ howmany((fs)->fs_cpg * (fs)->fs_spc / NSPF(fs), NBBY) +\
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/* if present */ ((fs)->fs_contigsumsize <= 0 ? 0 : \
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/* cluster sum */ (fs)->fs_contigsumsize * sizeof(long) + \
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/* cluster map */ howmany((fs)->fs_cpg * (fs)->fs_spc / NSPB(fs), NBBY)))
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/*
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* Convert cylinder group to base address of its global summary info.
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*
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* N.B. This macro assumes that sizeof(struct csum) is a power of two.
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*/
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#define fs_cs(fs, indx) \
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fs_csp[(indx) >> (fs)->fs_csshift][(indx) & ~(fs)->fs_csmask]
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/*
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* Cylinder group block for a file system.
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*/
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#define CG_MAGIC 0x090255
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struct cg {
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struct cg *cg_link; /* linked list of cyl groups */
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long cg_magic; /* magic number */
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time_t cg_time; /* time last written */
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long cg_cgx; /* we are the cgx'th cylinder group */
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short cg_ncyl; /* number of cyl's this cg */
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short cg_niblk; /* number of inode blocks this cg */
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long cg_ndblk; /* number of data blocks this cg */
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struct csum cg_cs; /* cylinder summary information */
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long cg_rotor; /* position of last used block */
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long cg_frotor; /* position of last used frag */
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long cg_irotor; /* position of last used inode */
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long cg_frsum[MAXFRAG]; /* counts of available frags */
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long cg_btotoff; /* (long) block totals per cylinder */
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long cg_boff; /* (short) free block positions */
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long cg_iusedoff; /* (char) used inode map */
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long cg_freeoff; /* (u_char) free block map */
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long cg_nextfreeoff; /* (u_char) next available space */
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long cg_clustersumoff; /* (long) counts of avail clusters */
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long cg_clusteroff; /* (char) free cluster map */
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long cg_nclusterblks; /* number of clusters this cg */
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long cg_sparecon[13]; /* reserved for future use */
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u_char cg_space[1]; /* space for cylinder group maps */
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/* actually longer */
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};
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/*
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* Macros for access to cylinder group array structures
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*/
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#define cg_blktot(cgp) \
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(((cgp)->cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) \
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? (((struct ocg *)(cgp))->cg_btot) \
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: ((long *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_btotoff)))
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#define cg_blks(fs, cgp, cylno) \
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(((cgp)->cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) \
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? (((struct ocg *)(cgp))->cg_b[cylno]) \
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: ((short *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_boff) + (cylno) * (fs)->fs_nrpos))
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#define cg_inosused(cgp) \
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(((cgp)->cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) \
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? (((struct ocg *)(cgp))->cg_iused) \
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: ((char *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_iusedoff)))
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#define cg_blksfree(cgp) \
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(((cgp)->cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) \
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? (((struct ocg *)(cgp))->cg_free) \
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: ((u_char *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_freeoff)))
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#define cg_chkmagic(cgp) \
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((cgp)->cg_magic == CG_MAGIC || ((struct ocg *)(cgp))->cg_magic == CG_MAGIC)
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#define cg_clustersfree(cgp) \
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((u_char *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_clusteroff))
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#define cg_clustersum(cgp) \
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((long *)((char *)(cgp) + (cgp)->cg_clustersumoff))
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/*
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* The following structure is defined
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* for compatibility with old file systems.
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*/
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struct ocg {
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struct ocg *cg_link; /* linked list of cyl groups */
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struct ocg *cg_rlink; /* used for incore cyl groups */
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time_t cg_time; /* time last written */
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long cg_cgx; /* we are the cgx'th cylinder group */
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short cg_ncyl; /* number of cyl's this cg */
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short cg_niblk; /* number of inode blocks this cg */
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long cg_ndblk; /* number of data blocks this cg */
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struct csum cg_cs; /* cylinder summary information */
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long cg_rotor; /* position of last used block */
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long cg_frotor; /* position of last used frag */
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long cg_irotor; /* position of last used inode */
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long cg_frsum[8]; /* counts of available frags */
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long cg_btot[32]; /* block totals per cylinder */
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short cg_b[32][8]; /* positions of free blocks */
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char cg_iused[256]; /* used inode map */
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long cg_magic; /* magic number */
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u_char cg_free[1]; /* free block map */
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/* actually longer */
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};
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/*
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* Turn file system block numbers into disk block addresses.
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* This maps file system blocks to device size blocks.
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*/
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#define fsbtodb(fs, b) ((b) << (fs)->fs_fsbtodb)
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#define dbtofsb(fs, b) ((b) >> (fs)->fs_fsbtodb)
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/*
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* Cylinder group macros to locate things in cylinder groups.
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* They calc file system addresses of cylinder group data structures.
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*/
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#define cgbase(fs, c) ((daddr_t)((fs)->fs_fpg * (c)))
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#define cgdmin(fs, c) (cgstart(fs, c) + (fs)->fs_dblkno) /* 1st data */
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#define cgimin(fs, c) (cgstart(fs, c) + (fs)->fs_iblkno) /* inode blk */
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#define cgsblock(fs, c) (cgstart(fs, c) + (fs)->fs_sblkno) /* super blk */
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#define cgtod(fs, c) (cgstart(fs, c) + (fs)->fs_cblkno) /* cg block */
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#define cgstart(fs, c) \
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(cgbase(fs, c) + (fs)->fs_cgoffset * ((c) & ~((fs)->fs_cgmask)))
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/*
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* Macros for handling inode numbers:
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* inode number to file system block offset.
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* inode number to cylinder group number.
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* inode number to file system block address.
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*/
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#define ino_to_cg(fs, x) ((x) / (fs)->fs_ipg)
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#define ino_to_fsba(fs, x) \
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((daddr_t)(cgimin(fs, ino_to_cg(fs, x)) + \
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(blkstofrags((fs), (((x) % (fs)->fs_ipg) / INOPB(fs))))))
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|
#define ino_to_fsbo(fs, x) ((x) % INOPB(fs))
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|
|
|
/*
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|
* Give cylinder group number for a file system block.
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|
* Give cylinder group block number for a file system block.
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|
*/
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|
#define dtog(fs, d) ((d) / (fs)->fs_fpg)
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|
#define dtogd(fs, d) ((d) % (fs)->fs_fpg)
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|
|
|
/*
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|
* Extract the bits for a block from a map.
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|
* Compute the cylinder and rotational position of a cyl block addr.
|
|
*/
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|
#define blkmap(fs, map, loc) \
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|
(((map)[(loc) / NBBY] >> ((loc) % NBBY)) & (0xff >> (NBBY - (fs)->fs_frag)))
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|
#define cbtocylno(fs, bno) \
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|
((bno) * NSPF(fs) / (fs)->fs_spc)
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|
#define cbtorpos(fs, bno) \
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|
(((bno) * NSPF(fs) % (fs)->fs_spc / (fs)->fs_nsect * (fs)->fs_trackskew + \
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|
(bno) * NSPF(fs) % (fs)->fs_spc % (fs)->fs_nsect * (fs)->fs_interleave) % \
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|
(fs)->fs_nsect * (fs)->fs_nrpos / (fs)->fs_npsect)
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* The following macros optimize certain frequently calculated
|
|
* quantities by using shifts and masks in place of divisions
|
|
* modulos and multiplications.
|
|
*/
|
|
#define blkoff(fs, loc) /* calculates (loc % fs->fs_bsize) */ \
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|
((loc) & (fs)->fs_qbmask)
|
|
#define fragoff(fs, loc) /* calculates (loc % fs->fs_fsize) */ \
|
|
((loc) & (fs)->fs_qfmask)
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|
#define lblktosize(fs, blk) /* calculates ((off_t)blk * fs->fs_bsize) */ \
|
|
((off_t)(blk) << (fs)->fs_bshift)
|
|
/* Use this only when `blk' is known to be small, e.g., < NDADDR. */
|
|
#define smalllblktosize(fs, blk) /* calculates (blk * fs->fs_bsize) */ \
|
|
((blk) << (fs)->fs_bshift)
|
|
#define lblkno(fs, loc) /* calculates (loc / fs->fs_bsize) */ \
|
|
((loc) >> (fs)->fs_bshift)
|
|
#define numfrags(fs, loc) /* calculates (loc / fs->fs_fsize) */ \
|
|
((loc) >> (fs)->fs_fshift)
|
|
#define blkroundup(fs, size) /* calculates roundup(size, fs->fs_bsize) */ \
|
|
(((size) + (fs)->fs_qbmask) & (fs)->fs_bmask)
|
|
#define fragroundup(fs, size) /* calculates roundup(size, fs->fs_fsize) */ \
|
|
(((size) + (fs)->fs_qfmask) & (fs)->fs_fmask)
|
|
#define fragstoblks(fs, frags) /* calculates (frags / fs->fs_frag) */ \
|
|
((frags) >> (fs)->fs_fragshift)
|
|
#define blkstofrags(fs, blks) /* calculates (blks * fs->fs_frag) */ \
|
|
((blks) << (fs)->fs_fragshift)
|
|
#define fragnum(fs, fsb) /* calculates (fsb % fs->fs_frag) */ \
|
|
((fsb) & ((fs)->fs_frag - 1))
|
|
#define blknum(fs, fsb) /* calculates rounddown(fsb, fs->fs_frag) */ \
|
|
((fsb) &~ ((fs)->fs_frag - 1))
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Determine the number of available frags given a
|
|
* percentage to hold in reserve
|
|
*/
|
|
#define freespace(fs, percentreserved) \
|
|
(blkstofrags((fs), (fs)->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree) + \
|
|
(fs)->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree - ((fs)->fs_dsize * (percentreserved) / 100))
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Determining the size of a file block in the file system.
|
|
*/
|
|
#define blksize(fs, ip, lbn) \
|
|
(((lbn) >= NDADDR || (ip)->i_size >= smalllblktosize(fs, (lbn) + 1)) \
|
|
? (fs)->fs_bsize \
|
|
: (fragroundup(fs, blkoff(fs, (ip)->i_size))))
|
|
#define dblksize(fs, dip, lbn) \
|
|
(((lbn) >= NDADDR || (dip)->di_size >= smalllblktosize(fs, (lbn) + 1)) \
|
|
? (fs)->fs_bsize \
|
|
: (fragroundup(fs, blkoff(fs, (dip)->di_size))))
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Number of disk sectors per block; assumes DEV_BSIZE byte sector size.
|
|
*/
|
|
#define NSPB(fs) ((fs)->fs_nspf << (fs)->fs_fragshift)
|
|
#define NSPF(fs) ((fs)->fs_nspf)
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* INOPB is the number of inodes in a secondary storage block.
|
|
*/
|
|
#define INOPB(fs) ((fs)->fs_inopb)
|
|
#define INOPF(fs) ((fs)->fs_inopb >> (fs)->fs_fragshift)
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* NINDIR is the number of indirects in a file system block.
|
|
*/
|
|
#define NINDIR(fs) ((fs)->fs_nindir)
|
|
|
|
extern int inside[], around[];
|
|
extern u_char *fragtbl[];
|
|
|
|
#endif
|