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freebsd/sbin/newfs/newfs.c
Garrett Wollman 3fa88dec7f Add support for filesystem-specific `-o' options, and re-implement the
most common cd9660 and nfs options like God intended them.  (It is now
possible to say

	mount -o ro,soft,bg,intr there:/foo/bar /foo/bar

again.)  This whole getmntopt() business is an incredible botch;
it never should have been anything more than a wrapper around
getsubopt(3).  Because if the way the current hackaround is implemented,
options which take arguments (like the old `rsize' and `wsize') are still
unavailable, and must be accessed the new, broken way.

(It's unimaginable how Berkeley managed to screw up one of the few things
about NFS that Sun actually got right to begin with!)
1994-11-01 23:51:53 +00:00

698 lines
19 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94";
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
static char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
/*
* newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#if __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#endif
#include "mntopts.h"
struct mntopt mopts[] = {
MOPT_STDOPTS,
MOPT_ASYNC,
{ NULL },
};
#if __STDC__
void fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
#else
void fatal();
#endif
#define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */
/*
* The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
* Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
* MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
* sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
* DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
*/
#define DFL_FRAGSIZE 1024
#define DFL_BLKSIZE 8192
/*
* Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
* number used depends upon how much information can be stored
* on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders
* per group.
*/
#define DESCPG 16 /* desired fs_cpg */
/*
* Once upon a time...
* ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
* another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
* determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
* within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
*
* ...but now we make this 0 to disable the rotdelay delay because
* modern drives with read/write-behind achieve higher performance
* without the delay.
*/
#define ROTDELAY 0
/*
* MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
* placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
* block worth of data blocks.
*/
#define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
/*
* Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
* We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
* to be far more than we will ever need.
*/
#define NFPI 4
/*
* Once upon a time...
* For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
* rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
* up with minimum rotational latency. NRPOS is the default number of
* rotational positions that we distinguish. With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
* of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
*
* ...but now we make this 1 (which escentially disables the rotational
* position table because modern drives with read-ahead and write-behind do
* better without the rotational position table.
*/
#define NRPOS 1 /* number distinct rotational positions */
int mfs; /* run as the memory based filesystem */
int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */
int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
int fssize; /* file system size */
int ntracks; /* # tracks/cylinder */
int nsectors; /* # sectors/track */
int nphyssectors; /* # sectors/track including spares */
int secpercyl; /* sectors per cylinder */
int trackspares = -1; /* spare sectors per track */
int cylspares = -1; /* spare sectors per cylinder */
int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
#ifdef tahoe
int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */
#endif
int rpm; /* revolutions/minute of drive */
int interleave; /* hardware sector interleave */
int trackskew = -1; /* sector 0 skew, per track */
int headswitch; /* head switch time, usec */
int trackseek; /* track-to-track seek, usec */
int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */
int bsize = 0; /* block size */
int cpg = DESCPG; /* cylinders/cylinder group */
int cpgflg; /* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */
int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
int maxcontig = 0; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
int rotdelay = ROTDELAY; /* rotational delay between blocks */
int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
int nrpos = NRPOS; /* # of distinguished rotational positions */
int bbsize = BBSIZE; /* boot block size */
int sbsize = SBSIZE; /* superblock size */
int mntflags = MNT_ASYNC; /* flags to be passed to mount */
u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */
caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */
char *filename;
#ifdef COMPAT
char *disktype;
int unlabeled;
#endif
char device[MAXPATHLEN];
char *progname;
int
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind;
register int ch;
register struct partition *pp;
register struct disklabel *lp;
struct disklabel *getdisklabel();
struct partition oldpartition;
struct stat st;
struct statfs *mp;
int fsi, fso, len, n;
char *cp, *s1, *s2, *special, *opstring, buf[BUFSIZ];
if (progname = rindex(*argv, '/'))
++progname;
else
progname = *argv;
if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
mfs = 1;
Nflag++;
}
opstring = mfs ?
"NF:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:m:o:s:" :
"NOS:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:";
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != EOF)
switch (ch) {
case 'N':
Nflag = 1;
break;
case 'O':
Oflag = 1;
break;
case 'S':
if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
break;
#ifdef COMPAT
case 'T':
disktype = optarg;
break;
#endif
case 'F':
filename = optarg;
break;
case 'a':
if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks\n",
optarg);
break;
case 'b':
if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
break;
case 'c':
if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
cpgflg++;
break;
case 'd':
if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
fatal("%s: bad rotational delay\n", optarg);
break;
case 'e':
if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group\n",
optarg);
break;
case 'f':
if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
break;
case 'i':
if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode\n", optarg);
break;
case 'k':
if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
break;
case 'l':
if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
break;
case 'm':
if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg);
break;
case 'n':
if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count\n",
optarg);
if (nrpos == 0)
nrpos = 1;
break;
case 'o':
if (mfs)
getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags, 0);
else {
if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTTIME;
else
fatal("%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'.");
}
break;
case 'p':
if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
optarg);
break;
case 'r':
if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad revolutions/minute\n", optarg);
break;
case 's':
if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
break;
case 't':
if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
break;
case 'u':
if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
break;
case 'x':
if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
optarg);
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
usage();
special = argv[0];
cp = rindex(special, '/');
if (cp == 0) {
/*
* No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s.
*/
(void)sprintf(device, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
if (stat(device, &st) == -1)
(void)sprintf(device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
special = device;
}
if (Nflag) {
fso = -1;
} else {
fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
if (fso < 0)
fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
/* Bail if target special is mounted */
n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
if (n == 0)
fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno));
len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
s1 = special;
if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
s1 += len;
while (--n >= 0) {
s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
s2 += len - 1;
*s2 = 'r';
}
if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
fatal("%s is mounted on %s",
special, mp->f_mntonname);
++mp;
}
}
if (mfs && disktype != NULL) {
lp = (struct disklabel *)getdiskbyname(disktype);
if (lp == NULL)
fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
pp = &lp->d_partitions[1];
} else {
fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
if (fsi < 0)
fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs)
printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
progname, special);
cp = index(argv[0], '\0') - 1;
if (cp == 0 || (*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))
fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition",
argv[0]);
#ifdef COMPAT
if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
disktype = argv[1];
#endif
lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi);
if (isdigit(*cp))
pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
else
pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
if (pp->p_size == 0)
fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
argv[0], *cp);
if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
fatal("%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
argv[0], *cp);
}
if (fssize == 0)
fssize = pp->p_size;
if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs)
fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d",
argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size);
if (rpm == 0) {
rpm = lp->d_rpm;
if (rpm <= 0)
rpm = 3600;
}
if (ntracks == 0) {
ntracks = lp->d_ntracks;
if (ntracks <= 0)
fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
}
if (nsectors == 0) {
nsectors = lp->d_nsectors;
if (nsectors <= 0)
fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
}
if (sectorsize == 0) {
sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
if (sectorsize <= 0)
fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
}
if (trackskew == -1) {
trackskew = lp->d_trackskew;
if (trackskew < 0)
trackskew = 0;
}
if (interleave == 0) {
interleave = lp->d_interleave;
if (interleave <= 0)
interleave = 1;
}
if (fsize == 0) {
fsize = pp->p_fsize;
if (fsize <= 0)
fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize);
}
if (bsize == 0) {
bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
if (bsize <= 0)
bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
}
/*
* Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
* that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering
* it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
* transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
*/
if (maxcontig == 0)
maxcontig = MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, MAXBSIZE) / bsize - 1);
if (density == 0)
density = NFPI * fsize;
if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
}
if (trackspares == -1) {
trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack;
if (trackspares < 0)
trackspares = 0;
}
nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
if (cylspares == -1) {
cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl;
if (cylspares < 0)
cylspares = 0;
}
secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl)
fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%lu)\n",
"Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
"disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl);
if (maxbpg == 0)
maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
headswitch = lp->d_headswitch;
trackseek = lp->d_trkseek;
#ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
bbsize = lp->d_bbsize;
sbsize = lp->d_sbsize;
#endif
oldpartition = *pp;
#ifdef tahoe
realsectorsize = sectorsize;
if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) { /* XXX */
int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize;
sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
nsectors /= secperblk;
nphyssectors /= secperblk;
secpercyl /= secperblk;
fssize /= secperblk;
pp->p_size /= secperblk;
}
#endif
mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso);
#ifdef tahoe
if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize;
#endif
if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
rewritelabel(special, fso, lp);
if (!Nflag)
close(fso);
close(fsi);
#ifdef MFS
if (mfs) {
struct mfs_args args;
sprintf(buf, "mfs:%d", getpid());
args.fspec = buf;
args.export.ex_root = -2;
if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY)
args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY;
else
args.export.ex_flags = 0;
args.base = membase;
args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
if(filename) {
munmap(membase,fssize * sectorsize);
}
}
#endif
exit(0);
}
#ifdef COMPAT
char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified";
#else
char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
#endif
struct disklabel *
getdisklabel(s, fd)
char *s;
int fd;
{
static struct disklabel lab;
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
#ifdef COMPAT
if (disktype) {
struct disklabel *lp, *getdiskbyname();
unlabeled++;
lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
if (lp == NULL)
fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
return (lp);
}
#endif
warn("ioctl (GDINFO)");
fatal(lmsg, s);
}
return (&lab);
}
rewritelabel(s, fd, lp)
char *s;
int fd;
register struct disklabel *lp;
{
#ifdef COMPAT
if (unlabeled)
return;
#endif
lp->d_checksum = 0;
lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) {
warn("ioctl (WDINFO)");
fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
}
#if vax
if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) {
register i;
int cfd;
daddr_t alt;
char specname[64];
char blk[1024];
char *cp;
/*
* Make name for 'c' partition.
*/
strcpy(specname, s);
cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1;
if (!isdigit(*cp))
*cp = 'c';
cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY);
if (cfd < 0)
fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno));
bzero(blk, sizeof(blk));
*(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp;
alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors;
for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)(alt + i) * lp->d_secsize,
L_SET) == -1)
fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s",
strerror(errno));
if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize)
warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
}
close(cfd);
}
#endif
}
/*VARARGS*/
void
#if __STDC__
fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
#else
fatal(fmt, va_alist)
char *fmt;
va_dcl
#endif
{
va_list ap;
#if __STDC__
va_start(ap, fmt);
#else
va_start(ap);
#endif
if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) {
openlog(progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
closelog();
} else {
vwarnx(fmt, ap);
}
va_end(ap);
exit(1);
/*NOTREACHED*/
}
usage()
{
if (mfs) {
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n",
progname);
} else
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
progname,
#ifdef COMPAT
" [device-type]");
#else
"");
#endif
fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
fprintf(stderr,
"\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-O create a 4.3BSD format filesystem\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
#ifdef COMPAT
fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
#endif
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
exit(1);
}