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recognize it any more. This makes the following significant changes: - The main body of the program doesn't know a thing about URIs, HTTP, or FTP. This makes it possible to easily plug in other protocols. (The next revision will probably be able to dynamically add new recognizers.) - There are no longer arbitrary timeouts for the protocols. If you want to set one for yourself, use the environment variables. - FTP proxies are now supported (if I implemented it right). - The HTTP implementation is much more complete, and can now do restarts, preserve modtimes, and mrun in mirror mode. It's not yet up to 1.1, but it's getting there. - Transaction TCP is now used for sending HTTP requests. The HTTP/1.1 syntax for requesting that the connection be closed after one request is implemented. In all of this, I have doubtless broken somebody. Please test it and tell me about the bugs.
199 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
199 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
.\" $FreeBSD$
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.Dd July 2, 1996
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.Dt FETCH 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fetch
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.Nd retrieve a file by Uniform Resource Locator
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm fetch
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.Op Fl MPmnpqr
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.Op Fl o Ar file
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.Ar URL
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.Nm fetch
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.Op Fl MPRmnpqr
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.Op Fl o Ar file
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.Op Fl c Ar dir
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.Fl f Ar file
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.Fl h Ar host
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm fetch
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allows a user to transfer files from a remote network site using
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either the
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.Em ftp
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or the
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.Em http
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protocol. In the first form of the command, the
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.Ar URL
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may be of the form
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.Li http://site.domain/path/to/the/file
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or
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.Li ftp://site.domain/path/to/the/file.
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To denote a local filename to be copied or linked to (see the
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.Fl l
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flag below), the
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.Em file:/path/to/the/file
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URL form is used.
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.Pp
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The second form of the command can be used to get a file using the
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.Tn FTP
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protocol, specifying the file name and the remote host with the
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.Fl h
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and the
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.Fl f
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flags.
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.Pp
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The following options are available:
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Fl c Ar dir
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The file to retrieve is in directory
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.Ar dir
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on the remote host.
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.It Fl f Ar file
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The file to retrieve is named
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.Ar file
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on the remote host.
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.It Fl h Ar host
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The file to retrieve is located on the host
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.Ar host .
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.It Fl l
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If target is a
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.Ar file:/
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style of URL, make a link to the target rather than trying
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to copy it.
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.It Fl M
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.It Fl m
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Mirror mode: Set the modification time of the file so that it is
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identical to the modification time of the file at the remote host.
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If the file already exists on the local host and is identical (as
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gauged by size and modification time), no transfer is done.
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.It Fl n
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Don't preserve the modtime of the transfered file, use the current time.
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.It Fl o Ar file
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Set the output file name to
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.Ar file .
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By default, a ``pathname'' is extracted from the specified URI, and
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its basename is used as the name of the output file. A
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.Ar file
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argument of
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.Sq Li \&-
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indicates that results are to be directed to the standard output.
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.It Fl P
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.It Fl p
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Use the passive mode of the
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.Tn FTP
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protocol. This is useful for crossing certain sorts of firewalls.
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.It Fl q
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Quiet mode. Do not report transfer progress on the terminal.
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.It Fl R
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The filenames specified are ``precious'', and should not be deleted
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under any circumstances, even if the transfer failed or was incomplete.
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.It Fl r
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Restart a previously interrupted transfer.
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.It Fl T Ar seconds
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Set timeout value to
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.Ar seconds.
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Overrides the environment variables
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.Ev FTP_TIMEOUT
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for ftp transfers or
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.Ev HTTP_TIMEOUT
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for http transfers if set.
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.It Fl v
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Increase verbosity. More
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.Fl v Ns \&'s
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result in more information.
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.El
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.Pp
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Many options are also controlled solely by the environment (this is a
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bug).
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.Sh PROXY SERVERS
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Many sites use application gateways (``proxy servers'') in their
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firewalls in order to allow communication across the firewall using a
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trusted protocol. The
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.Nm fetch
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program can use both the
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.Tn FTP
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and the
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.Tn HTTP
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protocol with a proxy server.
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.Tn FTP
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proxy servers can only relay
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.Tn FTP
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requests;
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.Tn HTTP
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proxy servers can relay both
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.Tn FTP
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and
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.Tn HTTP
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requests.
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A proxy server can be configured by defining an environment variable
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named
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.Dq Va PROTO Ns Ev _PROXY ,
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where
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.Va PROTO
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is the name of the protocol in upper case. The value of the
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environment variable specifies a hostname, optionally followed by a
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colon and a port number.
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.Pp
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The
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.Tn FTP
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proxy client specifies
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.Dq anonymous
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as its user name, and passes the remote user name and host as the
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.Tn FTP
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session's password, in the form
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.Dq Va remoteuser Ns Li \&@ Va remotehost .
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The
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.Tn HTTP
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proxy client simply passes the originally-requested URI to the remote
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server in an
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.Tn HTTP
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.Dq Li GET
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request. HTTP proxy authentication is not yet implemented.
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When multiple proxy protcols are configured,
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.Nm
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will prefer
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.Tn HTTP .
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Bl -tag -width FTP_PASSIVE_MODE -offset indent
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.It Ev FTP_TIMEOUT
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maximum time, in seconds, to wait before aborting an
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.Tn FTP
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connection.
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.It Ev HTTP_TIMEOUT
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maximum time, in seconds, to wait before aborting an
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.Tn HTTP
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connection.
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.It Ev FTP_LOGIN
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the login name used for
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.Tn FTP
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transfers (default
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.Dq Li anonymous )
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.It Ev FTP_PASSWORD
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the password used for
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.Tn FTP
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transfers (default
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.Dq Va yourname Ns Li \&@ Ns Va yourhost )
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.It Ev FTP_PASSIVE_MODE
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force the use of passive mode FTP
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.It Ev HTTP_PROXY
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the address of a proxy server which understands
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.Tn HTTP
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.It Ev FTP_PROXY
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the address of a proxy server which understands
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.Tn FTP
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ftp 1 ,
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.Xr tftp 1
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm fetch
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command appeared in
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.Fx 2.1.5 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The original implementation of
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.Nm
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was done by Jean-Marc Zucconi. It was extensively re-worked for
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.Fx 3.0
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by Garrett Wollman.
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