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1848 lines
45 KiB
Groff
1848 lines
45 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)make.1 8.8 (Berkeley) 6/13/95
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd May 30, 2012
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.Dt MAKE 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm make
|
|
.Nd maintain program dependencies
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Fl ABPSXeiknpqrstv
|
|
.Op Fl C Ar directory
|
|
.Op Fl D Ar variable
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|
.Op Fl d Ar flags
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|
.Op Fl E Ar variable
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|
.Op Fl f Ar makefile
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|
.Op Fl I Ar directory
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl j Ar max_jobs
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|
.Op Fl m Ar directory
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|
.Ek
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|
.Op Fl V Ar variable
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|
.Op Fl x Ar warning_options
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|
.Op Ar variable Ns No = Ns Ar value
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|
.Op Ar target ...
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|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other programs.
|
|
Its input is a list of specifications
|
|
describing dependency relationships between the generation of
|
|
files and programs.
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|
.Pp
|
|
First of all, the initial list of specifications will be read
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|
from the system makefile,
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|
.Pa sys.mk ,
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|
unless inhibited with the
|
|
.Fl r
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|
option.
|
|
The standard
|
|
.Pa sys.mk
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|
as shipped with
|
|
.Fx
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|
also handles
|
|
.Xr make.conf 5 ,
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|
the default path to which
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|
can be altered via the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
variable
|
|
.Va __MAKE_CONF .
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|
.Pp
|
|
Then the first of
|
|
.Pa BSDmakefile ,
|
|
.Pa makefile ,
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|
and
|
|
.Pa Makefile
|
|
that can be found in the current directory, object directory (see
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|
.Va .OBJDIR ) ,
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|
or search path (see the
|
|
.Fl I
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|
option)
|
|
will be read for the main list of dependency specifications.
|
|
A different makefile or list of them can be supplied via the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
option(s).
|
|
Finally, if the file
|
|
.Pa .depend
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|
can be found in any of the aforesaid locations, it will also be read (see
|
|
.Xr mkdep 1 ) .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When
|
|
.Nm
|
|
searches for a makefile, its name takes precedence over its location.
|
|
For instance,
|
|
.Pa BSDmakefile
|
|
in the object directory will be favored over
|
|
.Pa Makefile
|
|
in the current directory.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl A
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|
Make archive errors non-fatal, causing
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to just skip the remainder
|
|
or all of the archive and continue after printing a message.
|
|
.It Fl B
|
|
Try to be backwards compatible by executing a single shell per command and
|
|
by executing the commands to make the sources of a dependency line in sequence.
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|
This is turned on by default unless
|
|
.Fl j
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|
is used.
|
|
.It Fl C Ar directory
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|
Change to
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|
.Ar directory
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|
before reading the makefiles or doing anything else.
|
|
If multiple
|
|
.Fl C
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|
options are specified, each is interpreted relative to the previous one:
|
|
.Fl C Pa / Fl C Pa etc
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|
is equivalent to
|
|
.Fl C Pa /etc .
|
|
.It Fl D Ar variable
|
|
Define
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|
.Ar variable
|
|
to be 1, in the global context.
|
|
.It Fl d Ar flags
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|
Turn on debugging, and specify which portions of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are to print debugging information.
|
|
Argument
|
|
.Ar flags
|
|
is one or more of the following:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ar A
|
|
Print all possible debugging information;
|
|
equivalent to specifying all of the debugging flags.
|
|
.It Ar a
|
|
Print debugging information about archive searching and caching.
|
|
.It Ar c
|
|
Print debugging information about conditional evaluation.
|
|
.It Ar d
|
|
Print debugging information about directory searching and caching.
|
|
.It Ar f
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|
Print debugging information about the execution of for loops.
|
|
.It Ar "g1"
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|
Print the input graph before making anything.
|
|
.It Ar "g2"
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|
Print the input graph after making everything, or before exiting
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|
on error.
|
|
.It Ar j
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|
Print debugging information about running multiple shells.
|
|
.It Ar l
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|
Print commands in Makefiles regardless of whether or not they are prefixed
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|
by @ or other "quiet" flags.
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|
Also known as "loud" behavior.
|
|
.It Ar m
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|
Print debugging information about making targets, including modification
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|
dates.
|
|
.It Ar s
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|
Print debugging information about suffix-transformation rules.
|
|
.It Ar t
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|
Print debugging information about target list maintenance.
|
|
.It Ar v
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|
Print debugging information about variable assignment.
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|
.El
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|
.It Fl E Ar variable
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|
Specify a variable whose environment value (if any) will override
|
|
macro assignments within makefiles.
|
|
.It Fl e
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|
Specify that environment values override macro assignments within
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|
makefiles for all variables.
|
|
.It Fl f Ar makefile
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|
Specify a makefile to read instead of the default one.
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|
If
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|
.Ar makefile
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|
is not an absolute pathname,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will search for it as described above.
|
|
In case
|
|
.Ar makefile
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|
is
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|
.Sq Fl ,
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|
standard input is read.
|
|
Multiple
|
|
.Fl f
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|
options can be supplied,
|
|
and the makefiles will be read in that order.
|
|
Unlike the other command-line options,
|
|
.Fl f
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|
is neither stored in
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
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|
nor pushed down to sub-makes via
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS .
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|
See below for more details on these variables.
|
|
.It Fl I Ar directory
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|
Specify a directory in which to search for makefiles and included makefiles.
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|
Multiple
|
|
.Fl I
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|
options can be specified to form a search path.
|
|
The system makefile directory (or directories, see the
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|
.Fl m
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|
option) is automatically appended at the tail of this path.
|
|
.It Fl i
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|
Ignore non-zero exit of shell commands in the makefile.
|
|
Equivalent to specifying
|
|
.Sq Ic \-
|
|
before each command line in the makefile.
|
|
.It Fl j Ar max_jobs
|
|
Specify the maximum number of jobs that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may have running at any one time.
|
|
Turns compatibility mode off, unless the
|
|
.Fl B
|
|
flag is also specified.
|
|
.It Fl k
|
|
Continue processing after errors are encountered, but only on those targets
|
|
that do not depend on the target whose creation caused the error.
|
|
.It Fl m Ar directory
|
|
Specify a directory in which to search for
|
|
the system makefile and makefiles included via the <...> style.
|
|
Multiple
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
options can be specified to form a search path.
|
|
This path will override the default system include path,
|
|
.Pa /usr/share/mk .
|
|
The system include path will always be appended to the search path used
|
|
for "..."-style inclusions and makefile searches (see the
|
|
.Fl I
|
|
option).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If a file or directory name in the
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
argument (or the
|
|
.Ev MAKESYSPATH
|
|
environment variable) starts with the string
|
|
.Qq \&.../
|
|
then
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will search for the specified file or directory named in the remaining part
|
|
of the argument string.
|
|
The search starts with the current directory of the Makefile and then works
|
|
upward towards the root of the filesystem.
|
|
If the search is successful,
|
|
then the resulting directory replaces the
|
|
.Qq \&.../
|
|
specification in the
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
argument.
|
|
If used, this feature allows
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to easily search in the current source tree for customized sys.mk files
|
|
(e.g. by using
|
|
.Qq \&.../mk/sys.mk
|
|
as an argument).
|
|
Note that a
|
|
.Fl C
|
|
that are earlier on the command line affect where
|
|
.Fl m Qq \&.../
|
|
searches.
|
|
.It Fl n
|
|
Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually
|
|
execute them.
|
|
.It Fl P
|
|
Collate the output of a given job and display it only when the job finishes,
|
|
instead of mixing the output of parallel jobs together.
|
|
This option has no effect unless
|
|
.Fl j
|
|
is used too.
|
|
.It Fl p
|
|
Only print the input graph, not executing any commands.
|
|
The output is the same as
|
|
.Fl d Ar g1 .
|
|
When combined with
|
|
.Fl f Pa /dev/null ,
|
|
only the builtin rules of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are displayed.
|
|
.It Fl Q
|
|
Be extra quiet.
|
|
For multi-job makes, this will cause file banners not to be generated.
|
|
.It Fl q
|
|
Do not execute any commands, but exit 0 if the specified targets are
|
|
up-to-date and 1, otherwise.
|
|
.It Fl r
|
|
Do not process the system makefile.
|
|
.It Fl S
|
|
Stop processing when an error is encountered.
|
|
Default behaviour.
|
|
This is needed to negate the
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
option during recursive builds.
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
Do not echo any commands as they are executed.
|
|
Equivalent to specifying
|
|
.Sq Ic @
|
|
before each command line in the makefile.
|
|
.It Fl t
|
|
Rather than re-building a target as specified in the makefile, create it
|
|
or update its modification time to make it appear up-to-date.
|
|
.It Fl V Ar variable
|
|
Print
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
idea of the value of
|
|
.Ar variable ,
|
|
in the global context.
|
|
Do not build any targets.
|
|
Multiple instances of this option may be specified;
|
|
the variables will be printed one per line,
|
|
with a blank line for each null or undefined variable.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar variable
|
|
contains a
|
|
.Sq Ic $
|
|
then the value will be expanded before printing.
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Be extra verbose.
|
|
Print any extra information.
|
|
.It Fl X
|
|
When using the
|
|
.Fl V
|
|
option to print the values of variables,
|
|
do not recursively expand the values.
|
|
.It Ar variable Ns No = Ns Ar value
|
|
Set the value of the variable
|
|
.Ar variable
|
|
to
|
|
.Ar value .
|
|
.It Fl x Ar warning_options
|
|
Specify extended warning options.
|
|
This option may be specified several times.
|
|
A
|
|
.Ar warning_option
|
|
can be prefixed with
|
|
.Dq Li no
|
|
in which case the warning is switched off.
|
|
The currently available options are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
|
.It Li dirsyntax
|
|
Warn if anything except blanks and comments follows an
|
|
.Ic .endif
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
directive.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
See also the
|
|
.Ic .WARN
|
|
special target.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
There are seven different types of lines in a makefile: file dependency
|
|
specifications, shell commands, variable assignments, include statements,
|
|
conditional directives, for loops, and comments.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In general, lines may be continued from one line to the next by ending
|
|
them with a backslash
|
|
.Pq Ql \e .
|
|
The trailing newline character and initial whitespace on the following
|
|
line are compressed into a single space.
|
|
.Sh FILE DEPENDENCY SPECIFICATIONS
|
|
Dependency lines consist of one or more targets, an operator, and zero
|
|
or more sources.
|
|
This creates a relationship where the targets
|
|
.Dq depend
|
|
on the sources
|
|
and are usually created from them.
|
|
The exact relationship between the target and the source is determined
|
|
by the operator that separates them.
|
|
The three operators are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width flag
|
|
.It Ic \&:
|
|
A target is considered out-of-date if its modification time is less than
|
|
those of any of its sources.
|
|
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
|
|
is used.
|
|
The target is removed if
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is interrupted.
|
|
.It Ic \&!
|
|
Targets are always re-created, but not until all sources have been
|
|
examined and re-created as necessary.
|
|
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
|
|
is used.
|
|
The target is removed if
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is interrupted.
|
|
.It Ic ::
|
|
If no sources are specified, the target is always re-created.
|
|
Otherwise, a target is considered out-of-date if any of its sources has
|
|
been modified more recently than the target.
|
|
Sources for a target do not accumulate over dependency lines when this
|
|
operator is used.
|
|
The target will not be removed if
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is interrupted.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Targets and sources may contain the shell wildcard expressions
|
|
.Ql \&? ,
|
|
.Ql * ,
|
|
.Ql []
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql {} .
|
|
The expressions
|
|
.Ql \&? ,
|
|
.Ql *
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql []
|
|
may only be used as part of the final
|
|
component of the target or source, and must be used to describe existing
|
|
files.
|
|
The expression
|
|
.Ql {}
|
|
need not necessarily be used to describe existing files.
|
|
Expansion is in directory order, not alphabetically as done in the shell.
|
|
.Sh SHELL COMMANDS
|
|
Each target may have associated with it a series of shell commands, normally
|
|
used to create the target.
|
|
Each of the commands in this script
|
|
.Em must
|
|
be preceded by a tab.
|
|
While any target may appear on a dependency line, only one of these
|
|
dependencies may be followed by a creation script, unless the
|
|
.Sq Ic ::
|
|
operator is used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the first characters of the command line are
|
|
.Sq Ic @ ,
|
|
.Sq Ic \- ,
|
|
and/or
|
|
.Sq Ic + ,
|
|
the command is treated specially.
|
|
A
|
|
.Sq Ic @
|
|
causes the command not to be echoed before it is executed.
|
|
A
|
|
.Sq Ic \-
|
|
causes any non-zero exit status of the command line to be ignored.
|
|
A
|
|
.Sq Ic +
|
|
causes the command to be executed even if
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
is specified on the command line.
|
|
.Sh VARIABLE ASSIGNMENTS
|
|
Variables in
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are much like variables in the shell, and, by tradition,
|
|
consist of all upper-case letters.
|
|
The five operators that can be used to assign values to variables are as
|
|
follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic =
|
|
Assign the value to the variable.
|
|
Any previous value is overridden.
|
|
.It Ic +=
|
|
Append the value to the current value of the variable.
|
|
.It Ic ?=
|
|
Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined.
|
|
.It Ic :=
|
|
Assign with expansion, i.e., expand the value before assigning it
|
|
to the variable.
|
|
Normally, expansion is not done until the variable is referenced.
|
|
.It Ic !=
|
|
Expand the value and pass it to the shell for execution and assign
|
|
the result to the variable.
|
|
Any newlines in the result are replaced with spaces.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Any whitespace before the assigned
|
|
.Ar value
|
|
is removed; if the value is being appended, a single space is inserted
|
|
between the previous contents of the variable and the appended value.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Variables are expanded by surrounding the variable name with either
|
|
curly braces
|
|
.Pq Ql {}
|
|
or parentheses
|
|
.Pq Ql ()
|
|
and preceding it with
|
|
a dollar sign
|
|
.Pq Ql $ .
|
|
If the variable name contains only a single letter, the surrounding
|
|
braces or parentheses are not required.
|
|
This shorter form is not recommended.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Variable substitution occurs at two distinct times, depending on where
|
|
the variable is being used.
|
|
Variables in dependency lines are expanded as the line is read.
|
|
Variables in shell commands are expanded when the shell command is
|
|
executed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The four different classes of variables (in order of increasing precedence)
|
|
are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Environment variables
|
|
Variables defined as part of
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
environment.
|
|
.It Global variables
|
|
Variables defined in the makefile or in included makefiles.
|
|
.It Command line variables
|
|
Variables defined as part of the command line and variables
|
|
obtained from the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable or the
|
|
.Ic .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
target.
|
|
.It Local variables
|
|
Variables that are defined specific to a certain target.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the name of an environment variable appears in a makefile
|
|
on the left-hand side of an assignment,
|
|
a global variable with the same name is created, and the latter
|
|
shadows the former as per their relative precedences.
|
|
The environment is not changed in this case, and the change
|
|
is not exported to programs executed by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
However, a command-line variable actually replaces
|
|
the environment variable of the same name if the latter exists,
|
|
which is visible to child programs.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
There are seven local variables in
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".ARCHIVE"
|
|
.It Va .ALLSRC
|
|
The list of all sources for this target; also known as
|
|
.Sq Va > .
|
|
.It Va .ARCHIVE
|
|
The name of the archive file; also known as
|
|
.Sq Va \&! .
|
|
.It Va .IMPSRC
|
|
The name/path of the source from which the target is to be transformed
|
|
(the
|
|
.Dq implied
|
|
source); also known as
|
|
.Sq Va < .
|
|
.It Va .MEMBER
|
|
The name of the archive member; also known as
|
|
.Sq Va % .
|
|
.It Va .OODATE
|
|
The list of sources for this target that were deemed out-of-date; also
|
|
known as
|
|
.Sq Va \&? .
|
|
.It Va .PREFIX
|
|
The file prefix of the file, containing only the file portion, no suffix
|
|
or preceding directory components; also known as
|
|
.Sq Va * .
|
|
.It Va .TARGET
|
|
The name of the target; also known as
|
|
.Sq Va @ .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The shorter forms
|
|
.Sq Va @ ,
|
|
.Sq Va \&! ,
|
|
.Sq Va < ,
|
|
.Sq Va % ,
|
|
.Sq Va \&? ,
|
|
.Sq Va > ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq Va *
|
|
are permitted for backward
|
|
compatibility and are not recommended.
|
|
The six variables
|
|
.Sq Va @F ,
|
|
.Sq Va @D ,
|
|
.Sq Va <F ,
|
|
.Sq Va <D ,
|
|
.Sq Va *F ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq Va *D
|
|
are
|
|
permitted for compatibility with
|
|
.At V
|
|
makefiles and are not recommended.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Four of the local variables may be used in sources on dependency lines
|
|
because they expand to the proper value for each target on the line.
|
|
These variables are
|
|
.Va .TARGET ,
|
|
.Va .PREFIX ,
|
|
.Va .ARCHIVE ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Va .MEMBER .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sets or knows about the following internal variables or environment
|
|
variables:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Va .MAKEFILE_LIST"
|
|
.It Va $
|
|
A single dollar sign
|
|
.Ql $ ,
|
|
i.e.\&
|
|
.Ql $$
|
|
expands to a single dollar
|
|
sign.
|
|
.It Va MAKE
|
|
The name that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
was executed with
|
|
.Pq Va argv Ns Op 0 .
|
|
.It Va .CURDIR
|
|
A path to the directory where
|
|
.Nm
|
|
was executed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility sets
|
|
.Va .CURDIR
|
|
to the canonical path given by
|
|
.Xr getcwd 3 .
|
|
.It Va .OBJDIR
|
|
A path to the directory where the targets are built.
|
|
At startup,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
searches for an alternate directory to place target files.
|
|
It will attempt to change into this special directory
|
|
and will search this directory for makefiles
|
|
not found in the current directory.
|
|
The following directories are tried in order:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -enum -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/`pwd -P`
|
|
.It
|
|
${MAKEOBJDIR}
|
|
.It
|
|
obj.${MACHINE}
|
|
.It
|
|
obj
|
|
.It
|
|
/usr/obj/`pwd -P`
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The first directory that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
successfully changes into is used.
|
|
If either
|
|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
|
|
or
|
|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIR
|
|
is set in the environment but
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is unable to change into the corresponding directory,
|
|
then the current directory is used
|
|
without checking the remainder of the list.
|
|
If they are undefined and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is unable to change into any of the remaining three directories,
|
|
then the current directory is used.
|
|
Note, that
|
|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
|
|
and
|
|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIR
|
|
must be environment variables and should not be set on
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
command line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility sets
|
|
.Va .OBJDIR
|
|
to the canonical path given by
|
|
.Xr getcwd 3 .
|
|
.It Va .MAKEFILE_LIST
|
|
As
|
|
.Nm
|
|
reads various makefiles, including the default files and any
|
|
obtained from the command line and
|
|
.Ic .include
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic .sinclude
|
|
directives, their names will be automatically appended to the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFILE_LIST
|
|
variable.
|
|
They are added right before
|
|
.Nm
|
|
begins to parse them, so that the name of the current makefile is the
|
|
last word in this variable.
|
|
.It Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
The environment variable
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
may initially contain anything that
|
|
may be specified on
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
command line,
|
|
including
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
option(s).
|
|
After processing, its contents are stored in the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
global variable, although any
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
options are omitted.
|
|
Then all options and variable assignments specified on
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
command line, except for
|
|
.Fl f ,
|
|
are appended to the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
variable.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Whenever
|
|
.Nm
|
|
executes a program, it sets
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
in the program's environment to the current value of the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
global variable.
|
|
Thus, if
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
in
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
environment contains any
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
options, they will not be pushed down to child programs automatically.
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility effectively filters out
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
options from the environment and command line although it
|
|
passes the rest of its options down to sub-makes via
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
by default.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When passing macro definitions and flag arguments in the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable,
|
|
space and tab characters are quoted by preceding them with a backslash.
|
|
When reading the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
variable from the environment,
|
|
all sequences of a backslash and one of space or tab
|
|
are replaced just with their second character
|
|
without causing a word break.
|
|
Any other occurrences of a backslash are retained.
|
|
Groups of unquoted space, tab and newline characters cause word
|
|
breaking.
|
|
.It Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
Initially, this global variable contains
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
current run-time options from the environment
|
|
and command line as described above, under
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS .
|
|
By modifying the contents of the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
global variable, the makefile can alter the contents of the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable made available for all programs which
|
|
.Nm
|
|
executes.
|
|
This includes adding
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
option(s).
|
|
The current value of
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
is just copied verbatim to
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
in the environment of child programs.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that any options entered to
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
neither affect the current instance of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
nor show up in its own copy of
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
instantly.
|
|
However, they do show up in the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable of programs executed by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
On the other hand, a direct assignment to
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
neither affects the current instance of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
nor is passed down to
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
children.
|
|
Compare with the
|
|
.Ic .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
special target below.
|
|
.It Va MFLAGS
|
|
This variable is provided for backward compatibility and
|
|
contains all the options from the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable plus any options specified on
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
command line.
|
|
.It Va .MAKE.PID
|
|
The process-id of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Va .MAKE.PPID
|
|
The parent process-id of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Va .MAKE.JOB.PREFIX
|
|
If
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is run with
|
|
.Fl j Fl v
|
|
then output for each target is prefixed with a token
|
|
.Ql --- target ---
|
|
the first part of which can be controlled via
|
|
.Va .MAKE.JOB.PREFIX .
|
|
.br
|
|
For example:
|
|
.Li .MAKE.JOB.PREFIX=${.newline}---${MAKE:T}[${.MAKE.PID}]
|
|
would produce tokens like
|
|
.Ql ---make[1234] target ---
|
|
or
|
|
.Li .MAKE.JOB.PREFIX=---pid[${.MAKE.PID}],ppid[${.MAKE.PPID}]
|
|
would produce tokens like
|
|
.Ql ---pid[56789],ppid[1234] target ---
|
|
making it easier to track the degree of parallelism being achieved.
|
|
.It Va .TARGETS
|
|
List of targets
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is currently building.
|
|
.It Va .INCLUDES
|
|
See
|
|
.Ic .INCLUDES
|
|
special target.
|
|
.It Va .LIBS
|
|
See
|
|
.Ic .LIBS
|
|
special target.
|
|
.It Va MACHINE
|
|
Name of the machine architecture
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is running on, obtained from the
|
|
.Ev MACHINE
|
|
environment variable, or through
|
|
.Xr uname 3
|
|
if not defined.
|
|
.It Va MACHINE_ARCH
|
|
Name of the machine architecture
|
|
.Nm
|
|
was compiled for, defined at compilation time.
|
|
.It Va VPATH
|
|
Makefiles may assign a colon-delimited list of directories to
|
|
.Va VPATH .
|
|
These directories will be searched for source files by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
after it has finished parsing all input makefiles.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss Variable Modifiers
|
|
Variable expansion may be modified to select or modify each word of the
|
|
variable (where a
|
|
.Dq word
|
|
is whitespace-delimited sequence of characters).
|
|
The general format of a variable expansion is as follows:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl {variable[:modifier[:...]]}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each modifier begins with a colon and one of the following
|
|
special characters.
|
|
The colon may be escaped with a backslash
|
|
.Pq Ql \e .
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Cm
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.It Cm :C No / Ar pattern Xo
|
|
.No / Ar replacement
|
|
.No / Op Cm 1g
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
Modify each word of the value,
|
|
substituting every match of the extended regular expression
|
|
.Ar pattern
|
|
(see
|
|
.Xr re_format 7 )
|
|
with the
|
|
.Xr ed 1 Ns \-style
|
|
.Ar replacement
|
|
string.
|
|
Normally, the first occurrence of the pattern in
|
|
each word of the value is changed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ql 1
|
|
modifier causes the substitution to apply to at most one word; the
|
|
.Ql g
|
|
modifier causes the substitution to apply to as many instances of the
|
|
search pattern as occur in the word or words it is found in.
|
|
Note that
|
|
.Ql 1
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql g
|
|
are orthogonal; the former specifies whether multiple words are
|
|
potentially affected, the latter whether multiple substitutions can
|
|
potentially occur within each affected word.
|
|
.It Cm :E
|
|
Replaces each word in the variable with its suffix.
|
|
.It Cm :H
|
|
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but the last component.
|
|
.It Cm :L
|
|
Converts variable to lower-case letters.
|
|
(deprecated)
|
|
.It Cm :M Ns Ar pattern
|
|
Select only those words that match the rest of the modifier.
|
|
The standard shell wildcard characters
|
|
.Pf ( Ql * ,
|
|
.Ql \&? ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql [] )
|
|
may
|
|
be used.
|
|
The wildcard characters may be escaped with a backslash
|
|
.Pq Ql \e .
|
|
.It Cm :N Ns Ar pattern
|
|
This is identical to
|
|
.Cm :M ,
|
|
but selects all words which do not match
|
|
the rest of the modifier.
|
|
.It Cm :O
|
|
Order every word in the variable alphabetically.
|
|
.It Cm :Q
|
|
Quotes every shell meta-character in the variable, so that it can be passed
|
|
safely through recursive invocations of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Cm :R
|
|
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but its suffix.
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.It Cm :S No / Ar old_string Xo
|
|
.No / Ar new_string
|
|
.No / Op Cm g
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
Modify the first occurrence of
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
in each word of the variable's value, replacing it with
|
|
.Ar new_string .
|
|
If a
|
|
.Ql g
|
|
is appended to the last slash of the pattern, all occurrences
|
|
in each word are replaced.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
begins with a caret
|
|
.Pq Ql ^ ,
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
is anchored at the beginning of each word.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
ends with a dollar sign
|
|
.Pq Ql $ ,
|
|
it is anchored at the end of each word.
|
|
Inside
|
|
.Ar new_string ,
|
|
an ampersand
|
|
.Pq Ql &
|
|
is replaced by
|
|
.Ar old_string .
|
|
Any character may be used as a delimiter for the parts of the modifier
|
|
string.
|
|
The anchoring, ampersand, and delimiter characters may be escaped with a
|
|
backslash
|
|
.Pq Ql \e .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar new_string
|
|
with the single exception that a backslash is used to prevent the expansion
|
|
of a dollar sign
|
|
.Pq Ql $ ,
|
|
not a preceding dollar sign as is usual.
|
|
.It Ar :old_string=new_string
|
|
This is the
|
|
.At V
|
|
style variable substitution.
|
|
It must be the last modifier specified.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
or
|
|
.Ar new_string
|
|
do not contain the pattern matching character
|
|
.Ar %
|
|
then it is assumed that they are
|
|
anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or entire
|
|
words may be replaced.
|
|
Otherwise
|
|
.Ar %
|
|
is the substring of
|
|
.Ar old_string
|
|
to be replaced in
|
|
.Ar new_string .
|
|
.It Cm :T
|
|
Replaces each word in the variable with its last component.
|
|
.It Cm :tl
|
|
Converts variable to lower-case letters.
|
|
.It Cm :tu
|
|
Converts variable to upper-case letters.
|
|
.It Cm :U
|
|
Converts variable to upper-case letters.
|
|
(deprecated)
|
|
.It Cm :u
|
|
Remove adjacent duplicate words (like
|
|
.Xr uniq 1 ) .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh DIRECTIVES, CONDITIONALS, AND FOR LOOPS
|
|
Directives, conditionals, and for loops reminiscent
|
|
of the C programming language are provided in
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
All such structures are identified by a line beginning with a single
|
|
dot
|
|
.Pq Ql \&.
|
|
character.
|
|
The following directives are supported:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic .include Ar <file>
|
|
.It Ic .include Ar \*qfile\*q
|
|
Include the specified makefile.
|
|
Variables between the angle brackets
|
|
or double quotes are expanded to form the file name.
|
|
If angle brackets
|
|
are used, the included makefile is expected to be in the system
|
|
makefile directory.
|
|
If double quotes are used, the including
|
|
makefile's directory and any directories specified using the
|
|
.Fl I
|
|
option are searched before the system
|
|
makefile directory.
|
|
.It Ic .sinclude Ar <file>
|
|
.It Ic .sinclude Ar \*qfile\*q
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic .include ,
|
|
but silently ignored if the file cannot be found and opened.
|
|
.It Ic .undef Ar variable
|
|
Un-define the specified global variable.
|
|
Only global variables may be un-defined.
|
|
.It Ic .error Ar message
|
|
Terminate processing of the makefile immediately.
|
|
The filename of the
|
|
makefile, the line on which the error was encountered and the specified
|
|
message are printed to the standard error output and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
terminates with exit code 1.
|
|
Variables in the message are expanded.
|
|
.It Ic .warning Ar message
|
|
Emit a warning message.
|
|
The filename of the makefile,
|
|
the line on which the warning was encountered,
|
|
and the specified message are printed to the standard error output.
|
|
Variables in the message are expanded.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Conditionals are used to determine which parts of the Makefile
|
|
to process.
|
|
They are used similarly to the conditionals supported
|
|
by the C pre-processor.
|
|
The following conditionals are supported:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .if
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar expression
|
|
.Op Ar operator expression ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Test the value of an expression.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .ifdef
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
|
|
.Op Ar operator variable ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Test the value of a variable.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .ifndef
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
|
|
.Op Ar operator variable ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Test the value of a variable.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .ifmake
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
|
|
.Op Ar operator target ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Test the target being built.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .ifnmake
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
|
|
.Op Ar operator target ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Test the target being built.
|
|
.It Ic .else
|
|
Reverse the sense of the last conditional.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .elif
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar expression
|
|
.Op Ar operator expression ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A combination of
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ic .if .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .elifdef
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
|
|
.Op Ar operator variable ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A combination of
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ic .ifdef .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .elifndef
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
|
|
.Op Ar operator variable ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A combination of
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ic .ifndef .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .elifmake
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
|
|
.Op Ar operator target ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A combination of
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ic .ifmake .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic .elifnmake
|
|
.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
|
|
.Op Ar operator target ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A combination of
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ic .ifnmake .
|
|
.It Ic .endif
|
|
End the body of the conditional.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar operator
|
|
may be any one of the following:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "Cm XX"
|
|
.It Cm ||
|
|
Logical
|
|
.Tn OR
|
|
.It Cm &&
|
|
Logical
|
|
.Tn AND ;
|
|
of higher precedence than
|
|
.Sq Ic || .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
As in C,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will only evaluate a conditional as far as is necessary to determine
|
|
its value.
|
|
Parentheses may be used to change the order of evaluation.
|
|
The boolean operator
|
|
.Sq Ic !\&
|
|
may be used to logically negate an entire
|
|
conditional.
|
|
It is of higher precedence than
|
|
.Sq Ic && .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The value of
|
|
.Ar expression
|
|
may be any of the following:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ic
|
|
.It Ic defined
|
|
Takes a variable name as an argument and evaluates to true if the variable
|
|
has been defined.
|
|
.It Ic make
|
|
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
|
|
was specified as part of
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
command line or was declared the default target (either implicitly or
|
|
explicitly, see
|
|
.Va .MAIN )
|
|
before the line containing the conditional.
|
|
.It Ic empty
|
|
Takes a variable, with possible modifiers, and evaluates to true if
|
|
the expansion of the variable would result in an empty string.
|
|
.It Ic exists
|
|
Takes a file name as an argument and evaluates to true if the file exists.
|
|
The file is searched for on the system search path (see
|
|
.Va .PATH ) .
|
|
.It Ic target
|
|
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
|
|
has been defined.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
An
|
|
.Ar expression
|
|
may also be a numeric or string comparison:
|
|
in this case, the left-hand side
|
|
.Ar must be
|
|
a variable expansion, whereas the right-hand side can be a
|
|
constant or a variable expansion.
|
|
Variable expansion is performed on both sides, after which the resulting
|
|
values are compared.
|
|
A value is interpreted as hexadecimal if it is
|
|
preceded by 0x, otherwise it is decimal; octal numbers are not supported.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
String comparison can only use the
|
|
.Sq Ic ==
|
|
or
|
|
.Sq Ic !=
|
|
operators, whereas numeric values (both integer and floating point)
|
|
can also be compared using the
|
|
.Sq Ic > ,
|
|
.Sq Ic >= ,
|
|
.Sq Ic <
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq Ic <=
|
|
operators.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If no relational operator (and right-hand value) are given, an implicit
|
|
.Sq Ic != 0
|
|
is used.
|
|
However be very careful in using this feature especially
|
|
when the left-hand side variable expansion returns a string.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is evaluating one of these conditional expressions, and it encounters
|
|
a word it does not recognize, either the
|
|
.Dq make
|
|
or
|
|
.Dq defined
|
|
expression is applied to it, depending on the form of the conditional.
|
|
If the form is
|
|
.Ic .if ,
|
|
.Ic .ifdef
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .ifndef ,
|
|
the
|
|
.Dq defined
|
|
expression is applied.
|
|
Similarly, if the form is
|
|
.Ic .ifmake
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .ifnmake ,
|
|
the
|
|
.Dq make
|
|
expression is applied.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the conditional evaluates to true the parsing of the makefile continues
|
|
as before.
|
|
If it evaluates to false, the following lines are skipped.
|
|
In both cases this continues until a
|
|
.Ic .else
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .endif
|
|
is found.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For loops are typically used to apply a set of rules to a list of files.
|
|
The syntax of a for loop is:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
|
|
.It Ic .for Ar variable Ic in Ar expression
|
|
.It <make-rules>
|
|
.It Ic .endfor
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After the for
|
|
.Ar expression
|
|
is evaluated, it is split into words.
|
|
The
|
|
iteration
|
|
.Ar variable
|
|
is successively set to each word, and substituted in the
|
|
.Ic make-rules
|
|
inside the body of the for loop.
|
|
.Sh COMMENTS
|
|
Comments begin with a hash
|
|
.Pq Ql #
|
|
character, anywhere but in a shell
|
|
command line, and continue to the end of the line.
|
|
.Sh SPECIAL SOURCES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ic
|
|
.It Ic .IGNORE
|
|
Ignore any errors from the commands associated with this target, exactly
|
|
as if they all were preceded by a dash
|
|
.Pq Ql \- .
|
|
.It Ic .MAKE
|
|
Execute the commands associated with this target even if the
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
or
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
options were specified.
|
|
Normally used to mark recursive
|
|
.Nm Ns 's .
|
|
.It Ic .NOTMAIN
|
|
Normally
|
|
.Nm
|
|
selects the first target it encounters as the default target to be built
|
|
if no target was specified.
|
|
This source prevents this target from being selected.
|
|
.It Ic .OPTIONAL
|
|
If a target is marked with this attribute and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
cannot figure out how to create it, it will ignore this fact and assume
|
|
the file is not needed or already exists.
|
|
.It Ic .PRECIOUS
|
|
When
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is interrupted, it removes any partially made targets.
|
|
This source prevents the target from being removed.
|
|
.It Ic .SILENT
|
|
Do not echo any of the commands associated with this target, exactly
|
|
as if they all were preceded by an at sign
|
|
.Pq Ql @ .
|
|
.It Ic .USE
|
|
Turn the target into
|
|
.Nm Ns 's
|
|
version of a macro.
|
|
When the target is used as a source for another target, the other target
|
|
acquires the commands, sources, and attributes (except for
|
|
.Ic .USE )
|
|
of the
|
|
source.
|
|
If the target already has commands, the
|
|
.Ic .USE
|
|
target's commands are appended
|
|
to them.
|
|
.It Ic .WAIT
|
|
If special
|
|
.Ic .WAIT
|
|
source appears in a dependency line, the sources that precede it are
|
|
made before the sources that succeed it in the line.
|
|
Loops are not being
|
|
detected and targets that form loops will be silently ignored.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SPECIAL TARGETS
|
|
Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e., they must be
|
|
the only target specified.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ic
|
|
.It Ic .BEGIN
|
|
Any command lines attached to this target are executed before anything
|
|
else is done.
|
|
.It Ic .DEFAULT
|
|
This is sort of a
|
|
.Ic .USE
|
|
rule for any target (that was used only as a
|
|
source) that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
cannot figure out any other way to create.
|
|
Only the shell script is used.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic .IMPSRC
|
|
variable of a target that inherits
|
|
.Ic .DEFAULT Ns 's
|
|
commands is set
|
|
to the target's own name.
|
|
.It Ic .END
|
|
Any command lines attached to this target are executed after everything
|
|
else is done.
|
|
.It Ic .IGNORE
|
|
Mark each of the sources with the
|
|
.Ic .IGNORE
|
|
attribute.
|
|
If no sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the
|
|
.Fl i
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic .INCLUDES
|
|
A list of suffixes that indicate files that can be included in a source
|
|
file.
|
|
The suffix must have already been declared with
|
|
.Ic .SUFFIXES ;
|
|
any suffix so declared will have the directories on its search path (see
|
|
.Ic .PATH )
|
|
placed in the
|
|
.Va .INCLUDES
|
|
special variable, each preceded by a
|
|
.Fl I
|
|
flag.
|
|
.It Ic .INTERRUPT
|
|
If
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is interrupted, the commands for this target will be executed.
|
|
.It Ic .LIBS
|
|
This does for libraries what
|
|
.Ic .INCLUDES
|
|
does for include files, except that the flag used is
|
|
.Fl L .
|
|
.It Ic .MAIN
|
|
If no target is specified when
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is invoked, this target will be built.
|
|
This is always set, either
|
|
explicitly, or implicitly when
|
|
.Nm
|
|
selects the default target, to give the user a way to refer to the default
|
|
target on the command line.
|
|
.It Ic .MAKEFILEDEPS
|
|
Enable the
|
|
.Dq Remaking Makefiles
|
|
functionality, as explained in the
|
|
.Sx REMAKING MAKEFILES
|
|
section below.
|
|
.It Ic .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
This target provides a way to specify flags for
|
|
.Nm
|
|
when the makefile is used.
|
|
The flags are as if typed to the shell, though the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
option will have
|
|
no effect.
|
|
Flags (except for
|
|
.Fl f )
|
|
and variable assignments specified as the source
|
|
for this target are also appended to the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
internal variable.
|
|
Please note the difference between this target and the
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS
|
|
internal variable: specifying an option or variable
|
|
assignment as the source for this target will affect
|
|
.Em both
|
|
the current makefile and all processes that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
executes.
|
|
.It Ic .MFLAGS
|
|
Same as above, for backward compatibility.
|
|
.\" XXX: NOT YET!!!!
|
|
.\" .It Ic .NOTPARALLEL
|
|
.\" The named targets are executed in non parallel mode. If no targets are
|
|
.\" specified, then all targets are executed in non parallel mode.
|
|
.It Ic .NOTPARALLEL
|
|
Disable parallel mode.
|
|
.It Ic .NO_PARALLEL
|
|
Same as above, for compatibility with other
|
|
.Nm pmake
|
|
variants.
|
|
.It Ic .ORDER
|
|
The named targets are made in sequence.
|
|
.\" XXX: NOT YET!!!!
|
|
.\" .It Ic .PARALLEL
|
|
.\" The named targets are executed in parallel mode. If no targets are
|
|
.\" specified, then all targets are executed in parallel mode.
|
|
.It Ic .PATH
|
|
The sources are directories which are to be searched for files not
|
|
found in the current directory.
|
|
If no sources are specified, any previously specified directories are
|
|
deleted.
|
|
Where possible, use of
|
|
.Ic .PATH
|
|
is preferred over use of the
|
|
.Va VPATH
|
|
variable.
|
|
.It Ic .PATH\fIsuffix\fR
|
|
The sources are directories which are to be searched for suffixed files
|
|
not found in the current directory.
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility
|
|
first searches the suffixed search path, before reverting to the default
|
|
path if the file is not found there.
|
|
This form is required for
|
|
.Ic .LIBS
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic .INCLUDES
|
|
to work.
|
|
.It Ic .PHONY
|
|
Apply the
|
|
.Ic .PHONY
|
|
attribute to any specified sources.
|
|
Targets with this attribute are always
|
|
considered to be out of date.
|
|
.It Ic .POSIX
|
|
Adjust
|
|
.Nm Ap s
|
|
behavior to match the applicable
|
|
.Tn POSIX
|
|
specifications.
|
|
(Note this disables the
|
|
.Dq Remaking Makefiles
|
|
feature.)
|
|
.It Ic .PRECIOUS
|
|
Apply the
|
|
.Ic .PRECIOUS
|
|
attribute to any specified sources.
|
|
If no sources are specified, the
|
|
.Ic .PRECIOUS
|
|
attribute is applied to every
|
|
target in the file.
|
|
.It Ic .SHELL
|
|
Select another shell.
|
|
The sources of this target have the format
|
|
.Ar key Ns = Ns Ar value .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
is one of:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Va hasErrCtl"
|
|
.It Va path
|
|
Specify the path to the new shell.
|
|
.It Va name
|
|
Specify the name of the new shell.
|
|
This may be either one of the three builtin shells (see below) or any
|
|
other name.
|
|
.It Va quiet
|
|
Specify the shell command to turn echoing off.
|
|
.It Va echo
|
|
Specify the shell command to turn echoing on.
|
|
.It Va filter
|
|
Usually shells print the echo off command before turning echoing off.
|
|
This is the exact string that will be printed by the shell and is used
|
|
to filter the shell output to remove the echo off command.
|
|
.It Va echoFlag
|
|
The shell option that turns echoing on.
|
|
.It Va errFlag
|
|
The shell option to turn on error checking.
|
|
If error checking is on, the shell should exit if a command returns
|
|
a non-zero status.
|
|
.It Va hasErrCtl
|
|
True if the shell has error control.
|
|
.It Va check
|
|
If
|
|
.Va hasErrCtl
|
|
is true then this is the shell command to turn error checking on.
|
|
If
|
|
.Va hasErrCtl
|
|
is false then this is a command template to echo commands for which error
|
|
checking is disabled.
|
|
The template must contain a
|
|
.Ql %s .
|
|
.It Va ignore
|
|
If
|
|
.Va hasErrCtl
|
|
is true, this is the shell command to turn error checking off.
|
|
If
|
|
.Va hasErrCtl
|
|
is false, this is a command template to execute a command so that errors
|
|
are ignored.
|
|
The template must contain a
|
|
.Ql %s .
|
|
.It Va meta
|
|
This is a string of meta characters of the shell.
|
|
.It Va builtins
|
|
This is a string holding all the shell's builtin commands separated by blanks.
|
|
The
|
|
.Va meta
|
|
and
|
|
.Va builtins
|
|
strings are used in compat mode.
|
|
When a command line contains neither a meta
|
|
character nor starts with a shell builtin, it is executed directly without
|
|
invoking a shell.
|
|
When one of these strings (or both) is empty all commands are executed
|
|
through a shell.
|
|
.It Va unsetenv
|
|
If true, remove the
|
|
.Ev ENV
|
|
environment variable before executing any command.
|
|
This is useful for the Korn-shell
|
|
.Pq Nm ksh .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Values that are strings must be surrounded by double quotes.
|
|
Boolean values are specified as
|
|
.Ql T
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql Y
|
|
(in either case) to mean true.
|
|
Any other value is taken to mean false.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
There are several uses of the
|
|
.Ic .SHELL
|
|
target:
|
|
.Bl -bullet
|
|
.It
|
|
Selecting one of the builtin shells.
|
|
This is done by just specifying the name of the shell with the
|
|
.Va name
|
|
keyword.
|
|
It is also possible to modify the parameters of the builtin shell by just
|
|
specifying other keywords (except for
|
|
.Va path ) .
|
|
.It
|
|
Using another executable for one of the builtin shells.
|
|
This is done by specifying the path to the executable with the
|
|
.Va path
|
|
keyword.
|
|
If the last component is the same as the name of the builtin shell, no
|
|
name needs to be specified; if it is different, the name must be given:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
\&.SHELL: path="/usr/local/bin/sh"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
selects the builtin shell
|
|
.Dq Li sh
|
|
but will execute it from
|
|
.Pa /usr/local/bin/sh .
|
|
Like in the previous case, it is possible to modify parameters of the builtin
|
|
shell by just specifying them.
|
|
.It
|
|
Using an entirely different shell.
|
|
This is done by specifying all keywords.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The builtin shells are
|
|
.Dq Li sh ,
|
|
.Dq Li csh
|
|
and
|
|
.Dq Li ksh .
|
|
Because
|
|
.Fx
|
|
has no
|
|
.Nm ksh
|
|
in
|
|
.Pa /bin ,
|
|
it is unwise to specify
|
|
.Va name Ns = Ns Qq Li ksh
|
|
without also specifying a path.
|
|
.It Ic .SILENT
|
|
Apply the
|
|
.Ic .SILENT
|
|
attribute to any specified sources.
|
|
If no sources are specified, the
|
|
.Ic .SILENT
|
|
attribute is applied to every
|
|
command in the file.
|
|
.It Ic .SUFFIXES
|
|
Each source specifies a suffix to
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
If no sources are specified, any previous specified suffixes are deleted.
|
|
.It Ic .WARN
|
|
Each source specifies a warning flag as previously described for the
|
|
.Fl x
|
|
command line option.
|
|
Warning flags specified on the command line take precedence over flags
|
|
specified in the makefile.
|
|
Also, command line warning flags are pushed to sub-makes through the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variables so that a warning flag specified on the command
|
|
line will influence all sub-makes.
|
|
Several flags can be specified on a single
|
|
.Ic .WARN
|
|
target by separating them with blanks.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh REMAKING MAKEFILES
|
|
If the special target
|
|
.Ic .MAKEFILEDEPS
|
|
exists in the Makefile,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
enables the
|
|
.Dq Remaking Makefiles
|
|
feature.
|
|
After reading Makefile and all the files that are included using
|
|
.Ic .include
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .sinclude
|
|
directives (source Makefiles)
|
|
.Nm
|
|
considers each source Makefile as a target and tries to rebuild it.
|
|
Both explicit and implicit rules are checked and all source Makefiles
|
|
are updated if necessary. If any of the source Makefiles were rebuilt,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
restarts from clean state.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To prevent infinite loops the following source Makefile targets are ignored:
|
|
.Bl -bullet
|
|
.It
|
|
.Ic ::
|
|
targets that have no prerequisites
|
|
.It
|
|
.Ic \&!
|
|
targets
|
|
.It
|
|
targets that have
|
|
.Ic .PHONY
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic .EXEC
|
|
attributes
|
|
.It
|
|
targets without prerequisites and without commands
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When remaking a source Makefile options
|
|
.Ic -t
|
|
(touch target),
|
|
.Ic -q
|
|
(query mode), and
|
|
.Ic -n
|
|
(no exec) do not take effect, unless source Makefile is specified
|
|
explicitly as a target in
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Additionally, system makefiles and
|
|
.Ic .depend
|
|
are not considered as Makefiles that can be rebuilt.
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility uses the following environment variables, if they exist:
|
|
.Ev MACHINE ,
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.Ev MAKE ,
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|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS ,
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|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIR ,
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|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX ,
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|
and
|
|
.Ev MAKESYSPATH .
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make -compact
|
|
.It Pa .depend
|
|
list of dependencies
|
|
.It Pa Makefile
|
|
list of dependencies
|
|
.It Pa makefile
|
|
list of dependencies
|
|
.It Pa obj
|
|
object directory
|
|
.It Pa sys.mk
|
|
system makefile
|
|
.It Pa /usr/share/mk
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|
default system makefile directory
|
|
.It Pa /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make
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|
PMake tutorial
|
|
.It Pa /usr/obj
|
|
default
|
|
.Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
|
|
directory.
|
|
.It Pa /etc/make.conf
|
|
default path to
|
|
.Xr make.conf 5
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
List all included makefiles in order visited:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "make -V .MAKEFILE_LIST | tr \e\ \e\en"
|
|
.Sh COMPATIBILITY
|
|
Older versions of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
used
|
|
.Ev MAKE
|
|
instead of
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS .
|
|
This was removed for
|
|
.Tn POSIX
|
|
compatibility.
|
|
The internal variable
|
|
.Va MAKE
|
|
is set to the same value as
|
|
.Va .MAKE ;
|
|
support for this may be removed in the future.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The use of the
|
|
.Cm :L
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm :U
|
|
modifiers are deprecated
|
|
in
|
|
.Fx 10.0
|
|
and the more portable (among Pmake decedents)
|
|
.Cm :tl
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm :tu
|
|
should be used instead.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Most of the more esoteric features of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
should probably be avoided for greater compatibility.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr mkdep 1 ,
|
|
.Xr make.conf 5
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "PMake - A Tutorial"
|
|
.Re
|
|
in
|
|
.Pa /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
A
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in PWB UNIX.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
The determination of
|
|
.Va .OBJDIR
|
|
is contorted to the point of absurdity.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In the presence of several
|
|
.Ic .MAIN
|
|
special targets,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
silently ignores all but the first.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Va .TARGETS
|
|
is not set to the default target when
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is invoked without a target name and no
|
|
.Ic .MAIN
|
|
special target exists.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The evaluation of
|
|
.Ar expression
|
|
in a test is very simple-minded.
|
|
Currently, the only form that works is
|
|
.Ql .if ${VAR} op something .
|
|
For instance, you should write tests as
|
|
.Ql .if ${VAR} == "string"
|
|
not the other way around, which would give you an error.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For loops are expanded before tests, so a fragment such as:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
\&.for ARCH in ${SHARED_ARCHS}
|
|
\&.if ${ARCH} == ${MACHINE}
|
|
...
|
|
\&.endif
|
|
\&.endfor
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
will not work, and should be rewritten as:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
\&.for ARCH in ${SHARED_ARCHS}
|
|
\&.if ${MACHINE} == ${ARCH}
|
|
...
|
|
\&.endif
|
|
\&.endfor
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The parsing code is broken with respect to handling a semicolon
|
|
after a colon, so a fragment like this will fail:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
HDRS= foo.h bar.h
|
|
|
|
all:
|
|
\&.for h in ${HDRS:S;^;${.CURDIR}/;}
|
|
...
|
|
\&.endfor
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A trailing backslash in a variable value defined on the command line causes
|
|
the delimiting space in the
|
|
.Ev MAKEFLAGS
|
|
environment variable to be preceded by that backslash.
|
|
That causes a submake to not treat that space as a word delimiter.
|
|
Fixing this requires a larger rewrite of the code handling command line
|
|
macros and assignments to
|
|
.Va .MAKEFLAGS .
|