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202 lines
6.1 KiB
Groff
202 lines
6.1 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 International Computer Science Institute
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.\"
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.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
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.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
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.\" to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
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.\" the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
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.\" and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
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.\" Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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.\"
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.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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.\" all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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.\"
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.\" The names and trademarks of copyright holders may not be used in
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.\" advertising or publicity pertaining to the software without specific
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.\" prior permission. Title to copyright in this software and any associated
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.\" documentation will at all times remain with the copyright holders.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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.\" FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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.\" AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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.\" LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
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.\" FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
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.\" DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd February 12, 2007
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.Dt PIM 4
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.Os
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.\"
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm pim
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.Nd Protocol Independent Multicast
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.\"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "options MROUTING"
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.Pp
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.In sys/types.h
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.In sys/socket.h
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.In netinet/in.h
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.In netinet/ip_mroute.h
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.In netinet/pim.h
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.Ft int
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.Fn getsockopt "int s" IPPROTO_IP MRT_PIM "void *optval" "socklen_t *optlen"
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.Ft int
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.Fn setsockopt "int s" IPPROTO_IP MRT_PIM "const void *optval" "socklen_t optlen"
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.Ft int
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.Fn getsockopt "int s" IPPROTO_IPV6 MRT6_PIM "void *optval" "socklen_t *optlen"
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.Ft int
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.Fn setsockopt "int s" IPPROTO_IPV6 MRT6_PIM "const void *optval" "socklen_t optlen"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Tn PIM
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is the common name for two multicast routing protocols:
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Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) and
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Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense Mode (PIM-DM).
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.Pp
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PIM-SM is a multicast routing protocol that can use the underlying
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unicast routing information base or a separate multicast-capable
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routing information base.
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It builds unidirectional shared trees rooted at a Rendezvous
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Point (RP) per group,
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and optionally creates shortest-path trees per source.
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.Pp
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PIM-DM is a multicast routing protocol that uses the underlying
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unicast routing information base to flood multicast datagrams
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to all multicast routers.
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Prune messages are used to prevent future datagrams from propagating
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to routers with no group membership information.
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.Pp
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Both PIM-SM and PIM-DM are fairly complex protocols,
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though PIM-SM is much more complex.
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To enable PIM-SM or PIM-DM multicast routing in a router,
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the user must enable multicast routing and PIM processing in the kernel
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(see
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.Sx SYNOPSIS
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about the kernel configuration options),
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and must run a PIM-SM or PIM-DM capable user-level process.
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From developer's point of view,
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the programming guide described in the
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.Sx "Programming Guide"
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section should be used to control the PIM processing in the kernel.
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.\"
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.Ss Programming Guide
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After a multicast routing socket is open and multicast forwarding
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is enabled in the kernel
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(see
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.Xr multicast 4 ) ,
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one of the following socket options should be used to enable or disable
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PIM processing in the kernel.
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Note that those options require certain privilege
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(i.e., root privilege):
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv4 */
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int v = 1; /* 1 to enable, or 0 to disable */
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setsockopt(mrouter_s4, IPPROTO_IP, MRT_PIM, (void *)&v, sizeof(v));
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.Ed
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv6 */
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int v = 1; /* 1 to enable, or 0 to disable */
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setsockopt(mrouter_s6, IPPROTO_IPV6, MRT6_PIM, (void *)&v, sizeof(v));
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.Ed
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.Pp
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After PIM processing is enabled, the multicast-capable interfaces
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should be added
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(see
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.Xr multicast 4 ) .
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In case of PIM-SM, the PIM-Register virtual interface must be added
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as well.
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This can be accomplished by using the following options:
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv4 */
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struct vifctl vc;
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memset(&vc, 0, sizeof(vc));
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/* Assign all vifctl fields as appropriate */
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\&...
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if (is_pim_register_vif)
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vc.vifc_flags |= VIFF_REGISTER;
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setsockopt(mrouter_s4, IPPROTO_IP, MRT_ADD_VIF, (void *)&vc,
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sizeof(vc));
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.Ed
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv6 */
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struct mif6ctl mc;
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memset(&mc, 0, sizeof(mc));
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/* Assign all mif6ctl fields as appropriate */
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\&...
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if (is_pim_register_vif)
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mc.mif6c_flags |= MIFF_REGISTER;
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setsockopt(mrouter_s6, IPPROTO_IPV6, MRT6_ADD_MIF, (void *)&mc,
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sizeof(mc));
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Sending or receiving of PIM packets can be accomplished by
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opening first a
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.Dq raw socket
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(see
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.Xr socket 2 ) ,
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with protocol value of
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.Dv IPPROTO_PIM :
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv4 */
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int pim_s4;
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pim_s4 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_PIM);
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.Ed
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.Bd -literal
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/* IPv6 */
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int pim_s6;
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pim_s6 = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_PIM);
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Then, the following system calls can be used to send or receive PIM
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packets:
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.Xr sendto 2 ,
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.Xr sendmsg 2 ,
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.Xr recvfrom 2 ,
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.Xr recvmsg 2 .
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.\"
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr getsockopt 2 ,
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.Xr recvfrom 2 ,
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.Xr recvmsg 2 ,
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.Xr sendmsg 2 ,
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.Xr sendto 2 ,
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.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
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.Xr socket 2 ,
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.Xr inet 4 ,
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.Xr intro 4 ,
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.Xr ip 4 ,
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.Xr multicast 4
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.\"
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.Sh STANDARDS
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.\" XXX the PIM-SM number must be updated after RFC 2362 is
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.\" replaced by a new RFC by the end of year 2003 or so.
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The PIM-SM protocol is specified in RFC 2362 (to be replaced by
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.%T draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-* ) .
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The PIM-DM protocol is specified in
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.%T draft-ietf-pim-dm-new-v2-* ) .
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.\"
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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The original IPv4 PIM kernel support for IRIX and SunOS-4.x was
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implemented by
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.An Ahmed Helmy
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(USC and SGI).
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Later the code was ported to various
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.Bx
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flavors and modified by
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.An George Edmond Eddy
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(Rusty) (ISI),
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.An Hitoshi Asaeda
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(WIDE Project), and
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.An Pavlin Radoslavov
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(USC/ISI and ICSI).
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The IPv6 PIM kernel support was implemented by the KAME project
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.Pq Pa http://www.kame.net ,
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and was based on the IPv4 PIM kernel support.
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.Pp
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This manual page was written by
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.An Pavlin Radoslavov
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(ICSI).
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